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NOTICE. 

The abstract of daily results given in tabular form, beginning at 
page 115, should be referred to in reading the abstract remarks of 
each day given on the preceding pages. 



33d Congress, [SENATE.] Executive, 

1st Session.. ^^ _ No. 59. 



REPORT AND CMRTS 



CRUISE OF THE U. S. BRIG DOLPHIN, 



MADE UNDER DIRECTION OF 



THE NAVY DEPARTMENT, 



^ >i r 



LIEUT. S. P. LEE, UMTED STATES MVY. 



WASHLNHTON: 

I5EVERLEY TUCKER, PPaXTEll TO THE SENATE 
1854. 



♦ 






NOV w ifie 



REPORT 

OF 

THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY, 

COMMUNICATING, 

In compliance vnth a resolution of the Seyiate, the Report and Charts of 
Lieutenant S. P. Lee, commander of the United States S2irveying brig 
Dolphin. 

Mat 5, 1854. — Read, and ordered to be printed ; motion to print 2,000 extra copies referred 

to the Committee on Printing. 

May 9, 1854. — Reported in favor of printing 2,000 extra copies, which was agreed to. 



Navy Department, Washington, May 5, 1854. 
Sir : I transmit, in compliance with the call of the Senate of the 
4th instant, the Report and Charts of the cruise of the surveying brig 
Dolphin, Lieutenant S. P. Lee, commanding. 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

J. C. DOBBIN, Secretary of the Navy. 
To the Hon. D. R. Atchison, 

President of the Senate. 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 

Page. 

Dolphin is commissioned — Released from confidential orders — Swing brig at Sandy 
Hook for deviation of compass — Departure — List of officers — Objects of the 
cruise — Errors of ordinary marine thermometers — Incorrectness of the usual 
method of trying currents from boats — Enter the Gulf Stream ; fresh and stale- 
looking sea-weed there — Unsuccessful search for " Potomac soundings" and for 
" Field's vigia" — Leave the Gulf Stream 1 

CHAPTER n. 

Unsuccessful search for " Anfitrite breakers" — See land birds, drift-wood, and flying 
fish — Make unsuccessful search for " Dyet's rocks," the "False Bermudas," 
the "Vigia of 1827," " Gandaria's rocks," " Gombaud's rock," and " Emily's 
rock and shoal" — Pass through the Sargasso sea, finding less sea-weed in it than 
in the space west of it — See but little sea-weed after leaving the eastern limit of 
the Sargasso sea, and none just after entering the tropics — Westerly winds change 
into NE. trades at the place assigned by Lieutenant Maury — Arrive at Port 
Praya ; find the African squadron and a provision ship there 8 

CHAPTER HL 

Rate the chronometers — Sickness at Porto Praya — Receive wood, wa'er, provisions, 
and stores — Growing importance of the Cape de Verde Islands to commerce — 
Leave Porto Praya — Touch at Brava — Slave vessel — Current bottles — the NE. 
trades die out on the parallel mentioned by Lieutenant Maury — Unsuccessful 
search for " French shoal" — Luminous sea, resembling shoals — Pandora's sound- 
ing — Doubtful sounding by Captain Denham, R. N. — Wire unfit for sounding — 
Sounding with small waxed fishing line, from a boat kept over the lead, recom- 
mended — Take many deep-sea soundings 34 

CHAPTER IV. 

Enter the volcanic region ; pass through it three times — Make unsuccessful search for 
" Krusenstern's volcano," " Triton's shoal," " Bouvet's Sandy island," " Aquila 
reef," " Le Pacifique, shock," and '• Crown reef" — Take many deep-sea sound- 
ings, and find no signs of volcanoes or other dangers 55 

CHAPTER V. 

Observations for variations at sea — Touch at Fernando de Noronha twice — Measure 
difference of longitude between it and Pernambuco — Yellow fever in Brazil — Un- 
successful search fof " Vigia south of Fernando de Ncronha" — Land on the Rocas 
reef; determine its position, &c. — Serious errors in some previous authorities 
shown — Current off Cape St. Roque — Suggest explanation of the difficulty of 
getting round that point 73 



VI CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER VI. 

Page 

Unsuccessful search for " Blaesdale's reef" — Light on Atalaia point — Visit Para ; 
yellow fever there — Receive supplies, rate chronometers, &c. — Excellent charts 
of Brazil and Amazon river, by French naval officers — Discolored water from 
Amazon, Lieutenant Herndon, U. S. Navy, a passenger 89 

CHAPTER VH. 

Examine the region of discolored water east of the Windward islands, and the sup- 
posed mountainous region extending from 37° on the equator to Cape Charles, 
United States — Made unsuccessful search for " Voette'sbank," " Galleon's bank," 
"Gallissioniere's rock," "Martin's reef," " Mouraud's bank," and the "Over- 
falls, or heavy ripples " — End of cruise 98 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig Dolphin 115 

Copy of the instructions from the Navy Department 180* 

Description of the sounding line used, its size, strength, and the manner of measuring it 18S 
Table of deep-sea soundings, showing place, time, and depth of each sounding; 

whether taken from boat or vessel, and by what officer ; the kind of line, number 

of 32-pound shot, or weight of lead 187 

Table showing the time of descent of each 100 fathoms of ximoa-xed line, with om 32- 

poundshot, and average of same 204 

Table showing time of descent of each 100 fathoms of waxed line, with one 3'2-pound 

shot, and average of same 206 

Table showing the mean of both the above averages 208 

Table showing the time of descent of each 100 fathoms of umoaxed fishing line, with 

two 32-poxtnd shot, and average of same 210 

Table showing the time of descent of each 100 fathoms of waxed fishing line, with two 

32-pound shot, and average of the same 212^ 

Table showing the mean of these two averages 212 

List of rocks, shoals, and other dangers unsuccessfully searched for, their reported 

position, and time of discovery, with a reference to the page and time of our 

search 214 

Table of the variations of the compass determined on board the Dolphin, time and 

place of observation, and name of observer, &c 216 

Table of temperature of air and surface water, taken hourly, with vessel's position at 

4 a. m., noon, and 8 p. m., daily 231 

Table showing the temperature of the air, and of the water at the surface, and at given 

depths : 1st, in the tropics ; 2d, in the Gulf stream ; 3d, in the north temperate 

zone of the Atlantic, with the mean temperature in each case 316 

List of specimens of salt water, at the surface and at various depths, with latitude and 

longitude of each specimen 321 

List of specimens of bottom, &c 327 

Points of practice on board the Dolphin: recording all the astronomical observations 

made ; method of making deep-sea soundings ; trying currents ; searching for 

vigias, &c 329 



CONTENTS. 



Illustrations accompanying the report of the cruise of the United States 
surveying brig Dolphin, Lieutenant Commanding S. P. Lee — 1851— '52. 

Page. 

1.— Field's Vigia 6 

2. — Anfitrite Breakers 8 

3.— Dyet Rock 9 

4.— Vigia of 1897 13 

5. — Gandaria Rocks 15 

6. — Gombaud's Rock 22 

7.— Emily's Rock and Shoal 29 

8.— Triton's Bank 67 

9. — Vigia South of Fernando de Noronha 79 

10.— The Rocas 81 

11.— Blaesdale's Coral Reef 90 

12— Voette's Bank 99 

13.— Galleon's Bank 99 

14._Martin 's Reef. .' 103 

15.— Mouraud's Bank 110 



Remarks explanatorij of (he tables. 
Above a deep sea sounding denotes no bottom. 

Below a deep sea sounding denotes bottom. 

A small star (*) designates latitude or longitude derived from observations of a planet. 
A large star (^) designates latitude or longitude derived from observations of a fixed star. 
All depths are in fathoms, imless where expressly stated otherwise. 



ABSTRACT LOG 

OF 

THE UMTED STATES SDRVEYMI BRIG DOLPHIN, 

LIEUT. SAMUEL PHILLIPS LEE, U. S. N., COMMANDING. 

1851-'52. 



CHAPTER I. 



Dolphin is commissioned — Released from confidential orders — Swing brig at Sandy Hook for 
deviation of compass — Departure — List of officers — Objects of the cruise — Errors of or- 
dinary air thermometers — Incorrectness of the ordinary method of trying currents from 
boats — Enter the Gulf Stream — Fresh and stale looking sea-weed there — Unsuccessful 
search for Potomac soundings and fields vigia — Leave the Gulf Stream. 

The brigantine Dolphin was put in commission August 14, 1851, 
having been slightly repaired for five or six months service, after a long 
cruise in the East Indies, from which she had recently returned. 

Relieved on the 26th of September from the "confidential" orders 
of July 29 and August 29, relating to the Lopez expedition ; and hav- 
ing received the balance of the sounding line from the contractors, 
(225,000 fathoms single size, and 10,000 fathoms triple size fishing 
line, in all 235,000 fathoms of sounding line,) the Dolphin dropped 
down from the New York navy yard to Sandy Hook, for the purpose 
of "swinging ship" to ascertain the local deviation of the compasses. 

October 8, 1851. — The local deviation having been determined, put 
to sea at daylight with a crew of 48 petty officers, seamen, and ma- 
rines, and the following officers : 

Lieutenant Samuel PhiUips Lee, commanding officer and acting 
purser ; 

Passed Midshipman A. Barbot, acting master and executive officer ; 
~ ~ Did the regular duty of lieuten- 

ants, and each in turn perform- 



J. P. Hall, 
E.Renshaw, 



ed also the duly of assistant 
)■ master — the objects of the 
" J. D. Danels, I cruise requiring many more as- 

I tronomical observations and 
" W.K. Mayo, J computations than usual. 

Passed Assistant Surgeon J. B. Gould ; 
H. C. Elliott, captain's clerk and draughtsman. 
2 



2 S. Doc. 59. 

At 8 a. m., discharged the pilot, sending by him a muster roll of the 
officers and crew, and other official reports and our private letters. 
Crew employed making everything below and alolt snug for sea. Al 
4 p. m., shotted the guns, [lour 32s of 27 cwt. each.] 

The Dolphin is employed under the act of Congress of March 3, 
1849, "for testing new routes, and perfecting the discoveries made by 
Lieutenant Maury in the course of his investigations of the winds and 
currents of the ocean." 

The following is a brief synopsis of tkc instructions issued by the 
JVav}^ Department : 

1st. An hourly record of the direction and force of the wind ; an 
liourly record of the portion, kind, and direction of clouds; hourly ob- 
servations of the thermometer, barometer, and of the state of the 
weather. 

2d. The hourly temperature of the surface water; the force and di- 
rection of currents and their limits; the transparency and saltness or 
specific gravity of sea water in different parts of the ocean, and its 
temperature at various depths from specimens brought up in wooden 
cylinders with valves. In addition to the indications from changes of 
temperature, currents were to be ascertained by comparing the position 
of our vessel, derived from well corrected dead reckoning with those 
deduced from many good astronomical observations, to be taken during 
daylight and twilight; and also by heaving the log, when becalmed, 
from a boat anchored to its cable and u'on pot, using a square sunken 
block for under currents. 

3d. Deep sea soundings were to be made in favorable weather, 
[using 32-pound shot and small fishing Une, prepared and put on reels 
for the purpose,] as "the depth of the ocean is an important element 
towards a perfect understanding of the tides, their laws of motion, the 
course and form of the tidal wave," &c. 

4th. An examination of all dangers about which there are doubts, 
either as to existence or position. A list of 56 of these doubtful dan- 
gers, which disfigure the best charts of the Atlantic ocean, was given. 
The track to be taken was first towards Europe, and through that por- 
tion of the ocean around and to the northward of the Western islands, 
which is clustered with these reported dangers ; thence westerly to the 
Gulf stream, between 30^ and 35° of north latitude ; thence easterly 
by French shoal to examine the region lying between the equator and 
70 south latitude, and between 15° and 25^' of west longitude, sup- 
posed to be volcanic, and remarkable for its oceanic disturbances and 
tide rips; thence from the equator to Cape St. Roque, sounding and 
carefully examining the currents between Fernando de Noronha and 
the main; thence, after having satisfactorily examined the equatorial 
and Amazonian currents, homewards, crossing four times over a strip 
of the sea, remarkable for its temperatures, lying about 150 miles wide 
on each side of a straight line drawn from 37'^ west longitude on the 
equator to Cape Charles, United States. , 

Deep sea soundings were, when practicable, to be taken along the 
whole of this track, and the reported dangers, rocks, shoals, &c., [com- 
monly called vigias,] near it searched for. 

The advanced state of the season required the postponement of the 



S. Doc. 59. a 

investigations designed of that part of the Atlantic towards and near 
the Azores, and made it necessary to begin with the Hne leading to- 
wards the Cape de Verde islands. 

It is matter of surprise that no one of the great maritime nations had 
not sooner authorized a regular official pearch to be made for the dan- 
gers, rocks, shoals, &c., which have been accumulating upon the charts 
from the beginning of the last century, delaying vessels by causing 
them to avoid the general locality of the danger, as is often done, or 
rendering navigation uneasy if not unsafe by neglecting this precaution. 

Determining the exact position of such of these reported dangers as 
may exist, and expunging from the charts such as cannot be found after 
such a search as upon a comparison of the original authorities with the 
track charts and detailed reports of surveying officers must remov.; all 
doubt, will be conferring a benefit on the commerce of the world. 

October 9. — Calm until 2 p. m. The copper thermometers procured 
by the navy agent from Messrs. B. Pike & Son, New York, compared 
with our standard thermometer made by J. Green, New York, [which 
was on the return of the Dolphin tested at the Naval obseivatory, 
Washington, and found correct,] showed errors varying from 1° to 6°. 
Each thermometer was numbered, the period during which it was 
used entered hi the log-book, and the observations made with it cor- 
rected, before being entered in this abstract. At 11a. m., in 30 fa- 
thoms water, the temperature of water at 27 fathoms, brought up in a 
wooden cylinder, was 6° less than the surface water: the same ther- 
mometer was used for both observations. At 2h. 30m. p. m., breeze 
light from ESE., and smooth sea; hove to and lowered both whale 
boats for Lieutenant Commanding Lee to try currents. Anchored one 
boat with an 80-pound kedge and 50 fathoms of line in 32 fathoms 
water. Used for log line a small well stretched fishing line, marked 
to tenths of a knot with wooden corks, [painted black on the stray 
line, red at each knot, and white at each tenth,] which served as 
marks and to keep the line from sinking. For under currents used a 
leaded block one foot square, and painted white, suspended to an in- 
flated canvas bag shaped like a cocked hat, but larger. Found the 
surface current, by the mean of three good trials, to set NW. by W., at 
the rate of -tq of a knot per hour, and the under current at 10 fathoms, 
also at 20 fathoms, to have the same set and rate as the surface cur- 
rent. Then lowered a pitch kettle 27 fathoms from the bow of a se- 
cond boat, and hove the log from it, having the log chip end of the line 
made fast in the stern of the first boat anchored by the kedge, and 
found the second boat to set NW. by W. at the rate of j-q of a knot 
per hour. Hauled up the iron kettle, and hove the log again from the 
second boat, with the log chip fast in the first boat, and found the 
second boat to drift j-o of a knot per hour NW. by W. The breeze 
was still light and the water smooth ; though the rate of current by this 
kind of observation cannot be determined with precision to the tenth of 
a knot, yet the result of this experiment suggests the probability that 
in trying currents, especially under currents, and particularly where 
the pitch kettle has less cable than the leaded block suspended to a 
float, it may be the boat drifting to leeward of the float, and not the lat' 
ter movmg off to windward as has been sometimes reported. 



4 S. Doc. 59. 

There is almost always, when such observations are made, light airs 
or a gentle breeze acting upon boat and crew, and setting them to lee- 
ward, accompanied by a sea or •swell setting the boat to leeward, and 
sometimes across the wind, increasing the drift or modifying its direc- 
tion. These causes have much less influence on a small float held by 
a weight (which is below the troubled surface) and which has much 
less bulk than the boat to be acted upon, and a much greater weight in 
proportion to drag, than the boat has in the kettle which holds it. At 
3h. 30tn. p. m., made sail. The variation entered in the column of 
abstract log refers to the place, not to the time of observation. 

October 10. — At 7h. 30m. a. m., and at 1 p. m., shortened sail, hove 
to, sounded with a Stellwagen cup attached to the lead, and took under 
surface temperatures as per column. [At 4 a. m., noon, and 8 p. m., 
the abstract log shows the compass point from which the wind has 
most prevailed for the preceding eight hours. On other occasions it is 
given for the time against which it is entered.] 

Octoher 11. — Entered the northern edge of the Gulf stream at 7 a. m., 
in latitude 37° 39' 51" N., (D.R.,) and longitude 70^ 57' 00' W., (D.R.,) 
shortened sail, hove to, sounded and took sub-surface temperatures. 

The temperature of the surface water has risen 7° within the last 
hour, from b8° to 75^ (F.) Obtained no astronomical observations to- 
day owing to bad weather ; sky overcast and weather squally. At 
noon saw a little seaweed. At Ih. 30m. p. m., passed near a flock of 
sea birds over a shole of fish, all going east. At sunset, under snug 
sail, blowing a fresh gale from the E., with threatening appearances. 

October 32. — Lying to during the night. From midnight to 3 a. ni.> 
the barometer fell ywu of an inch. In a heavy sea, the excessive mo- 
tion of the barometer impairs the value of its indications. In the 
forenoon, weather moderating, made sail. Too much sea on to take 
under surface temperatures. During these 24 hours, the gale worked 
round from east to south. 

October 13. — Since entering the Gulf stream on the 11th instant, we 
have been set along its northern edge by strong head winds and heavy 
sea, the thermometer varying from 71 to 79. 

From 8 a. m. to noon, passed seven pieces of new plank, (from the 
deck load of some vessel probably,) and through fiesh seaweed ranged 
in hnes parallel to the wind. At 4 p. m., blowing hard, a very heavy 
and irregular sea running. Laid to during the night, under close 
reefed fore-trysail and mainsail. During these 24 hours tlie gale 
worked round from south to west. Guys to prevent the barometer from 
striking the bulkhead, and from swinging too violently, increase the 
sudden check it receives. India rubber springs would relieve this. 

October 14. — Wind variable between NNW. and SW., moderates. 
At 2 p. m., took temperature sounding, using a wooden cylinder, bent 
on above Lieutenant Stellwagen's lead. A cross irregular sea run- 
ning. 

October 15. — Gale over, made sail at 8 a. m. Saw some fresh look- 
ing sea- weed. From noon to Ih. 30m. p. m., taking under surface tem- 
peratures, with the sails clued up snugly, but not furled. Used Green's 
thermometer (F.) in a dry glass bottle screwed down at top, and 
wrapped with some cotton cloth to steady it in its iron botde, which 



S. Doc. 59. $ 

was also closely screwed down. Used also a wooden cylinder, with a 
valve at each end opening upwards. Bent both on at five fathoms 
above a 561b. lead, fitted with Lieutenant Stellwagen's cup. The 
wooden C3dinder (the same which came up filled with water yesterday) 
brought up no water either at the 200 or afterwards at the 300 fathoms 
cast. Green's thermom.eter, which went down v/ith its index at 70^, 
came up showing 53° the first and 47° the second trial. The water 
forced itself into both the iron and the glass bottles. Preserved speci- 
raiens of this water and of the surface water. 

October 16. — At 2h. 20m. a. m., furled all sail, and cast with a 
561b. Stellwagen's lead and 440 fathoms fine, about 420 up and down. 
Sea very rough. From 4 to 6 p. m., passed through large quantities 
of fresh looking sea-weed, the stems of which, when examined, proved 
to be dead. 

Potomac Soundings. 

October 17. — At 4h. 20m. a. m., with furled sails, got a cast of the 
lead from the brig with 400 fathoms of line up and down, at which 
depth Green's thermometer, (F.,) sent down in an iron bottle with its 
index at 67°, came up showing a temperature of 51°. At llh. 15m. 
a. m., again sounded from the brig with furled sail, having 430 fathoms 
line up and down, using a 561b. Stellwagen's lead and Green's ther- 
mometer (F.) in an iron bottle; the index which went down showing 
62°, came up at 64°, with a broken column of mercury, some of it 
above the index. At 6h. 08m. p. m., when near Potomac shoal, 
shortened sail, hove to, and sounded with 400 fathoms line, no bottom. 

October 18. — At Ih. 45m. a. m., being [by good observations of 
Polaris at twihght last evening, and of the sun 3resterday afternoon, 
with our run corrected with especial regard to the current since then] 
in latitude 38° 10' N., and longitude 67° 26' W., where Captain Smith, 
of the ship Potomac, of Alexandria, United States, is reported [on 
page 467 of Laurie's memoir of the Atlantic ocean, London, 1845] to 
have found bottom at 90 fathoms in June, 1838, sounded, having aU 
sails furled, with 400 fathoms of line, but got no bottom. The assigned 
position of the shoal is by the given latitude and longitude, in the 
strength and on the northern side of the Gulf stream, though the ac- 
count says it is on the " southern side of the stream." At 4h. 30m. 
a. m., there was a halo of 25° semi-diameter around the moon. At 8 
a. m., a large flock of birds around the brig. At 9 a. m., secured 
everything for a gale from SE. by E. Saw some sea- weed in the 
afternoon. At 7 p. ra., lying to. Sea very heavy. 

October 19. — Lying to, under close reefed mainsail and fore-tr3^saiL 
Heavy rolling sea, shipped a little water occasionally. Storm working 
round to SSE. at 1 a. m., to SW. at noon, and lo W. at 9 p. m., and 
beginning to moderate. Before sunset, saw what appeared to be part 
of a vessel's caboose. Passed a good deal of stale looking sea-weed 
in fines parallel to wiurl and sea. 

October 20. — At Oh. 30m. a. m., made sail. From 10 a. m. to noon, 
hove to, and made several unsuccessful effiirts to take temperatures 
with wooden cylinders. With a strong wind from NW. to W. by S., 



6 S. Doc. 59. 

had a long swell toENE. Passed much old sea-weed iu lines parallel 
to wind. Saw the northern lights faintly between 8 and 9 p. m. 

Field's Vigia. 

October 21. — Calm from midnight to 8 a. m., and light airs during 
the day. Saw much sea- weed, generally fresh looking, with some firm 
berries floating in fields and small bunches. 

At 5 p. m., furled sail and lowered a boat, with Lieutenant Com- 
manding Lee, Mr. Hall, and Mr. Renshaw, to sound and try currents. 
The current was NE. 1 knot per hour, from three agreeing trials. The 
boat was riding to an iron pot suspended by 60 fathoms cable. Made 
several ineffectual attempts to sound with the wrapping twine, first 
provided for us at New York, (which had been thoroughly overhauled 
there, and all the worst looking places cut. out before marking it,) and 
found that it soon unlaid and parted, and was utterly worthless lor this 
purpose. But we have a large supply of the small fishing line for 
future use. 

Got frequent casts using a Stellwagen lead to a coasting line with 
Burt's nipper, and kept a good lookout for danger, being near Field's 
vigia. 

October 22. — Searching for Field's vigia, reported on page 466 of 
Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, as having been discovered 
"April 1, 1833," by tlie master of the "schooner Little Mary," bound 
from Antigua to St. John's, New Brunswick, who says, "at 4 a. m., 
tried temperature of the water, and found myself in the Gulf stream. 
At 6 a. m., the water still warm. At 8, found the water very cold and 
of a dark and muddy color ; every appearance of benig on soundings. 
At about a mile to the westward the surface of the sea appeared as if 
breaking, or rather rolling over a shoal; saw gi^eat quantities of small 
fish rise occasionally in sholes, and porpoises. At 10 found the water 
warm again, and of the blue ocean color, and continued so until 4 p. 
m., of the 2d. Latitude of shoal corrected at noon 37° 31' N. Longi- 
tude by acco'imt 66° W. Partly determined to return imd sound, but 
the wind was fair, and as there was every appearance of a NE. snow 
storm coming on, was deterred from doing it. On making the land 
within the Bay of Fundy, on the 6th, the reckoning was only 18 miles 
to west of the vessel ; and having sighted Bermuda on the passage, 
the longitude given of the shoal cannot be far from the truth." 

This alleged discovery was made on all-fool's day, April 1st, and 
its assigned position in longitude depends upon dead reckoning during 
the passage, iiom the time of sighting Bermuda to making land on the 
6th of April, in the Bay of Fundy. The sudden variableness in the 
temperature of the water would suggest the idea of ice, if there was 
ever any known in this vicint}^. Some change of temperature would 
be due to the fact that this vigia is located near the southern edge of 
the Gulf stream. 

The surface temperatures and currents, found and laid down on our 
general track chart, indicate that the temperature of the sea from near 
the assigned position of this vigia on the southward and eastward, is 
but a dpgree or so higher than the general range of the surface tempera- 



S. Doc. 59. 



tnre experienced in our voyage, thence (towards the Cape de Verdes) 
to about 27° N. and 40° W., and suggest the impression that the 
extended southern Hmit, recently assigned the Gulf stream, (see chart 
" engraved for Blunt's Memoir of the Atlantic ocean, 1851,") is prob- 
ably incorrect. During the day we kept an extra number of look-outs 
stationed, and a deep-sea Stellwagen lead going constantly, sounding 
with from 40 to 60 fathoms of line, besides getting a 400 fathom cast 
from the brig, (hove to under short sail,) with a deep sea line and Stell- 
wagen lead, at 3h. 50m. a. m. ; and at noon a cast of 1,175 fathoms 
with the fishing line, (unwaxed,) and three 32-pound shot from the boat. 

October 22, 1851. 

Latitude 37° 26' 5" iV., © m.; lov^itude 65° 48' 16" W., Q - — ■* 

° p.jn. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


in. s. 


Cast 


11 41 54 




700 


11 54 53 


2 39 


100 


11 42 28 


34 


800 


11 57 28 


2 35 


200 


11 43 45 


1 17 


900 


12 8 


2 40 


' 300 


11 45 30 


1 45 


1,000 


12 3 1 


2 53 


400 


11 47 33 


2 3 


1,100 


12 6 3 


3 2 


500 


11 49 50 


2 17 


1,200 


12 13 50 


7 47 


600 


11 52 14 


2 24 









Line parted ; time running, 31m. 56s. ; 1,175 fathoms ; no bottom. 

At 4h. 30m. p. m., having all sails furled, and being from observa- 
tions of the sun at noon for latitude, and in the afternoon for time, in 
the position assigned to this vigia, lowered a boat and got a 500 fathom 
cast up and down without getting bottom, or seeing any sign of the 
reported danger, then, or at any other time during the day. We saw 
several sail during the day showing that this is a frequented track, and 
a good deal of sea-weed in irregular patches, both fresh and stale 
looking. 

October 23. — Continued search for Fields vigia by the eye and lead, 
but saw nothing of it. The squalls being very short, did not mate- 
rially affect the radius of vision, which was good. 

At 4 p. m., a sail in sight. A plot is given of our track for these 
two days, and also for four other days, when we were in the vicinity 
of this vigia. The limit of our radius of vision during the search for 
vigias is shown on the respective track charts. Leave the Gulf 
stream. 



S. Doc. 59. 



CHAPTER II. 

Unsuccessful search for " Anfitrlte breakers" — See land birds, drifl-wood, and flying fish — 
Make unsuccessful search for " Dyet's Rocks" — the "False Bermudas" — the'*vigiaof 
1827" — " Gandaria's Rocks" — " Go m baud's Rocks," and "Emily's Bonetta rock and 
Shoal" — Pass through the Sargasso sea, finding less sea-weed in it than in the space west 
of it — See but little sea-weed after leaving the eastern limit of the Sargasso sea, and none 
just after entering the tropics — Westerly winds change into NE. trades at the place assigned 
by Lieutenant Maury — Arrive at Port Praya — Find the African squadron and a provision 
ship there. 

Anfitrite Breakers. 

Octoher 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28. — During these five days made an 
unsuccessful search for Anfitrite breakers without seeing them, or any 
indication of danger. We sounded constantly \^'ith deep sea lead, and 
on the 25th, at 2 p. m., from a boat, with a 32-pound shot and 1,000 
fathoms of (unwaxed) fishing line, in the assigned position of these 
breakers, in about latitude 35^ 52' N., longitude 65° 56' W., according 
to the admu-alty variation chart of June 23, 1851. 

October 25, 1851. 



Latitude 35° 52' 6" N., © m.; longitude 65° 56' 12" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee. 



Fathoms. 


Time P, M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




/». m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


2 22 17 




600 


2 33 37 


2 40 


100 


2 23 20 


1 3 


700 


2 36 36 


,2 59 


200 


2 24 47 


1 27 


800 


2 39 36 


3 


300 


2 26 30 


1 43 


900 


2 42 53 


3 17 


400 


2 28 36 


2 6 


1,000 


2 46 35 


3 42 


500 


2 30 57 


2 21 









Line parted; time running, 24?!i. IBs. ; no bottom. 

On page 104 of the Nautical Magazine for February, 1851, it is 
stated, that from the 10th to 12th of May, 1846, the Spanish merchant 
ship Anfitrite, saihng from Havana to Cadix, discovered a breaking of the 
water of about a cable's length in extent from NE. to SW., which they 
placed in latitude 35° 50' N., and longitude by observation 59° 46' 38" 
west of Cadiz, [or longitude 65° 58' 38" west of Greenwich, counting 
from the position of the new observatory at Cadiz, in 6° 12' 00" west 
of Greenwich.] This position we passed over while sounding on the 
foornoon of the 25th. During these four days we had generally a good 
radius of vision, and saw much sea-weed, sometimes in large patches, 
at other times in irregular lines ; the wind was light or moderated, except 
on the 27th, when it blew a gale from S. and hauled gradually to NW. 



S. Doc. 59. 9 

On the 25th, at 6 a. m., one of the look-outs aloft reported a rock ahead, 
which, when examined from aloft by two officers with sp^^glasses, 
proved to be a small schooner, which afterwards showed American 
colors. On the afternoon of the 24th several small land birds ahghted 
on board, and on the afternoon of the 27th another such bu'd flew about 
the vessel. On both occasions we were in the immediate vicinity of 
the reported breakers, and about 200 miles north of Bermuda, whence 
these birds were probably blown by the strong south winds which 
prevailed previously. On the 28th we saw much sea-weed and several 
sail. 

October 29. — Until to-day the temperature at the mast-head has been 
observed at 9 a. m., and at 3 p. m. This thermometer is encased in 
a wooden box, with a door, with an air passage from top to bottom, 
roofed over, and painted white. The box is sometimes in the sun. 
The observation was generally made by one intelhgent person. The 
time of observation is given at the top of the column. 

At 1 a. m., observed a remarkably lurid appearance in the NW., 
which gradually spread to N., and finally disappeared; the clouds* 
round about, above and below, were of the cumuli and cumulo stratus 
kind. At 7 a. m., spoke the American bark "Hualto," of Belfast. 
Saw a few flying fish, (the fii^st we have noticed,) and some sea-weed, 
which was fresh looking. At 2h. p. m., passed a sail standing to the 
southward and eastward. 

October 30. — A large swell setting from the eastward. Repaired the 
mainsail. Saw much sea-weed of fresh appearance floating in fines 
parallel to the wind. Saw several sea birds. 

October 31. — At 6h. 30m. a. m., passed a large old log. This fore- 
noon passed a bark standing to the northward and westward, and saw 
one flying fish. This fish abounds in the tropics, and is not often known 
so far north as this, (35°.) Saw much sea-weed. The stalest looking 
appeared to float upon, and the freshest a fittle below the surface. A 
heavy cross sea on. Barometer steadily falling. 

November 1. — Saw much sea-weed of a fresh appearance, arranged 
in patches or in broad lines parallel with the wind. 

The winds, currents, variation, deep sea soundings, surface and deep 
sea temperatures, sea-weed, and drift-wood, flocks of birds, and sholes 
of flying and other fish, discolored water, tide rips, reported dangers, 
&c., mentioned in the log, are, as far as practicable, shown on the gene- 
ral track chart. 

Dyet's Rock. 

November 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. — Made unsuccessful search for Dyet's 
Rock. 

Sunday, November 2. — Had general muster, and Mr. Hall read the act 
of 1800 for the better government of the navy, to the officers and crew. 
It had been read in like manner by the executive officer, on the first 
Sunday of the two preceding months, and will be thus publicly read 
in turn by each of the sea officers daring the cruise. The sea-weed 
seen to-day floated high and was generally stale. At 9h. 30m., a. m., 
put over the patent log, stationed extra look-outs and commenced taking 



10 



S. Doc. 59. 



regular soundings in search of Dyet's Rocks. In the Nautical Maga- 
zine, London, 1845, page 437, the following appears: 

"Dyet's Rock — Atlantic — 7io soundings. — On my passage from St. 
Kitts to London, and when off Bermuda, May 17, 8h. a. m., we passed 
within 30 or 40 feet of two sunken rocks, having 6 or 8 feet water over 
them, it being very smooth at the time, in latitude 32° 46' N., at noon, 
longitude 60° 06' W., by a good chronometer, and by several lunar ob- 
servations previously. 

I strongly suspect they are the rocks marked as doubtful in latitude 
'32° 30', longitude 59° W., hoping you will publish this for the benefit 
of navigation." (Signed) "Robert Dyet, master of the bark Catherine 
Greene, of London." 

It was supposed in our search that the latitude above, given by Cap- 
tain Dyet, was that of the rocks, and not the noon position of his vessel. 
At 3h.'20m. p. m., November 2, we passed over the assigned position 
of these rocks, sounding but getting no bottom, or seeing any appear- 
ance of any danger, and at 5 p. m. sounded from a boat with two 32- 
•pound shot, but the fishing line (unwaxed) parted at 800 fathoms when 
running freely. 

November 2, 1851. 



Latitude 32° 46' 0" N., O rn.; longitude 59° 56' 20" W., © y. m. 

Boat soundikg. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals, 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h, m. s. 


m. s. 


Cast.... 


5 30 8 




500 


5 34 57 


1 33 


100 


5 31 


52 


GOO 


5 36 39 


1 42 


200 


5 31 34 


34 


700 


5 38 35 


1 56 


300 


5 32 6 


32 


800 


5 39 5? 


30 


400 


5 33 24 


1 18 


Parted 


5 40 


55 



Time running, 9m. 52s. ; no bottom. 

Then, without anchoring the boat, hove the log from it and found it 
to drift off SSE. (to leeward) from the chip, at the rate of -ra "t' a knot 
per hour. Then anchored the boat with 75 fathoms of cable to a 
sunken block, a foot square and heavily leaded, and hove the log 
again and found no perceptible difference in the boat's drift from the 
chip. The common method would be to call this drift a current in the 
opposite direction. 

At 8 p. m., radius of halo round the moon, measured 21°. 

November 3. — The sea-weed, in streaks with the wind, appeared fresh 
and floated low. Saw several dolphins. Kept the lead going. Blowing 
nearly a gale at night, with very rough sea. 

November 4. — Sea heavy ; gale from south ; lying to. 

November 5. — Under moderate sail continued sounding, and searching 
for Dyet's Rocks. The sea is very rough, and favorable for exposing 
sunken rocks near us. 



S. Doc. 59. 11 

November 6. — Calm forenoon. At 8 a. m., a look-out aloft reported 
breakers bearing SSW., which, when examined by an officer with a 
spy-glass, proved to be large patches of sea-weed, which, owing to the 
way the sunlight fell upon it, (with the sun partially obscured to us by 
clouds,) when raised on a wave, the sea around the sea-weed having a 
smooth glassy appearance, looked much like breakers to the naked 
eye, but the illusion was wholly dispelled by the spy-glass. Saw a 
fish alongside much resembling a large flounder. Near noon, renewed 
soundings, with a light variable breeze from southward and eastward. 
At 6 p. m., sounded from a boat with a 321b. shot (without getting bot- 
tom at 550 fathoms) over the supposed position of these rocks, but a 
subsequent investigation showed that this sounding was made 52" of 
arc east of their reported place. Near 8 p. m., measured a halo round 
the moon of 23° radius. Much sea-weed seen to-day. It floated in 
lines with the wind or in large patches, and was of fresh appearance, 
but when taken up and examined, its stems were found dead and brittle 
at the end. 

November 7. — Sounded until the afternoon, when we had too much 
wind and sea. 

November 8. — We are now about 220 miles to the eastward of Ber- 
muda, and have seen to-day several small land birds, and one mother 
Carey's chicken, and but little sea-weed. Continued sounding. At 8 
p. m., concluded our unsuccessful search for Dyet's rocks, (or whales, 
which his description would answer for,) and made sail ibr the False 
Bermudas, distant about 30 leagues to the eastward. 

November 9. — Mustered the crew. Much sea-weed in lines parallel 
to the wind. A heavy sea running. Some dolphin and flying fish 
seen. 

November 10. — But little sea-weed seen. Heavy sea on. Showed 
our colors to an English ship standing to the southward. Sholes of 
flying fish seen occasionally. 

November 11. — At 5h. a. m., broke water thermometer No. 17, and 
got up number 24 in place of it. Saw a shole of flying fish. Noticed 
much sea-weed of fresh appearance floating irregularly. Working up 
against wind and sea to get into the parallel of the 

False Bermudas. 

November 12.— At 6 a. m., commenced sounding and searching for 
the False Bermuda as laid down on the English admiralty variation 
chart of June 23, 1851, in about latitude 32° 10' N., longitude 58° 14' 
W. Laurie's Memoir of the Atlantic, London, 1829, p. 305, quotes 
from Bellin, [probably M. Bellini, who was attached to the depository 
of charts and plans for the French navy, created in 1721, whose hydro- 
graphical labors for a long time enjoyed quite a great reputation,] that 
" about one hundred leagues east of Bermuda," " one Louis Duhal, in 
a corsair," saw a little shelf of rock, the existence of which M. Belhni 
says many doubt, and which he supposes have been mistaken for the 
rocks about Bermuda. Laurie mentions, p. 306, that Captain Bell, of 
the post office packet Francis Freeling, is supposed to have seen these 
rocks about 1810, " in about 33^ 45^ N., and 55° 25' W. j" and adds, 



12 S. Doc. 59. 

that Captain Hurd, [of the royal navy, subsequently hydrographer to 
the admiralty,] who surveyed the Bermudas, did not believe rocks to 
exist in this position, but supposed that some who had advanced by error 
too near the reefs to the east and southeast of Bermuda tooiv them for 
rocks at a much greater distance from land — a supposition rendered 
more than probable from the imperfect means formerly used by many 
navigators. Laurie also mentions, on p. 306, as the probable origin of 
this alleged discovery by Captain Bell, that Mr. Nanldvell, ot" the post 
office packet Freeliiig, returning from Jamaica, June 13, 1811, saw a 
rock with a black top in latitude 35^ 50' N., longitude 56° 0' W., which 
he passed near to without firing at it, or sounding or sending out his 
boat, though the weather was very favorable. Laurie says that Nan- 
kivell was " sadly hoaxed about it," and that " Captain Kirkness, of 
the dispatch packet, passing a short time afterwards in nearly the same 
direction saw several whales sleeping or basking in the sun." 

None of the thousands of vessels which have passed where the cor- 
gair Duhal appears to have located the Bermuda reefs in the early part 
of the last centur}^ or where Nankivell was hoaxed for seeing what 
was probably whales, have in any way confirmed these two ancient 
and conflicting reports. Working up for the Enghsh position against 
a heavy sea and high wind, and in the afternoon being under low sail, 
made more leeway than headway. The height of the highest wave 
observed was nineteen feet. 

November 13. — Made sail at daylight. Heavy swell from northward 
and westward. At 1 p. m., furled sail and took temperatures. Owing 
to the drift and svi^ell some surface water got into the cyhnder at the 
four hundred fathom cast. At 4 p. m., a sail in sight. At 4h. 50m. 
p. m., wind coming fair from westward, steered east, made sail, with 
patent log out, and sounded along the parallel of the False Bermuda. 
At 8h. 40m. p. m., having run rather beyond the extent of our view at 
sunset, shortened sail about four and a half miles west of the vigia, 
according to p. m. observations of the sun for longitude, and of Polaris 
at p. m., twilight, for latitude. 

November 14. — No a. m. twilight observations ; weather cloudy. At 
9 a. m., being by our reckoning on the position of the vigia by the 
admiralty chart of June 23, 1851, furled sail and sounded from the 
vessel with two 32-pound shot and 350 fathoms line, 300 up and down, 
no bottom. The sea was too high and weather too squall}^ for a boat 
to live. At 10 a. m., a vessel standing down for us was soon lost 
sight of in a sudden squall. The wind and sea now increasing fast, 
making further search impracticable, kept away and sounded along 
the parallel of the vigia. 

The astronomical observations subsequently showed that our sound- 
ing at 9 a. m. was rather east of our supposed position at that time, 
though our radius of vision then extended beyond the assigned position 
of the vigia; but with a blow coming on, further delay in that vicinity 
was judged inexpedient, as the Navy Department had already ordered 
the False Bermudas to be expunged from our charts, in consequence 
of the report of Lieutenant Walsh, of the Taney, who had recently 
searched for them. 



S. Doc. 59. 13 

ViGIA OF 1827. 

Novemher 15. — Making a good run ; for the first time ran nine knots 
per hour. At 3 p. m., being on the parallel of the vigia, put over 
patent log and began. sounding. At 6h. lOni. p. m., from good obser- 
vations of the sun at noon for latitude, and in the afternoon for longi- 
tude, we were in latitude 31° 17' N., about the position assigned to 
the "vigia of 1827" on the admiralty chart of June 23, 1851, sounded 
from the brig with all sails furled, with two 32-pound shot and 500 
fathoms of small line, up and down, without getting bottom. No ap- 
pearance of any danger at sunset, when our radius of vision extended 
to the position of this " vigia," for the existence of which we are not in 
possession of any other authority than the charts. Considera.ble sea 
during the day. Saw much sea-weed in lines parallel to the wind, but 
in smaller bunches than usual. 

Novemhei' 16. — Could not get any a. m. twilight observations. The 
latitude at noon showed that our traverse lines of soundings fell to the 
southward of the vigia. Beat up against a fresh wind and rough sea 
to within two or three miles of our sounding last evening on the assigned 
position of the vigia; having a good clear- radius of vision extending 
several miles beyond and around it, kept away, got on, and ran along 
its parallel. Continued our search and soundings to the eastward with- 
out discovering any indications of its existence. Saw much sea-weed 
to-day; generally stale. 

Novernber 17. — Sea-weed to-day in small sprigs ranged in lines with 
the wind. Saw a shole of porpoises and a few flying-fish. Parted the 
main boom at the cleat spike-hole, just outside the topping-lift. It was 
rotten at the heart. The swell from the northward keeps up and seems 
to increase. 

November 18. — Saw sea-weed, both stale and fresh looking. Fitting 
the mainsail to the broken boom. At 4 p. m., furled sail and took 
temperatures and transparency ; but a squall striking the vessel caused 
her to drift and impaired the observations — the cylinders coming up 
horizontally. 

November 19. — Saw much fiesh looking sea-weed in large bunches, 
several sea-birds, and a few flying-fish. At 4h. 20m. p. m., with all 
sails furled, took temperature observations. The casts were up and 
down, but owing to the drift the lines came up at a considerable angle. 
A large swell on. At night saw many shooting stars. 

November 20. — At 2 a. m., entered the western side of the Sargasso 
sea, extending from 18° to 37° N., and from 33° to 43° W., (see 
Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, p. 187,) the supposed recep- 
tacle of the sea-weed and drift deposited by the equatorial. Gulf stream, 
and polar currents. Saw small quantities of stale sea-weed in de- 
tached bunches, sometimes in thin fines pai-allel with the \vind. We 
are getting clear of the gales and heav}'- seas which have troubled us so 
much hitherto on the passage, and now use the patent log in addition 
to the common log. 

November 21. — Saw but little sea- weed ; its leaves are fresh and 
stems decayed, enveloped with a thin coralline coating, and thickly 
studded with small barnacles, and with small crabs in many of the 



14 



S. Doc. 59. 



larger bunches. At sunset the sky was covered with cuto cumulus 
clouds, whose edges were beautifully tinged with vermillion, below 
which were heavy nimbus clouds, presenting a remarkable contrast. 

November 22. — At lOh. 40m. a. m., furled sail, took temperature 
soundings from the brig, and lowered a whale boat for Mr. Hall to take 
a deep "sea sounding and try the currents. The line parted at 500 
fathoms, owing to the quick, short, and irregular sea, which affected 
the boat more th;ui a long swell would have done. No satisfactory 
current observations could be made, as the boat drifted whilst riding to 
an iron pot and 80 fathoms cable. Saw fresh looking sea-weed, but 
with dead stems, in large patches. One grampus and several flying- 
fish seen. At 4h. 12m. p. m., again furled sail, took temperature 
soundings from on board, and Mr. Hall made two unsuccessful efforts 
to sound from the boat : the first time the hue with three shot to it 
fouled the reel and parted ; a squall interrupted the second cast made 
with two shot. At midnight found the patent log choked with sea- 
weed. 

November 23. — Saw more sea-weed than 3-esterday, looking fresh, 
and in lines parallel to the wind. At Oh. 35m. p. m., liirled sail and 
took temperature soundings ; lowered a whale boat for Mr. Hall to get 
a deep sea sounding. The fishing line doubled to 250 fathoms [un- 
waxed] with two 32-pound shot ; parted at 800 fathoms. Rough sea 
and a long swell besides. 

November 23, 1851. 

a. m. 
Latitude 26° 42' 42" N, Q m.; longitude 38° 38' 38" W., © 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Cast.... 


1 12 22 




500 


1 19 27 


1 50.5 


100 


1 13 19 


57 


600 


1 21 37 


2 10 


200 


1 14 28 


1 9 


700 








300 


1 15 58 


1 30 


800 


1 26 1' 


4 24 


400 


1 17 36.5 


1 38.5 









Line parted ; time running, 13m. 39s. 

Tried to get current observations from the boat riding to an iron pot 
with 80 fathoms cable to it : 

Surface trial the chip was set ii, SW. 

At 40 fathoms the buoy bag was set ro WNW. 

At 80 fathoms the buoy bag was set 1^0 NNW. 

These results are the mean of three trials, and give probably the 
drift of the boat in the opposite direction. A large fight bod}^ like a 
whale boat riding to an iron pitch pot with 80 fathoms cable, would 
drift faster than the buoy bag, (to which the chip end of the log line 
was fastened,) weighted with the heavily leaded foot square block sus- 
pended by 80 fathoms of line. At 4 p. m., found that the new tow 



S. Doc. 59. 15 

line of the patent log had twisted up; changed the tow line. Height 
of swell, observed when the stern of the brig was in the trough of the 
sea, was 12 feet. The sea from the northward, which still keeps up, 
interferes with getting successful deep sea soundings in this horse lati- 
tude region, which had been looked forward to as a part of the sea very- 
favorable for an operation which requires a calm smooth time. 

Gandaria Rocks. 

November 24, 25, 26, 27. — Sounding and searching for Gandaria's 
rocks, of which the following account is given in Laurie's Atlantic Me- 
moir : London, 1845, p. 468 : 

" Gandaria Rocks ; lat. 25° 30', and long. 37° 45'. The following 
notice of these rocks appeared in the Gageta de Madrid, May 28, 1842: 
' On Monday, April 18, Captain Gandaria, oi the Spanish merchant 
ship Dolores Ugarte, 107 days from Guaj^aquil, saw from the deck of 
that vessel a group of rocks about a cable length in extent, and in the 
middle of them a large one, high and insulated, on which the sea broke 
violently. The latitude, at the time they were seen, was 25° 29' 55", 
and longitude, by chronometer, 37° 18'. The latitude, observed at 
noon, was 25° 40' 45", and longitude 37° 49' 32" west of Greenwich, 
the vessel being at that time about four miles from the rocks. The ob- 
servations for position may be depended on.' " 

This account appears inaccurate ; it represents that there was IT 
difference of latitude, and 31^' difference of longitude between the posi- 
tion of the Dolores, when*the rocks were seen from her deck, and her 
given position at noon, when the account states that the rocks were 
four miles off, whilst the given noon position shows that they were 11 
miles off in latitude, and 4J in longitude. Searched in the position 
given, and in its vicinity, without seeing an}^ indication of the high-rock 
or of any other danger. 

November 24. — Nine a. m., began running lines of soundings. At 2 
p. m., being by good observations in the position assigned to this vigia, 
furled all sail, took temperatures and transparency observations from 
the brig, and lowered a whale-boat for Mr. Hall to sound with two 321b 
shot, having the fishing line [unw^axed] doubled for the first two hun- 
dred fathoms. Mr. Hall thinks he got bottom at 1720 fathoms, and, 
with the boat thus anchored, he took the surface and under surface 
currents. 



16 S. Doc. 59. 

November 24, 1851. 
Latitude 250 30' 22" N., Q m. ; longitude 37° 43' 56" W., O a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


in. s. 




h. m. s. 


in. s. 


Cast 


2 3 


55 




1,000 


2 23 45 


2 43 


100 


2 4 


47 


52 


1,100 


2 26 25 


2 40 


200 


2 6 





1 13 


1,200 


2 28 50 


2 25 


300 


2 7 


28 


1 28 


1,300 


2 31 31 


2 41 


400 


2 9 


10 


1 42 


1,400 


2 34 42 


3 11 


500 


2 11 


25 


2 15 


1,500 


2 37 50 


3 8 


600 


2 13 


55 


2 30 


1,600 


2 41 30 


3 40 


700 


2 16 


8 


2 13 


1,700 


2 44 55 


3 25 


800 


2 18 


35 


2 27 


1,720 


2 45 10 


15 


900 


2 21 


2 


2 27 









Bottom ; time running, 41m. 15j. 

There was a gentle breeze (3) from W. by N., sea smooth on the 
surface, with about 13 feet of long swell from WNW. According to 
the bearing of the chip from the boat the current at the surface, also at 
40 fathoms depth, set W. by N. at the rate of -^o of a knot per hour, 
and at 80 fathoms depth NW. ti,- Though the 1720 fathoms of small 
fishing line was up and down, and taut, and*the shot to which it was 
attached was believed to be on the bottom, yet the probability is that 
the boat was drifting with or settling to the swell and breeze, and that 
the results found were but the boat's drift in the opposite direction, and 
not current. Such long and small cable would readily stretch enough 
to prevent a good current observation where there is any breeze or 
swell to act on the boat. Whilst sounding, the master, Mr. Barbot, on 
the topsail yard, with a spyglass, carefully examined the sea all around, 
having a clear and extensive field of view, without seeing anything 
unusual. 

A correction has been applied in the abstract log for the errors of the 
chronometers found at Porto Praya. 

November 25. — Saw much gulf weed. 

November 26. — Saw an English barque, and much sea-weed. 

November 27. — Got excellent observations for latitude and longitude 
at a. m. twilight. At morning twilight the objects can be reflected 
when they are bright, and kept near the horizon until it becomes good. 
At evening twilight the horizon is apt to lose its distinctness before the 
star becomes bright enough to be reflected well. Clearness of atmo- 
sphere and smoothness of sea being equal at both times, the observa- 
tion is better made at the morning than at the evening twilight. Saw 
a shole of flying fish. The broad leaf sea-weed floats high and is 
apparently stale. 

At 4h. 40m. p. m., being from the sun at noon, and a. m., time 
sights in the position of the vigia, (the longitude in the abstract is 
derived from the p. m. sights for chronometers corrected back from 



S. Doc. 59. 



IT 



Porto Praya,) furled all sail, took temperature observations from the 
vessel, and lovvered a whale-boat with Lieutenant Commanding Lee 
and Mr. Hall to sound with the fishing-line un waxed. The reel got 
loose on its spindle and stopped running when 1,560 fathoms of line 
were out. The line came up freely when pulled ; supposed it had 
parted before the shot (4 of 32] bs.) reached bottom. 

November 27, 1851. 

Latitude 25° 30' 0" N., © m.; longitude 37° 42' 43" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Cast 


5 19 







900 


5 31 


25 


1 55' 


100 


5 19 


48 


48 


1,000 











200 


5 20 


43 


55 


1,100 


5 35 





3 35 


300 


5 21 


48 


1 5 


1,200 


5 37 


20 


2 20 


400 


5 23 





1 12 


1,300 


5 40 





2 40' 


500 


5 24 


25 


1 25 


1,400 








C 


600 


5 25 


55 


1 30 


1,500 











700 


5 27 


40 


1 45 


1,560 


5 44 


40 


4 40 


800 


5 29 


30 


1 50 











Line parted ; time running, 25m. 40s. ; no bottom. 

We have tried three shot, but found that this weight, with the motion 
of the boat, parts the line quickly. The patent log is not taken up 
until the end of a watch, unless the course is changed, or an observa- 
tion is made in the mean time. When taken up allowance is m.ade for 
the time it is out of water. 

At night left for Gombaud's vigia. 

November 28. — Passed a brig. Saw much sea-weed, apparently 
fresh. At 1 p. m. furled sail, took temperatures, and lowered a boat 
for Mr. Renshaw to get a deep sea sounding with the unwaxed fishing- 
line. Wind light, swell moderate, with slight toppling sea. 1st trial, 
the line parted when 450 fathoms were out, whilst running smoothly 
with three shot, (32s,) 2d trial, line parted at 1,000 fathoms, and when 
running slow with one shot. 



18 S. Doc. 59. 

SECOND TRIAL. 

November 28, 1851. 
'Latitude 25° 04' 0" A'., m.; loiigunde 30° 12' 53" W., Q y. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


1 38 43 




600 


1 49 15 


2 40 


100 


1 39 15 


32 


; 700 








200 


1 40 29 


1 14 


800 


1 55 32 


6 17 


300 


1 42 11 


1 42 


900 


1 58 49 


3 17 


400 


1 44 9 


1 58 


1,000 


2 2 15 


3 26 


500 


1 46 35 


2 26 









Line parted ; time running, 23m. 32s. ; no bottom. 

3d trial the line, with two 32-pound shot, parted, wlien 800 fathoms 
were out, at about 250 fathoms below the surface. 



THIRD TRIAL. 

November 28, 1851. 
Latitide 25° 04' 0" N., Q m.; longitude 36^ 12' 53" W., y. m. 

Boat sounding. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Started... 
100 
200 
300 
400 


h. m s. 
2 26 48 


2 30 15 
2 32 2 


»n. s. 





3 27 

1 47 


500 
600 
700 
Parted . . . 


h. m. s. 
2 34 2 
2 36 3 
2 38 20 
2 40 35 


m. s. 
2 
2 1 
2 17 
2 15 



Time running, 13ni. 47s. ; no bottom. 

In hauling this end in, considerable resistance was felt ; the fracture 
was found to be at a weak place in the line. Mr. Kenshaw then tried 
currents, bat thinks that the boat and pot drifted off tiom the leaded 
block and inflated nipper bags to which it was suspended. 

November 29. — The constant swell we have experienced from the 
northward, and northward and westward, indicates the prevalence of 
heavy blows from those quarters. At 7h. 30m. a. m a rainbow came 
down in a squall of small rain from NW., to within a cable's length of 
the vessel ; the inner bow was a perfect arch, altitude of its centre 23° ; 
the angle between its extremities was 76°. The outer bow was only 
visible in its extremities. The angular distance between the bows was 



S. Doc. 59. 



19 



10°. Saw a vessel; noticed but little sea-weed ; swell from northward 
and westward 12 feet high. At lOh. a. m. crossed the eastern limit 
(according to Laurie's Memoir) of the Sargasso sea. The Dolphin's 
log-book and genercd track chart for the cruise, show that there is no 
good reason either in regard to the deposite of sea-weed or flow of cur- 
rents, for limiting the Sargasso sea to that part of the Atlantic lying be- 
tween the parallels of 18° and 37° N., and the meridians of 33° and 43° 
W. It would appear more reasonable to extend this supposed eddy and 
receptacle of drift to the entire central part of the North Atlantic, within 
the marghis of the polar, equatorial, and Gulf stream currents which 
surround it. Last night, whilst passing to the southw^ard and near the 
intersection of 25° north latitude and 35° west longitude, from whence 
Maury's average limit of the NE. trade winds for November makes an 
elbow extending NW. and E., the wind, which had been moderate 
from SW., became strong (6) and unsteady; hauled round by the 
way of west to NNE. by noon, and became moderate, (4,) and by mid- 
night became steady at NE., contirming, in a remarkable manner, 
Maury's northern limit of the NE. trades. 

November 30. — At 6h. 50m. a. m. furled all sail, took temperature, 
got a specimen of water at 600 fathoms ; sounded from whale boat, 
(Lieutenant Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall.) The sea was perfectly 
smooth on the surface, but there was a large, long, flat swell from the 
northward and westward. 

This is the best day we have yet had for sounding. Made several 
casts from the boat with unwaxed fishing line : Is; trial, the fishing line, 
with three 32s, parted at 300 fathoms. 2d trial, line not doubled, parted 
with two shot at starting. M trial, line doubled for 15 fathoms, parted 
with two shot at 650 fathoms. 

THIRD TRIAL. 

November 30, 1851. 

Latitude 23° 42' 12" N., Q m.; longitude 32° 39' 0" W., © a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


•HI. s. 


Started... 


8 2 


10 




400 


8 6 


44 


1 34 


100 


8 2 


48 


38 


500 


8 8 


30 


1 46 


200 


8 3 


50 


1 2 


600 


8 10 


30 


2 


300 


8 5 


10 


1 20 


649 


8 11 


30 


1 



Line parted ; time running, 9»i. 20s. 

4:th trial, used one shot ; the reel turned clear, and everything was 
favorable for getting a good cast. At 2,180 fathoms the line running 
very slow, checked it to try currents, but the line soon became very 
taut, and parted after a single trial had been made, showing the sur- 
face current to setENE. A of a knot per hour. 



20 S. Doc. 59. 

FOURTH TRIAL. 

November 30, 1851. 
Latitude 23o 42' 12" K, © m.; longitude 32° 39' 0" W., O «• m. 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


in. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


8 14 


32 




1,130 


8 46 


10 


3 55 


30 


8 15 


5 


33 


1,230 


8 50 


20 


4 10 


130 


8 16 


20 


1 15 


1,330 


8 54 


30 


4 10 


230 


8 18 


5 


1 45 


1,430 


8 59 


10 


4 40 


330 


8 20 


10 


2 5 


1,530 


9 3 


35 


4 25 


430 


8 22 


51 


2 41 


1,630 


9 8 


16 


4 41 


530 


8 25 


8 


2 17 


4,730 


9 12 


59 


4 43 


630 


8 28 


20 


3 12 


1,830 


9 17 


49 


4 50 


730 


8 31 


30 


3 10 


1,930 


9 22 


42 


4 53 


830 


8 34 


50 


3 20 


2,030 


9 27 


39 


4 57 


930 


8 38 


30 


3 40 


2,130 


9 32 


42 


5 3 


1,030 


8 42 


15 


3 45 


i 2,180 


9 35 


38 


2 56 



Bottom ; time running, \h. 21hi. 6s. 

Then anchored the boat with an iron pot and 80 fathoms cable, but 
could not perceive any current. The ti ansparency of the sea was ob- 
served with advantage ; the sea was smooth, the weather clear and 
calm, and the block newly painted. We are now becalmed within the 
northern edge of the NE. trades. 

bill trial, doubled the hne for the first 200 fathoms, and used two 
32-pound shot put on 30 fathoms apart. At 2,200 fathoms the line 
stopped running, and when several fathoms h;id been hauled in it be- 
came taut and parted. The officer and pett}'' officers in the boat thought 
we had bottom. This sounding verified the previous sounding with 
one shot. Used this cast a nipper bag without nipper, but a small 
bull's eye instead. 



S. Doc. 59^ 

FIFTH TRIAL. 

November 30, 1851. 



21 



Latitude 23© 41' 12" iV., © m. ; 



32° 39' 5" W., O 



Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started , . . 


11 27 


30 




1,200 


11 51 


15 


2 50 


100 


11 28 


6 


36 


1,300 


11 54 


12 


2 57 


200 


11 29 


19 


1 13 


1,400 


11 57 


22 


3 10 


300 


11 30 


47 


1 28 


1,500 


12 


34 


3 12 


400 


11 32 


29 


1 42 


1,600 


12 3 


55 


3 21 


500 


11 34 


22 


1 53 


1,700 


12 7 


22 


3 27 


600 


11 36 


19 


1 57 


1,800 


12 10 


51 


3 29 


700 


11 38 


28 


2 9 


1,900 


12 14 


37 


3 46 


800 


11 40 


47 


2 19 


2,000 


12 18 


16 


3 39 


900 


11 43 


16 


2 29 


2,100 


12 22 


3 


3 47 


1,000 


11 45 


46 


2 30 


2,200 


12 25 


55 


3 52 


1,100 


11 48 


25 


2 39 


2,214 


12 26 


40 


45 



Line stopped ; bottom at 2,200 ; time running, 59?n, 10s. 

6th trial, used three 32-pouncl shot with a view to further verifica- 
tion. Line tripled 100 fathoms, and doubled 400 fathoms. At 1,200 
fathoms it parted, which was distinctly felt, and the reel stopped run- 
ning. 

SIXTH TRIAL. 

November 30, 1851. 
Latitude 23° 41' 12" N., Q m.; longitude 32° 39' 5" W., Q _p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee and Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


2 29 21? 




700 


2 38 32 


1 52 


100 


2 29 32 


11 


800 


2 40 22 


1 50 


200 


2 30 38 


1 6 


900 


2 42 22 


2 


300 


2 31 51 


1 13 


1,000 


2 44 25 


2 3 


400 


2 33 25 


1 34 


1,100 


2 46 29 


2 4 


500 


2 35 3 


1 38 


1,200 


2 48 41 


2 12 


600 


2 36 40 


1 37 









Line parted ; time runnincr, 19m. 20s. 



22 S. Doc. 59. 

1th trial, with two 32-pound shot, the hne parted at 800 fathoms. 

SEVENTH TRIAL. 

November 30, 1851. 



Latitude 23° 41' 12" N., O vi.; hnmtude 32^ 39' 5" W., 



21. m. 



Boat sounding. — Lieut. Com.manding Lee. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


3 9 







50O 


3 15 


30 


1 40 


100 


3 9 


50 


50 


600 


3 17 


26 


1 56 


200 


3 10 


55 


1 5 


700 


3 19 


28 


2 2 


300 


3 12 


16 


1 21 


800 


3 20 


20? 


52.' 


400 


3 13 


50 













Line parted ; time running, IIhi. 20s. ; no bottom. 

Saw two "fin-back" whales playing around us whilst we were 
sounding, and one passed very near the line. Caught a dolphin, our 
first piscatory prize. The last of the vegetables laid in for the crew at 
New York, more than two months since, were issued to them this day : 
Our stock consisted of 916 pounds of Irish potatoes, and 234 pounds of 
onions ; one pound of vegetables for each man three times a week, in 
lieu of a portion of the salt ration of equal value. These anti-scorbu- 
tics, and the oil-cloth clothes, and sea boots, which the crew were en- 
couraged to get in New York, have kept the men in excellent health, 
notwithstanding the remarkable succession of bad weather which we 
have gone through. 

Gombaud's Rock. 

December 1 and 2. — Sounding and searching for Gombaud's rock in 
"latitude 23° 15' N., and longitude 32° 25' W.," as given in Laurie's 
Memoir of the Atlantic, London, 1845, p. 468, where^'it is said : 

"According to M. Fleurieu this danger was first seen in 1764, hav^ng 
been discovered by Gombaud, the commander of a merchant vessel of 
Rochelle. Upon this authority, and this alone, it has been continued, 
and its existence is, therefore, doubtful." 

December 1. — At 3h. p. m., being from good observations of the sun 
to-day in the position assigned this vigia, furled sail, took temperature 
observations from tlie brig, and lowered a boat for Mr. Hall to get a 
deep sea sounding, who made signal at 4 p. m. that he had got bottom ; 
the hne had ran prettily to, and stopped suddenly at 2,200 fathoms. 
The sea was smooth, air hght ; used two 32-pound shot ; line tripled 
first, 100 fathoms, doubled to 400 fathoms, and unwaxed. 



S. Doc. 59. 23 

December 1, 1851. 
Latitude 23° 15' 3" iV., © m. ; longitude 32° 24' 32" ?F., © _p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


1 

Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


3 9 


15 




1,300 


3 37 


13 


3 6 


100 


3 10 


8 


53 


1,400 


3 40 


20 


3 7 


200 


3 11 


23 


1 15 


1,500 


3 43 


44 


3 24 


300 


3 12 


53 


1 30 


1,600 


3 47 


6 


3 22 


400 


3 14 


37 


1 44 


1,700 


3 50 


31 


3 25 


500 


3 16 


35 


1 58 


1,800 


3 54 


16 


3 45 


600 


3 18 


39 


2 4 


1,900 


3 57 


55 


3 39 


700 


3 20 


52 


2 13 


2,000 


4 1 


45 


3 50 


800 


3 23 


15 


2 23 


2,100 


4 5 


50 


3 55 


900 


3 25 


45 


2 30 


2,200 


4 10 


19 


4 39 


1,000 
1,100 


3 28 
3 31 


31 

20 


2 46 
2 49 










2,300 


4 32 


30 


22 11 


1,200 


3 34 


7 


2 47 











Time running, Ih. Im. 4s. ; Bottom at 2,200 fathoms. 

The line is most apt to twist off near the shot; after the shot is a few 
hundred fathoms below the surface, the line bears the motion of the 
boat better than at starting. At 5h. p. m. made sail. At 8 p. m., hav- 
ing run the extent of our radius of vision at 6 p. m., shortened sail for 
the night. 

December 2. — Continued sounding and searching for the vigia; no 
appearance of any danger visible either yesterday or to-day. Saw 
some sea-weed. Picked up a corked bottle containing no cur. ent pa- 
per, but smelling of wine. Threw over a sealed bottle (previously 
painted white, and dry outside and in) containing our noon position. 
A large flat swell from northward and westward. 

December 3. — Saw three sail to-day, and some sea-weed in line with 
the wind. At 2 p. m. furled sail and took temperature observations. 
The trade winds, which we took in 24^° N. and 34° W., died out, 
when we had run about 120 miles to the southward and eastward ; 
they sprung up again on the second day, but from the southward of east, 
and we did not lose them again, though we ran north to-day nearly to 
the latitude at which we found them on the 29th. 

December 4. — Saw one sail. Heavy sea from the northward and 
eastward, which overrides the tenacious northward and northward and 
westward swell, of which we have had so much. No sea-weed. 

December 5. — At Ih. 35m. p. m., with all sail furled, yards squai'ed, 
&c., took temperature soundings. Saw a riglit whale. 

December 6. — At 9h. 50m. a. m. furled sail, &c. ; took temperature 
observations, and tried to sound from a boat, but the hne soon parted, 
as the sea was short and irregular, and the boat ver}' uneas5^ No sea- 
weed to-day. Saw large quantities of flying fish, whose flight was to 
the northward and eastward — to windward. 

December 7, Sunday. — Called the officers and crew to muster, and 



24 



S. Doc. 59. 



Mr. Renshaw read (in his turn) the articles of war. At lOh. 30m. a. 
m. laid to with furled sail and scjuared yards; took temperature sound- 
ings on board ; made a deep sea cast from a boat, when Mr. Hall 
got bottom at 1,970 fathoms with unwaxed fishing line, and one 
32-pound shot. 

December 7, 1851. 

Latitude 18^ 39' 26" N., Q m.; longitude 25^ 24' 16" W., © a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


711. s. 


Started . . . 


10 48 


27 




1,100 


11 18 35 


3 55 


100 


10 49 


34 


1 7 


1,200 


11 22 44 


4 9 


200 


10 51 


17 


1 43 


1,300 


11 26 35 


3 51 


300 


10 53 


31 


2 14 


1,400 


11 30 33 


3 58 


400 


. 10 56 





2 29 


1,500 


11 35 


4 27 


500 


10 58 


42 


2 42 


1.600 


11 39 5 


4 5 


600 


11 1 


35 


2 53 


1,700 


11 43 40 


4 35 


700 


11 4 


35 


3 


1,800 


11 48 8 


4 28 


800 


11 7 


50 


3 15 


1,900 


11 52 54 


4 46 


900 


11 11 


10 


3 20 


1,970 


11 56 20 


3 26 


1,000 


11 14 


40 


3 30 









Bottom ; time running, 1/t. 7m. 53s. 

[This line, which had been examined and measured at New York, 
had just been carefully re-examined on board in consequence of the 
line used on the 30th ultimo having parted so often, and a bad place 
had to be cut out for about every ten fathoms. The splices made at 
each cut increased the friction.] The sea was irregular and toppHng; 
pulled lightly with one oar on each side to keep the line running up and 
down : up to GOO fathoms often checked the reel, to prevent its deliver- 
ing the line too fast as the boat's bow rose to the sea, wlien the Hne 
would kink and sometimes reel up the wrong way; after that helped 
the shot all the time by pulling the line ofT the reel as in heaving the 
log. It was too fiesh and rough to try currents. At Oh. 30m. p. m. 
made sail, and ran about 30 miles, when laid to under bare poles, and 
took temperature soundings from tlie brig, and a deep sea cast from the 
boat; Mr. Hall got bottom this time at 1,675 fathoms, with two 32- 
pound shot, unwaxed line. 



S. Doc. 59. 25 

December 7, 1851. 

Latitude 18° 19' 14" N., m.; longitude 25° 05' 10" W., Q jy. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


4 5 




900 


4 21 14 


2 21 


100 


4 5 53 


53 


1,000 


4 23 40 


2 26 


200 • 


4 7 8 


1 15 


1,100 


4 26 17 


2 37 


300 


4 8 39 


1 31 


1,200 


4 29 54 


3 37 


400 


4 10 20 


1 41 


1,300 








500 


4 12 15 


1 55 


1,400 


4 36 19 


6 25 


600 


4 14 2 


1 47 


1,500 


4 39 35 


3 16 


700 


4 16 3 


2 1 


1,600 


4 42 56 


3 21 


800 


4 18 53 


2 50 


1,675 


4 46 6 


3 10 



Bottom ; time running, 41m. 6s. 

Restrained the turning of the reel up to 300 fathoms ; used no fric- 
tion, but occasionally assisted its turning between 300 and 500 fathoms, 
and all the time after that. Kept the boat up so that the line would 
run up and down by continually pulling slightly with two oai's. After 
sounding broke the line. Whilst returning on board found, by heaving 
the log from the boat, that the bare brig had drifted one mile to lee- 
ward in one hour. • Saw a large number of flying fish and small sea 
birds to-day. 

December 8. — Saw a great many flying fish scared up by the vessel, and 
some Mother Carey's chickens. At 4h. 20m. p. m. furled sail and took 
deep sea temperatures ; the lines came in slowly, and at a great in- 
clination; it took 7| minutes to sink the cylinder 400 fathoms, and Ih. 
30m. to get it in with the winch ; which machine has the advantage of 
keeping the men's clothing dry, but gives the result so slowly as to in- 
jure the observations ; it is much quicker work to haul in the line by 
hand; but besides making the men wet and sick, in deep casts, their 
hands become soft and torn by the wet line, which is stiff" from the 
strain upon it. 

December 9. — Saw two sails, one of them a Neapolitan ship. Saw 
many flying fish. Passed a large piece of timber; some sea birds were 
upon and around it. The spindle of the binnacle compass became loose, 
screwed it tight. Too rough to lower a boat. Find it difficult to work 
this brig, now light, with a rough bow s; a in twelve points ; four pick- 
ed men do all the steering, and constant vigilance is used to have them 
steer accurately and to prevent drift, from steering too close to the wind, 
which would vitiate the results of the comparisons required for ascer- 
taining the set and rate of the current. In working up make no allow- 
ance to the courses steered and distance run, except for carefully ob- 
served leew-ay and variation, [Under this s}- stem the interesting result 
has been conspicuously disclosed, (see our general track chart and 
abstract log,) that what is commonly called current is only drift or 
lee-set. In time, with careful navigation, practical tables ma}^ be made, 



26 



S. Doc. 59. 



showing the correction, from this cause, of the run for all parts of the 
sea, according to the weather, the class of vessel, and when going free, 
or full and by.] 

December 10. — At 9h. 20m. a. m. brought by the wind under bare 
poles ; took temperature soundings from the vessel, and a deep sea cast 
from the boat; Mr. Hall reports that he certainly got bottom at 1,612 
fathoms, with two 32-pound shot, unwaxed line. The sea was long 
and tolerably regular. 

December 10, 1851. 

Latitude 18^ 11' 23" iV., m.; longitude 23° 48' 28" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


5. 


m. s. 


Started... 


9 54 


17 




900 


10 10 


27 


2 20 


100 


9 55 


12 


55 


1,000 


10 13 





2 33 


200 


9 56 


28 


1 16 


1,100 


10 15 


40 


2 40 


300 


9 58 





1 32 


1,200 


10 18 


18 


2 38 


400 


9 59 


45 


1 45 


1,300 


10 21 


10 


2 52 


500 


10 1 


38 


1 53 


1,400 


10 23 


47 


2 37 


600 


10 3 


39 


2 1 


1,500 


10 26 


35 


2 48 


700 


10 5 


50 


2 11 


1,600 


10 29 


40 


3 5 


800 


10 8 


7 


2 17 


1,612 


10 30 


15 


35 



Bottom ; time running, 35hi. 58s. 

December 11. — At 9 a. m., with furled sail, got temperature observa- 
tions, and made a deep sea cast from a boat, when Mr. Hall got bot- 
tom at 1,370 fathoms; used two 32-pound shot, and unwaxed line. 
The boat took in much water, as the sea, though small, was broken. 

December 11, 18-51. 

Latitude 17° 34' 31" N., O m.; Irmgitude 22° 50' 27" W., O a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M, 


Intervals. 


Fatiioms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


in. s. 




h. m. s. 


7n. s. 


Started - . . 


9 28 


30 




800 


9 41 45 


2 11 


100 


9 29 


35 


1 5 


900 


9 44 


2 15 


200 


9 30 


50 


1 15 


1,000 


9 46 29 


2 29 


300 


9 32 


18 


1 28 


1,100 


9 49 3 


2 34 


400 


9 33 


53 


1 35 


1,200 


9 51 49 


2 46 


500 


9 35 


36 


1 43 


1,300 


9 54 42 


2 53 


600 


9 37 


35 


1 59 


1,370 


9 56 52 


2 10 


700 


9 39 


34 


1 59 









Bottom ; time running, 28?n. 225. 



S. Doc. 59. 



27 



The last four casts show that we can saund whenever it is not too 
rough to manage a boat, and that the size of line we have will carry 
two 32-pouud shot when free of weak places. During the last five 
casts the nipper bag has been dispensed with, and substituted a small 
smooth bull's eye held in the hand; the line would get foul in the 
roller of the nipper, and the nipper bag would drift off, and prevent 
our seeing that the line ran up and down. At lOh. 45m. a. m. dis- 
covered the island of Sal. At noon, the peak of Martinez bore S. 43° 
W. by the azimuth compass, mounted on its stand above the steering 
compass. 

December 12. — At 7h. a, m. a large shole of porpoises came from the 
southward and westward ; saw a bonita jump out of water when chased 
by them; they played round the brig, until one of them was struck 
with the harpoon and escaped, when they all left and went off to the 
northward and eastward — to windward. Saw quantities of flying fish, 
and a Danish vessel. 

December 13. — At Oh. 42m. p. m. brought by the wind and furled all 
sail. Took temperature soundings from the brig, and a deep sea sound- 
ing from a whale boat, using unwaxed line. The sea was smooth, and 
the breeze (5) fresh. 

December 13, 1851. 

a. m. 

Latitude 16° 29' 31" N., O m.; lon^tude 20° 58' 1" W., Q 

° p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




/). m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


1 2 


40 




1,100 


1 23 


44 


2 35 


100 


1 3 


35 


55 


1,200 


1 26 


26 


2 42 


200 


1 4 


50 


1 15 


1,300 


1 29 


15 


2 49 


300 


1 6 


25 


1 35 


1,400 


1 32 


10 


2 55 


400 


1 8 


7 


1 42 


1,500 


1 35 


10 


3 


500 


1 10 





1 53 


1,600 


1 38 


16 


3 6 


600 


1 12 





2 


1,700 


1 41 


25 


3 9 


700 


1 14 


2 


2 2 


1,800 


1 44 


42 


3. 17 


800 


1 16 


19 


2 17 


1,900 


.1 48 


10 


3 28 


900 


1 18 


31 


2 12 


1,944 


1 49 


14 


1 4 


1,000 


1 21 


9 


2 38 











Bottom ; time running, 46m. 34s. 



Mr. Hall reports that he was making the cast with his own hands, 
when the two 32-pound shot struck bottom at 1,941 filhoms; he felt 
it instantaneously, and that after waiting ten minutes for the boat to 
settle to the shot and line, he hove the log, having the oars laid in, and 
found the surface current, from the mean of 12 agreeing trials, to set 
ESE. 1-0 of a knot per hour, the boat heading between ]N. and NNE., 
and the wind being NE. by E., whicli he thought prevented its swing- 
ing. The under currents were tried by heaving the log, having the 
foot square leaded block suspended at the given depth to two inflated 
canvas nipper bags, and the log line made fast to a stra}'- fine secured 



28 S. Doc. 59. 

to the block. The fishing-hne cable pa ted before these observations 
were entirely completed. Though unfavorable, this has been the best 
day we have had for taking current observations since November 30; 
the observations are doubtless effected by drift, or settling of boat. No 
appearance of tide rips, or any disturbance or discoloration of the water 
[hitherto supposed to prevail hereabouts] was visible during the day. 

December 14. — At 7h. 35m. a. m. saw many flying fish, and some 
petrel. The sea looked disturbed on its surface. At 8h. 40m. a. m. 
clewed up, furled, and laid to ; took temperature soundings from the 
brig, and deep sea soundings from a boat, with the unwaxcd fishing 
line. The transparency observed from the vessel was obtained with a 
56-pound lead, and also with a foot square block leaded at the bottom; 
both were painted white : the former was not visible below 9, and the 
latter below 15 fathoms. This block, unless otherwise mentioned, was 
always used for obtaining the transparency. The smoothness or rough- 
ness of the sea, and the degree of whiteness of the block, the paint on 
which soon becomes somewhat discolored, always affects this obser- 
vation. 

Mr. Hall reported, on the first trial, his Ime parted with two shot 
when 600 fathoms were out. 

FIRST TRIAL. 

December 14, 1851. 

Latitude 160 34' 10" N., Q m. ; longitude 20 ^ 47' 36" W., Q a. ?n. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


7/1. s. 


Started . . . 


9 16 


50 




400 


9 22 


28 


1 47 


100 


9 17 


48 


58 


500 


9 24 


24 


1 56 


200 


9 19 


6 


1 18 


600 


9 26 


24 


2 


300 


9 20 


41 


1 35 











Line parted ; time running, 9m. 34s. ; no bottom. 

Hauling in the line he ascertained that a bad spot in the line had 
been overlooked in the recent and second examination of it. 

On the second trial, with one shot, sea rough and combing, but not 
very high, Mr. Hall reports that he got bottom at 1,875 fathoms. 



S. Doc. 59. 29 

SECOND *rRIAL. 

December 14, 1851. 
Latitude 16° 34' 10" N., G m.; longitude 20° 47 36" W., © a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


9 45 


46 




1,000 


10 9 30 


3 20 


100 


9 46 


44 


58 


1,100 


10 13 


3 30 


200 


9 48 


15 


1 31 


1,200 


10 16 35 


3 35 


300 


9 50 


4 


1 49 


1,300 


10 20 38 


4 3 


400 


9 52 


10 


2 6 


1,400 


10 25 


4 22 


500 


9 54 


30 


2 20 


1,500 


10 29 20 


4 20 


600 


9 57 


50 


3 20 


1,600 


10 33 41 


4 21 


700 


9 59 


50 


2 


1,700 


10 38 2 


4 21 


800 


10 2 


8 


2 18 


1,800 


10 42 30 


4 28 


900 


10 6 


10 


4 2 


1,875 


10 45 45 


3 15 



Bottom ; time running, 597Ji. 59s. 

In the afternoon, sea rough, and nothmg unusual in the appearance 
of the water. 

Emily's Rock and Shoal. 

December 15. — Sounding and searching lor the Emily's Bonetta rock 
and shoal. On the title leaf of Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, 
this notice is given : 

"A r^k and shoal, in latitude 16° 59' N., longitude 21° 30' W., is 
stated to have been discovered by the master of the brig Ej/iiltj, of Lon- 
don. This rock (which would be about 85 miles NE. of Bonavista) is 
stated to be about 2 feet above water, and 12 yards long, and of a gray 
color ; the shoal extended from , the rock about 2^- cables length, and 
one in breadth, running due east." 

Supplement to the Globe, September 30, 1845 : 

" This would seem to be an addition to the oft repeated reports of 
the Bonetta rock, which have reappeared with such pertinacity as al- 
most to lead to the belief of its existence." 

At da3dight one sail in sight; at 7h. 30m. a. m. took temperature 
soundings, having all sail furled at the time. Between lOh. a. m. and 
Oh. 20ni. p. m. sounded along the parallel of this reported danger, pass- 
ed over the position assigned it, kept a bright lookout below and aloft, 
with and without spy. glasses, but saw no sign of any rock or shoal. 
The day was clear and very favorable for this examination, and we 
had many good astronomical observations ; all of our positions in lon- 
gitude were corrected by observations made shortly afterwards at Porto 
Praya. These corrections threw the deep sea soundings of to-day 
(when Mr. Hall got bottom from a boat at 1,580 ti;ithoms, using two 
32-pound shot, and the unwaxed fishing line) to the westward of our 
supposed position on the alleged place of this shoal, (but our line of 



30 



S. Doc. 59. 



soundings ran over and extended along its parallel both east and west 
of its assigned position.) 

December 15, 1851. 

Latitude 16o b*^ 0" A^., O m.; hnsitnde 21° 38' 2" W., O ^^^ 

° y. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


12 42 39 




900 


12 58 53 


2 18 


100 


12 43 34 


55 


1,000 


1 1 20 


2 27 


200 


12 44 50 


1 16 


1,100 


1 4 2 


2 42 


300 


12 46 20 


1 30 


1,200 


1 6 42 


2 40 


400 


12 48 


1 40 


1,300 


1 9 28 


2 46 


500 


12 50 14 


2 14 


1,400 


1 12 19 


2 51 


600 


12 52 


1 46 


1,500 


1 15 19 


3 


700 


12 54 16 


2 16 


1,580 


1 18 


2 41 


800 


12 56 35 


2 19 









Bottom ; time running, 357n. 21s. 

We were then running by the mean of the three chronometers, which 
appeared (chiefly from the distant bearing we had of Martinez peak on 
the 11th) to be most correct. The mean of our five chronometers, by 
which our positions previously had been determined, proved to be but 
sUghlly in error on the meridian of Porto Pra3"a, being but 1' 51" of arc 
too far west — the proportion of which correction has been applied to 
our results given in the accompanying abstract log, from the mean of 
all the chronometers. 

When the sounding was made, and the boat settled to leeward, the 
cross sea soon broke the line. The contract line with which we sound, 
furnished at New York, has many bad places in it, requiring very care- 
ful and tedious overhauhng, and then it is often impossible to detect all 
the bad places. The defective quality of our line has caused the loss 
of many shot, and many failures in getting soundings. 

December 16. — At 6h. a. m., with sails furled, took temperature 
soundings from the brig, and got bottom from a boat, (Mr. Hall,) at 
1,220 fathoms, on the second trial, the line having parted on the first 
trial at 700 fathoms : used two 32-pound shot, unwaxcd fine, on each 
occasion. 



S. Doc. 59. 31 

FIRST TRIAL. 

December 16, 1851. 
Latitude 15° 24' 8" N.y Q m. ; longitude 21° 46' 48" W., O a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


: Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


! m. s. 


1 


h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


6 45 


54 




400 


6 51 


12 


1 17 


100 


6 46 


52 


i 58 


500 j 


6 53 


10 


1 58 


200 


6 48 


6 


1 1 14 


600 1 


6 55 


13 


2 3 


300 


6 49 


55 


1 1 49 


700 i 


6 57 


20 


2 7 



Line parted ; time iimning, 11m. 26s. ; no bottom. 



SECOND TRIAL. 

December 16, 1851. 
Latitude 15° 24' 8" N., Qm.; longitude 21° 46' 48" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoijfis. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . , . 


7 15 53 




700 


7 27 54 


2 42 


100 


7 16 12 


19? 


800 


7 29 10 


1 16 


200 


7 17 22 


1 10 


900 


7 31 32 


2 22 


300 


7 18 46 


1 24 


1,000 


7 34 5 


2 33 


400 


7 20 27 


1 41 


1,100 


7 36 44 


2 39 


500 


7 23 15 


2 48 


1,200 


7 39 23 


2 39 


600 


7 25 12 


1 57 


1,220 


7 40 


37 



Bottom ; time running, 247/1. 7s. 

Saw a great many flying fish. At 4h. 30m. p. m. again furled sail, 
and took temperatures, and Mr. Hall got bottom from a boat at 1,380 
fathoms, with one 32-pound shot, unwaxed line. 



32 S. Doc. 59. 

December 16, 1851. 
Latitude 15° 09' 20" N., O m.; longitmle 22° 28' 48" JV., © p- m. 



JOAT SOUNDING. Mil. HaLL. 



Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. J. 


Started . . . 


4 45 


6 




800 


5 2 45 


3 


100 


4 46 


10 


1 4 


900 


5 5 55 


3 10 


200 


4 47 


52 


1 42 


1,000 


5 9 10 


3 15 


300 


4 49 


45 


1 53 


1,100 


5 12 29 


3 19 


400 


4 52 





2 15 


1,200 


5 16 


3 31 


500 


4 54 


26 


2 26 


1,300 


5 19 39 


3 39 


600 


4 57 


5 


2 39 


1,380 


5 22 50 


3 11 


700 


4 59 


45 


2 40 









Bottom ; time running, 37ot. 44s. 

The surface current, from six trials with the boat anchored by this 
long cable, appeared to set WSW. ^o knot per hour ; the sea was tol- 
erably smooth and breeze moderate (4) ; the result is not reliable, iiom 
the obvious instability of the assumed stationary point, the boat. Bent 
the cables under short sail during the night. 

December 17. — At dayhght saw the island of Mayo ; made sail. At 
7h. 35m. a. m. furled sail, took temperatures Iiom brig, and got bottom 
from boat (Mr. Hall) at 1,120 fathoms, with one 32-pound shot, un- 
waxed line. 

December 17, 1851. 

Latitude 15° 08' 0" N., Q m.; longitude 22° 56' 57" W., O a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


7/1. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


8 16 54 




700 


8 32 47 


2 52 


100 


8 17 55 


1 1 


800 


8 35 4 


2 17 


200 


8 21 


3 5 


900 


8 38 13 


3 9 


300 


8 22 55 


1 55 


1,000 


8 41 52 


3 39 


400 


8 25 


2 5 


1,100 


8 45 20 


3 28 


500 


8 27 22 


2 22 


1,120 


8 46 


40 


600 


8 29 55 


2 33 









Bottom ; time running, 29»i. Gs. 

At noon, saw two sail at anchor in English Harbor. At Oil. 30m. p. 
m., between Ma3'o and St. lago, furled sail, tried temperatures, and 
Mr. Hall got bottom from a boat at 790 fathoms, using unwaxed line 
and two 32-pound shot. • 



S. Doc. 59. 33 

December 17, 1851. 
Latitude 15° 02' 57" p A^., m.; longitude 23° 12' 51" W., Q a. m. 

Boat soundin'g. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


1 1 
j Fathoms, j 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


j ! 




m. s. 




Started... 


12 53 26 




! 500 i 




35 


1 50 


100 








1 600 I 




2 34 


1 59 


200 


12 55 38 


2 12 


1 700 




4 44 


2 10 


300 


12 57 8 


1 30 


790 




6 35 


1 51 


400 


12 58 45 


1 37 











Bottom ; time running, 13m. 9s. 

At 4h. 17m. p. m. anchored at Porto Praya in 7^ fathoms water, 
sandy bottom, \vith 35 fathoms chain, after a boisterous and laborious 
surveying cruise of 71 days from Sandy Hook. 

We are gratified to find that the Germantown, Captain Nicholas, 
(the flag-ship of Commodore Lavalette, commanding the African squad- 
ron ;) the John Adams, Captain Barron; the Dale, Captain Pearson; 
and the Porpoise, Captain Lardner, are here, and the store ship, just 
arrived from the United States, from which we are to draw supplies. 
Several whale ships recently arrived here from the United States, com- 
plain much of the severely bad weather they encountered. 
3 



34 S. Doc. 59. 



CHAPTER III. 

Rate the chronometers — Sickness at Porto Praya — Receive wood, water, provisions, and 
stores — Growing importance of the Cape de Verde islands to commerce — Leave Porto 
Praya — Touch at Brava — Slave vessel — Current bottles — Tlie NE. trades die out on tlie 
parallel mentioned by Lieutenant Maury — Unsuccessful search for French shoals — Lumi- 
nous sea resembling shoals — Pandora's sounding — Doubtful sounding by Captain Denham, 
R. N. — Wire unfit for sounding — Sounding with small waxed fisiiing line from a boat kept 
over the lead recommended — Take many deep sea soundings. 

At anchor in Porto Praya, St. lago, Cape dc Verde islands, tiom 
December 18, 1851, to January 2, 1852. 

Mr. Barbot, (the master,) aided by Mr. Mayo, determined tlit- error 
and rates of the chronometers, by observations of the sun, with sextant 
and artificial horizon on the beach at the landing on the northern part 
of Quail island, in this harbor, in latitude 14^ 54' N., and longitude 23° 
30' 45" W. The mean of our five chronometers, brought forward by 
their errors and rates ascertained at New York, gave tht; longitude of 
Quail island 1' 51"iVo hi arc west of the above determination given by 
Lieutenant Paper, R. N., in his admirable work on navigation. Adopt- 
ing Lieutenant Paper's determination, a correction has been applied to 
the determinations made during the cruize from New York \wrc. The 
observations made here for determining the deviation of the; compasses 
were not satisfactory, as the fresh and fiavvy breeze from over the . 
heights, under which the vessel is anchored, made it impossible to 
steady her head, and the bad liolding ground occasioned dragging when 
riding at short scope, though with both anchors down. 

The Germantown's launch, manned by kroomen, (sometimes written 
crewmen,) delivered our wood, water, provisions, and stores. This 
judicious arrangement of Commodore Lavalette's caused the Dolphin 
to leave port with a healthy crew to encounter the exposure belorc us. 
Each man-of-war, of the African squadron, is allowed to ship a i'cw of 
these kroomen on the coast, a hardy, obliging, and temperate set of 
negroes, who do all the drudgery of boat dut}^ whilst the vessel is on 
the coast, and rejoice in the navy ration and pav they receive tor ser- 
vices, which, by preventing the exposure of our men, preserves their 
health. 

The sickness here, from which there is now a good deal of" moriahty, 
resembles the coast fever. 

By a general order of the squadron, all officers are prevented from 
staying on shore after sunset ; and the crews of our public vessels are 
not allowed to go on shore to frolic. A disregard of these precautions 
had introduced the fever on board of some of our cruiz(?rs, and occa- 
sioned considerable loss of life. 

Money was issued to the Dolphin's crew, which enabled tliem to 
enjoy a good Christmas dinner on board, and to procure some luxuries 
to take to sea with them. Two of our men, inflamed bv their Christmas 
frolic, and tlie liquor then smuggled on board, deserted that night with 
our little metalHc life-boat, and were observed the next morning going 
to leeward, towards Fogo island. 



S. Doc. 59. 35 

Procured some live stock, fruit, &c., for issue to the crew. 

The Island of St. lago is high, rugged, and volcanic; it is l^arren, 
except in the valleys, where fruit, vegetables, and live stock are raised 
in quantities sufficient for the wants of vessels touching here occasion- 
ally for such supplies. This island affords no firewood ; that which 
we"^ got was brought up in the United States ship Dale from Liberia. 
The water is tolerably good, and is delivered through pipes at the 
beach for half a cent per gallon; the kroomen float it off in casks 
through the surf The harbor is not spacious, and the holding ground 
is not good, being of the consistency of sand and ashes. A dry haze 
hangs over the island, and the dust from its high, dry, and naked hills, 
fills the atmosphere and lands on board. 

Porto Grande, St. Vincent's island, is esteemed the best bay in this 
group of islands; it is deficient in water. The Enghsh mail steamer, 
running between Southampton and Brazil, has a coal depot there, and 
from recent causes of increased exposure, there is now much mortality 
among the inhabitants, though the place was previously considered re- 
markable for its salubrity. At Terrafal bay, St. Antonio island, it is 
reported that there is plenty of water and some wood. The soundings 
extend one-third of a mile from shore, from 40 fathoms at the edge of 
the bank, to 20 fathoms within three-fourths of a cable's length of the 
surf This group of islands is of growing importance to commerce, 

January 3. — Having rated the chronometers and filled up with pro- 
visions and water, got underway to resume the duty of the cruize, hav- 
ing received much professional assistance and personal kindness from 
our brother officers of the African squadron, v/hilst at Porto Praya. 
When leaving the harbor a vessel coming in, and just from Fogo is- 
land, informed us that our metallic life-boat was in the hands of the 
custom-house officers there. At noon furled sail, took temperature 
soundings, and made three casts for deep sea soundings from a boat, 
but the line parted at 500, and again at 680 fathoms, and there was no 
more on the reel when 900 fathoms were run out on the third trial; 
used unwaxed line, two 32-pound shot the first, and one on the second 
and third trials. 

FIRST TRIAL. 

.January 3, 1852. 



(/.. 



Latitude 14° 45' 55" N., © m. ; longitude 23° 50' 24" W., Q 

p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. \ 

1 


Time P. M. 


j Intervals. 


1 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervala. 


! 

Started... 
100 i 
200 
300 1 

i 


Ii. m. s. 
12 36 10 
12 37 8 
12 38 IG 
12 39 39 


! m. s. 
i 

58 

1 08 

1 1 23 


i 
i 

! 
1 

i 


o oo o 


h. in. s. 
12 41 10 
12 42 55 
12 44 44 
12 4G 03 


1 31 
I 45 
1 49 
1 19 



I^iiie parted ; time running, 9m. 53s. : no bottom. 



36 






S. Doc. 59. 














THIRD 


nUAL. 








I 

Fathoms, i 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. | 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


1 


h. m. 




m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started.. .; 


1 38 


07 




500 


1 47 


47 


3 34 


100 j 


1 39 


05 


58 


600 


1 51 


29 


3 42 


200 ! 


1 40 


27 


1 22 


700 


- 1 54 


21 


2 52 


300 i 


1 42 


13 


1 46 


800 


1 57 


28 


3 7 


400 


1 44 


13 


2 , 


900 


1 59 


40 


2 12 




Lino 


parted ; 


time runnin 


g, 21m. 33s. ; 


no bottom. 







We had been obliged, at New York, to lake the h'ne which the con- 
tractors furnished, most of wliich was very defective, rather than wait 
for months to get more. 

January 4, (Sunday.) — Called all hands, mustered the cn^vv, and 
Mr. Danels read the articles of war to the officers and men. Off the 
small town of Luz, at mid-day, sent Mr. Hall to w;iit on the authorities 
and recover our boat; he returned with it, and with protests made b}^ 
our deserters [who are now on the island of Brava opposite] before the 
United States consular agent, who is a native, in which they made oath 
that they were not American citizens ; that thej' had come a long way 
by sea in so small a boat, because, wliilst they had been sent below to 
stop a leak in a sinking American merchant vessel, to which they be- 
longed, the captain and mate had taken the long boat and pushed off 
with their effects, leaving them to their fate. The object of this false 
swearing was probably to prevent arrest, on suspicion of being deserters 
from our squadron at Porto Pra3^a. 

This island is one volcanic mountain, rising some 9,700 feet above 
the sea, and ending in a peak with a crater at the top of it, the erup- 
tions from which have sometimes driven oft' the inhabitants. We saw 
many small craters on the southern and eastern sides, which are bar- 
ren, and deep cut with gullies made by the lava. The western side is 
cultivated around to the northward of the village of Luz. Some live 
stock, fruit, and vegetables may bt^ got. The open anchorage and 
landing are both bad, and water is scarce. 

January 5. — Laid to last night between Fogo and Brava; at 7 a. m. 
hove to off Oven harbor, a small cove on the norrhc^ast side of the island of 
Brava, where Lieutenant Commanding Lee, Dr. Gould, and Mr. Mayo 
landed ; they found a Portugese brig of war, secured with hawsers, be- 
hind the large rock forming Oven harbor, with a Brazilian slave prize 
recently seized at St. lago, a beautiful model, (Baltimore clipper built,) 
which the man-ot-war has come to conduct to Lisbon. Mounted on 
horses and mules we climbed this steep and rugged island, to the small 
but beautiful level near its top, which is backed by lofty and well cul- 
tivated heights. On this pictures(juc spot the gov(Mnor general of the 
Cape de Verde islands, Don Foriunato Jose Barreiros, brigadier in the 
Portugese army, resides, surrounded by neighbors with good farms 
and hiuidsome gardens, abounding in tropical trees and fruits. Break- 
fasted with the governor and his lamily at noon, and were regaled with 
some delicious coffee, the growth of this island. Learned from the gov- 



S. Doc. 59. 37 

ernor that the crater of Fogo, in full view before him, had not emitted 
anything but smoke since 1847. Thanked the governor for the com- 
pliment he had shown to our flag in having our men fed by the brig-of- 
war in the harbor, upon their report that the}^ were just from a foun- 
dering American merchant vessel, but desired him to take no further 
care of them, as the}- were deserters from our vessel, had just fled from 
the harbor on our approach to it, and had recently voluntarily sworn 
that they were not American citizens. The acting consular agent here, 
also a native, said he had previously heard of their deposition at Luz, 
and would not now put the United States to any expense on their ac- 
count. 

There is probably no branch of our public expenditure which is more 
impolitic and unnecessary than the growing approjDriation for the relief 
of the so-called "destitute American seamen abroad." It is an en- 
couragement to bad masters to persecute and drive off" good seamen, 
shipped at high wages, with money due them, which the\- forfeit, by 
the desertion, to owners, when substitutes can be got; or it is an in- 
ducement to sailors to quit, and thus cripple a vessel, and sacrifice 
their wages for a frolic, then to receive relief from the United States by 
a neighboring consul imposed upon with a tale of distress ; it is an en- 
couragement to that class of consular agents who are actively engaged, 
or individually interested in commercial houses, to wink at the oppres- 
sion practised by some merchant captains upon their crews, and at the 
abuse of bringing out sick relatives or friends for the benefit of a sea 
voyage, to be cared for and returned at the expense of the government ; 
and is an inducement to that other and numerous host of foreigners, 
acting as agents to consuls, to construct cases and expenses which 
never occurred. Eet merchant owners and masters on the one hand, 
and merchant seamen on the other, be regarded only as other Ameri- 
cans engaged in business abroad, receiving neither more nor less pro- 
tection and provision from our government, and leaving emplo^-ers and 
the employed to make their own bargains with each other, the fulfil- 
ment of which they have legal means of enforcing. 

Fruits and vegetables, especiallv pumpkins, which keep well, seemed 
plentiful here, and at reasonable prices. Wood and water were scarce. 
This island is considered very healthy ; it must be a preferable resi- 
dence to St. lago. At 4 p. m. we returned on board, and made sail 
on our course. At 6h. 10m. p. m. the wind became flawy and baffling, 
as we passed from under the lee of Fogo island. Observed aiAappear- 
ance on the v/ater resembling a tide rip, or a line of surf; it was occa- 
sioned by a ray of light from the moon shov/ing through an opening in 
a cloud. A " vigia" maker would have reported a reef or shoal here. 

January 6. — At lOh. 40m. a. m. took temperature soundings with 
furled sails ; Mr. Hall attempted a deep sea cast from a boat, with un- 
waxed line and two 3.2-pound shot, but the line parted at 680 fathoms. 



8 S. Doc. 59. 

January 6, 1852. 
Latitude 130 v 30" .v., © m.; hv git ii d c 22^ 57' 42" U., 

Boat Soun'dknc;. — Mr. Ham.. 



1 

Fathoms, i 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 

1 


Fathoms. \ 

t i 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


i 


h. 


m. 


5. 


m. s. 




/.. HI. 


s. 


m. i. 


Started...! 


11 


2 


4;') 




400 


11 7 


.30 


1 30 


100 


11 


:\ 


37 


; 52 


500 


11 9 


10 


1 1 40 


200 


11 


4 


42 


1 5 


600 


11 10 


55 


, 1 45 


300 


11 


6 





1 18 


680 


11 12 





1 1 5 



Line parted ; time running, dm. 15s. ; no bottom. ^ 

Sea rough, with .•^onio high combers. The deep .sea hnes used in 
taking tempcralures came up with much inchnation ; there will always 
be some drift when brought by the wind with sails furled, yards square, 
and helm down, except when it is calm and smooth, :md there is no 
current, a rare condition. This observation, theret()re, can best be 
made when cylinders are to be used instead of" self-registering metallic 
thermometers, by means of a boat where the line can be kept perpen- 
dicular with the oars. This sounding would require a separate boat, 
and the main difficulty with us would have been from. the want of men 
enough, in a five-oared whale boat, to haul in a stout deep sea line, 
lead, and cylinder, quickly, so as to give the temperature of water in 
the cylinder as little affected as possible by that thiipugh which it had 
passed, whilst liaving at least two oars manned to keep the boat over 
the Hue, and give the true depth of the observation. In the boat the 
motion would open the valves of the cylinder, except when the sea is 
perfectly smooth. [The very inaccurate and contradictory deep sea 
temperatures obtained with the self-registering fluid thermometer, (en- 
closed in a glass globe,) used in the United States surveymg brig Wash- 
ington, in 1847, caused me, then commnuding that vessel, to urge the 
adoption of the self-registering metallic thermometer ; unfJirtunately, 
none of these could be obtained for the present cruize.] 

January 7. — Obser\'ed a total eclipse of the moon. At 6 a. m. furled 
sail, toc^ temperature soundings, and Mr. Danels mude two casts, each 
with two -32-pound shot and the same sized fishing line, imwfLxed. 
The line, which was running well, stopped at 1," >') fiithoms the first 
cast, and 1,120 fathoms the second. 



S. Doc. 59, 



39 



FIRST CAST. 

January 7, 1852. 
Latitude 11° 7 15" N., Q m. ; longitude 21° 56' 54" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s 


m. s. 




h. m. s. ■ 


m. s. 


Started... 


6 33 54 




700 


6 44 29 


1 52 


100 


6 35 10 


1 16 


800 


6 46 27 


1 58 


200 


6 36 20 


1 10 


900 


6 48 35 


2 8 


300 


6 37 38 


1 18 


1,000 


6 50 50 


2 15 


400 


6 39 10 


1 32 


1,100 


6 53 16 


2 26 


500 


6 40 50 


1 40 


1,600 


6 55 


1 44 


600 


6 42 37 


1 47 









Bottom ; time running, 2l7?i. 



SECOND CAST. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 




Started... 


7 7 53 




700 


7 17 25 


I 53 


100 


7 8 39 


46 


800 


7 19 23 


1 58 


200 


7 9 40 


1 1 


900 


7 21 33 


2 10 


300 


7 10 55 


1 15 


1,000 


7 23 47 


2 14 


400 


7 12 20 


1 25 


1,100 


7 26 11 


2 24 


500 


7 13 50 


1 30 


1,120 


7 27 


49 


600 


7 15 32 


1 42 






• 



Bottom ; time running, 19«i. 7s. 

Mr. Danels believed the shot was on the bottom the first cast, and 
made the second to verify it ; in this sort of sounding the same extent 
of Une would hardly show bottom twice. There must always be a 
little difference in so deep a cast with the boat not fixed ; and this kind 
of line can only be true as to length within certain limits. The dis- 
crepancy here is a confirmation. 

At 2 p. m. threw overboard a dry and sealed bottle painted white, 
and containing a paper with our position at noon. ' This paper was 
folded and attached to a piece of small twine led out by the cork, 
so that by drawing the cork it could be taken out, read, and replaced, 
without breaking the bottle. On the paper was a request to persons 
picking the bottle up at sea, to endorse when, where, and by whom 
picked up ; then to put it back and reseal, and return the bottle to the 
sea, and give pubhc notice thereof. Also urging those picking up the 
bottle on shore to endorse on it when, where, and by whom this was 
done, and forward the paper in it to Lieutenant M. F. Maur^^, superin- 
tendent of the naval observatory, under' cover to the Secretary of the 
Navy, Washington, U. S. A bottle was in like manner regularly 



40 



S. Doc. 59. 



thrown overboard every day thereafter, until our return to the United 
States, except, that after the 17th instant, the bottles instead of being 
painted white, (which might wash off,) were covered with light, white, 
canvas, to protect and show them. 

January 8. — Clewed up, rounded to, took in patent log, lowered a 
boat to sound, tlirled sail, squared yards, and took temperature sound- 
ings from the brig. This was the usual course, the statement of which 
will generally be omitted hereafter, unless where the operation was dif- 
ferently performed. Mr. Renshaw thought he got bottom at 2,270 
fathoms; he then parted the line, it being too rough to try current ob- 
servations : he used one 32-pound shot, and doubled the line (which 
was unwaxed) for the first 100 fathoms. This sounding was made in 
a moderate trade wind, (3) sea not high, bat somewhat irregular on the 
surface. 

January 8, 1852. 

a. tn. 

Latitude 8° 43' 0" iV., O m.; lons-'uude 20° 52' 0" W., © 

•^ /?. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Daxels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


1 Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Interrals. 




h. 


m. 


s. 


1 

i m. 


s. 


I 

1 


h. 


m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


9 


42 


55 


! 




1 1,200 


10 


13 


15 


! 3 44 


100 


9 


43 


57 


1 


2 


1,300 


10 


16 


52 


3 37 


200 


9 


45 


25 


1 


28 


1,400 


10 


20 


50 


; 3 58 


300 


9 


47 


12 


1 


47 


1,500 


10 


25 


5 


1 4 15 


400 


9 


49 


20 


2 


8 


1,600 


10 


29 


16 


4 11 


500 


9 


51 


39 


2 


19 


' 1,700 


10 


33 


50 


4 34 


600 


9 


54 


8 


I 2 


29 


1 1,800 


10 


38 


22 


! 4 32 


* 700 


9 


56 


58 


2 


50 


1,900 


10 


42 


54 


i 4 32 


800 


9 


59 


48 


i 2 


50. 


! 2,000 


10 


47 


22 


1 4 28 


900 


10 


2 


40 


2 


52 


2,100 


10 


51 


56 


4 34 


1,000 


10 


6 


8 


1 3 


28 


2,200 


10 


56 


45 


i 4 49 


1,100 


10 


9 


31 


1 3 

i 


23 


2,290 


11 


4 


15 


j 7 30 



Line stopped, Ih. 21m. 203 ; bottom at 2,270, in lA. 197n. 50s. 

Ascertained, by heaving the log from the boat on her return, that the 
brig had drifted one knot SW. by W. in two hours. 

January 9. — At 6 a. m. took temperature soundings, and made three 
casts with unwaxed fishing line from a boat ; swell about 11 feet, sur- 
face water moderately ruffled. 

1st, by Mr. Renshaw, who got bottom at 2,050 fathoms with one 
shot. [The line ran very slowly during the last 100 fathoms.] 



S. Doc. 59. 

FIRST TRIAL. 
JAISrUARY 9, 185'.. 
Latitude 1"^ 17' 0" ^^., O m.; longitude 20'^ T 0" W., © a. 
Boat soundixg. — Mr. Renshaw. 



41 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


; Intervals. 


Fathoms. ; 

1 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. 


5. 


' m. s. 


: 


h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . , . 


6 6 


7 




1,200 1 


6 36 


41 


3 33 


100 


6 7 


20 


1 13 : 


1,.300 


6 40 


23 


3 42 


200 


6 8 


52 


1 32 : 


1,400 


6 44 


8 


3 45 


300 .-. 


6 10 


40 


i 1 48 i 


1,500 1 


6 48 


18 


4 


400 . 


6 12 


45 


12 5 


1,600 i 


6 52 


24 


4 16 


500 


6 15 




1 2 22 i 


1,700 i 


6 56 


33 


4 9 


600 


6 17 


24 


1 2 17 


1,800 i 


7 


^6 


4 23 


700 


6 20 


16 


i 2 52 


1,900 i 


7 5 


30 


4 34 


800 


6 23 


13 


! 2 57- 


2,000 j 


7 10 


14 


4 44 


900 


6 26 


30 


1 3 17 


2,100 


7 18 


37 


8 23 


1,000 


6 29 


37 


3 7 


2,170 


7 25 


32 


6 55 


1,100 


6 33 


8 


i ,3 31 


i 
1 






■ 



Line stopped, Ih. 19m. 25s. ; bottom about 2,050, in Ih. 8m. 25s. 

Held on by the line and tried surface currents ; (boat heading WNW., 
light breeze (2) from the ENE.;) found it by three trials to set N. by 
W. 1^0 knot per hour. At 9 a. m. Mr. Hall left to use two shot, and 
verify the above sounding ; but an English brig, supposing he was out 
to board her, came so near the boat as to oblige him to change his po- 
sition, in doing which the line parted. 

SECOND TRIAL. 

January 9, 1852. 

Latitude 7° 17' 0" i\., © m.; longitude 20° 7' 0" W., Q a. m. 
Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 

1 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


! 


//.. 


in. 


s. 


in. s. 


Started...; 


8 54 


43 




500 i 


9 





53 


. 1 34 


100 


8 55 


34 


51 


600 ' 


9 


2 


36 


• 1 43 


200 


8 56 


36 


1 2 


700 ; 


9 


4 


30 


1 54 


300 


8 57 


52 


1 w ; 


800 


9 


6 


31 


; 2-1 


400 


8 59 


19 


1 27 1 


890 


9 


8 


45 


1 2 14 



Line parted; time running-, 14m. 2s. : no bottom. 

At 10 a. m. Mr. Renshaw left the vessel, and sounded with two 
32-pound shot. Circumstances same as in the morning, and got bot- 
tom at 1,940 fathoms : "The line," he says, "brought up so suddenly 
as to leave no doubt of its having reached the bottom." 



42 



S. Doc. 59. 



THIRD TRIAL. 

January 9, 1852. 
Latitude 7^ 17' 0" N., Q m.; longitude 20^ 7' 0" JV., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. 


m. 


s. 


7)1. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


• Started... 


10 





2 




1,100 


10 19 35 


2 31 


100 


10 


1 





58 


1,200 


10 22 13 


2 38 


200 


10 


2 


4 


1 4 


1.300 


10 25 


2 47 


300 


10 


3 


23 


1 19 


1,400 


10 27 .58 


2 58 


400 


10 


4 


56 


1 33 


1,500 


10 .30 55 


2 57 


500 


10 


6 


37 


1 41 


1.600 


10 .33 55 


.3 


600 


10 


8 


25 


1 48 


1,700 


10 .37 8 


3 13 


700 


•10 


10 


20 


1 55 


1,800 


10 40 18 


3 10 


800 


10 


12 


30 


2 10 


1,900 


10 43 35 


3 17 


900 


10 


14 


43 


2 13 


1,940 


10 45 15 


1 40 


1,000 


10 


17 


4 


2 21 









Bottom ; time running, 45m. 13s. 

The two shot appear to have carried the line down straighter and 
quicker, and got bottom with less hne. The last 170 fathonris of the 
first cast, with one .shot, took 15m. 18s., when the preceding ] 00 fathoms, 
at 2,000 fathoms, took less than 5m. In the last cast the last hundred 
(two shot) took 3m. 17s. ; it is probable that the single shot reached 
the bottom soon after the 2,000 fathoms were out, or wliilst the next 
100 fathoms were paid out. Saw two sail to-day. 

January 10. — At 3h. 30m. p. m. took temperature soundings from 
the brig, and deep sea soundings from boat. Mr. Danels reported, 
that at the first cast with one shot, the line [unwaxed] stopped running 
when 2,019 fathoms were out, and on hauHng upon it found that it 
had parted at a great depth. 

FIRST TRIAL. 

January 10, 1852. 
Latitude 5^ 36' 30" N., Q m.; longitude 19° 34' 46" W., Q y. m. 

Boat soundikg. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. . 


.V. 


1 m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


3 24 


u 


1 


1,100 


3 51 


10 


3 25 


100 


3 24 


58 


' 58 


1,200 


3 54 


42 


3 32 


200 


3 26 


36 


t 1 38 


1,300 


3 58 


20 


3 38 


300 


3 28 


2fj 


1 50 


1,400 


4 02 


08 


3 48 


400 


3 30 


32 


2 6 


1,500 


4 06 


09 


4 1 


500 


3 32 


53 


2 21 


1,600 


4 10 


17 


4 8 


600 


3 35 


28 


2 35 


1,700 


4 14 


45 


4 28 


700 


3 38 


13 


2 45 


1,800 


4 18 


59 


4 14 


800 


3 41 


11 


2 58 


1,900 


4 22 


43 


3 44 


900 


3 44 


20 


3 9 


2,000 


4 29 


23 


6 40 


1,000 


3 47 


45 


3 25 


2,019 


4 30 


05 


42 



Bottom probable ; time running, Ih. 6m. 5s. 



S. Doc. 59. 



43 



On the second trial, also with one shot and unwaxed line, it stopped 
running at 1,825 fathoms, when he " found as before, on bringing a 
strain upon it, that it had parted at a great distance below the sur- 
face." 

SECOND TRIAL. 

January 10, 1852. 

Latitude 5° 36' 30" N., O m.; longitude 19° 34' 46" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


■ Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. s. 


??l. s. 


1 


h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


4 37 20 




1,000 


4 59 51 


3 16 


100 


4 38 5 


45 


1 1,100 


5 3 7 


3 16 


200 


4 39 25 


1 20 


! 1,200 


5 6 39 


3 32 


300 


4 41 10 


1 45 


i 1,300 


5 10 18 


3 39 


400 


4 43 10 


2 


1,400 


5 14 8 


3 50 


500 


4 45 24 


2 14 


1,500 


5 18 9 


4 1 


600 


4 47 52 


2 28 


1,600 


5 22 27 


4 18 


700 


4 50 32 


2 40 


i 1,700 


5 26 35 


4 8 


800 


4 53 31 


2 59 


i 1,800 


5 30 52 


4 17 


900 


4 56 35 


3 4 


j 1,825 


5 32 7 


1 15 



Bottom probable ; time running, 54)n. 47s. 

It is probable that bottom was got, at each of these casts, between 
1,800 and 1,900 fathoms, as, on the first cast the line ran well to 1,800 
fathoms, and then irregularl}''. In the second trial it ran well, until it 
stopped at 1,825 fathoms. During these observations the "wind was 
light (2) ; a long regular swell, and quite smooth on the surface." By 
heavmg the log from the boat on its return, found that the brig had 
drifted SW. by S. one knot in three hours. 

Januanj 11. — Saw one sail. Took temperature soundings. Mr. 
Renshaw sounded from a boat with two 32-pound shot, unwaxed line ; 
wind light (2) ; sea smooth and unruffled ; and whilst the line w^as run- 
ning very well with 2,540 fathoms out, Mr. Renshaw thinks it parted; 
and from "the great strain upon it" when attempting to haul it in, he 
thinks "it must have parted at a considerable distance below the sur- 
face, probably 1,200 fathoms." An examination of this sounding, and 
of the one made in its immediate vicinity two days afterwards, leads 
almost irresistibly to the belief that the line did not part, but that the 
shot was on bottom at 2,540 fathoms to-dav. 



44 



S. Doc. 59. 



January 11, 1852. 
Latitude 4° 27' 0" N., Q m. ; longitude 19° 21' 15" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renbhaw. 



Fathoms. 


Till 


leP 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




in. 


a. 


HI. 


s. 




It. 


m. 


s. 


in. X. 


Started . . . 




3 


13 






1,400 




30 


1 


2 51 


100 




4 


3 





50 


1,500 




32 


57 


2 56 


200 




4 


40 





37 


i 1,600 




35 


57 


3 


300 




5 


54 




14 


: 1,700 




39 


10 


3 13 


400 




7 


24 




30 


1,800 




42 


22 


3 12 


500 




9 


4 




40 


1,900 




45 


46 


3 24 


600 




10 


50 




46 


2,000 




49 


15 


3 29 


700 




12 


49 




59 


, 2,100 




52 


44 


3 29 


800 




14 


52 


2 


3 


i 2,20(1 




56 


20 


3 36 


900 




17 


6 


2 


14 


, 2,300 










3 40 


1,000 




19 


26 


2 


20 


' 2,400 




3 


40 


3 40 


1,100 




21 


55 


2 


29 


2,500 




7 


37 


3 57 


1,200 




24 


31 


2 


36 


! 2,540 




9 


20 


1 43 


1,300 




27 


10 


2 


39 


i 











Bottom probable ; time running, Ih. 6m. 7s. 

January 12. — The trade wind on the 9th, which Avas hglit froni 
ENE. in 7° N. and 20° W., became variable between NNE. and ENE. 
the next day ; and Ayhen we had run a degree more to the southward, 
became very light and more variable on tlie following day in 5"^ N., 
and after hauling N., and even NNW., died out on the 12th in 4P 05' 
N. and 19° 15' W., 15 or 20 twenty miles north of Maury's mean aver- 
age limit for the month of January. 

Saw a whale and several sail. At 3h. 30m. p. m. took temperatures 
from brig, and a deep sea sounding, (using two 32-pound shot, unvvaxed 
line,) and current observations from boat. Mr. Danels reports that the 
line parted when 2,125 lathoms were out, and judging ircjm the strain 
upon it he thinks that the fracture must have been at a very great 
depth ; a small swivel was used just above the shot, but the line would 
twist before the swivel would turn. Holding on to the line, and Ijcav- 
ing the light log, he tried surface and under currents. Wiien this cast 
was made it was "almost calm, swell about 7 feet, but slightly ruffled 
on the surface." 



S. Doc. 59. 45 

January 12, 1852. 
Latitude 4° b' 10" N., Q m,,- longitude 19° 15' 28" W., Q a. m. 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fatlioms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. in. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


3 26 


34 




1,200 


3 42 


23 


1 44 


100 


3 27 


19 


45 


1,300 


3 44 


10 


1 47 


200 


3 28 


13 


54 


1,400 


3 45 


58 


1 48 


300 


3 29 


15 


1 2 


1,500 


3 47 


50 


1 52 


400 


3 30 


22 


1 7 


1,600 


3 49 


47 


1 57 


500 


2 31 


.35 


1 13 


1,700 


3 51 


43 


1 56 


600 


3 32 


54 


1 19 


1,800 


3 53 


47 


2 4 


700 


3 34 


19 


1 25 


1,900 


3 55 


54 


2 7 


800 


3 35 


47 


1 28- 


2,000 


3 58 


04 


2 10 


900 


3 37 


23 


1 36 


2,100 


4 


19 


2 15 


1,000 


3 38 


58 


1 35 


2,125 


4 


55 


36 


1,100 


3 40 


39 


1 41 











Probable bottom ; time running, 34>?i. 21s. 

The current found is the mean of two trials after the cast had 
been made, and when the boat was riding to the sounding line, upon 
which there was a good strain ; the boat was heading to the light air 
from north. The boat was gone If hours, and pulled, by her log, one 
mile S. ^ W. to rejoin the brig. 

It is difficult to tell the difference between striking the bottom and 
the parting of the line at a great depth ; when the line runs well until it 
stops suddenly, and you can then get but little of it in when hauling on 
it, the inference is that the shot has struck the bottom. If the observa- 
tion is repeated with a heavier weight, (which will sink the hne more 
rapidly, and keep it straighter than before,) and the line stops running at 
about the same depth as before, the previous sounding is verified. It 
is highly probable that bottom was got to-day at 2,125 fathoms, as the 
line ran wonderfully well, to a heavy weight, in a smooth sea and light 
air, and preserved a great strain. 

French [Shoal. 

Jamuirij 13. — At 1 p. m. we were by dead reckoning from 3^esterday 
over one of the positions assigned to French shoal. This shoal is thus 
mentioned on p. 309 of Laurie's Memoir of the Atlantic, London, 1829: 

" French shoal, in latitude 4^ 5' N., longitude 20° 35' W. This shoal 
has been described as three leagues in circumference and even with 
the water's edge. It is stated to have been seen by several French 
East India ships, and placed by the French hydrographers in latitude 
4P 15' N., longitude 19° 20' W.; the late Spanish chart states it to 
have been seen in 1796, and a modern English chart exhibits it in lati- 
tude 4° 05' N. and longitude 20° 35', the position we have adopted." 

The above old and loose account is all the authority given in sup- 
port of the existence of this shoal. It was unsuccessfull}' scai-ched for, 
both in the English imd French positions, by the United States explor- 



46 



S. Doc. 59. 



ing squadron in 1838, and it has been omitted b}^ Laurie trom liis At- 
bmtic INIemoir of 1845. 

Took temperature soundings from the brig, with tlie sails clewed up 
but not furled. The sea was smooth, ^vith a light surliice swell, light 
airs (1). Mr. Renshaw made a deep sea cast li-om a boat, with un- 
waxed fishing line and one 32-pound shot, and thinks he got bottom at 
2,670 fathoms, and then made current observations. 

January 13, 1852. 
Latitude 43 14' 21" iV., D. R.; longitude 19^ 20' 20" W., D. R. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. ' 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. 


s. 


1' 


h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started ... 


12 54 


14 






1,500 


1 35 


22 


4 4 


100 1 


12 55 


19 


1 


5 


1,600 


1 39 


26 


4 4 


200 


12 56 


44 


1 


25 


1,700 


1 43 


40 


4 14 


300 


12 58 


24 


1 


40 


1,800 


1 47 


59 


4 19 


400 


1 


11 


1 


47 


1,900 


1 52 


28 


4 29 


500 


1 2 


22 





11 


2,000 


1 57 


13 


4 45 


600 


1 4 


54 


2 


32 


2,100 


2 1 


57 


4 44 


700 


1 7 


33 


2 


39 


2,200 


2 6 


46 


4 49 


800 ' 


1 10 


27 





54 


2,300 


2 11 


36 


4 50 


900 


1 13 


35 


3 


8 


2,400 


2 16 


43 


5 7 


1,000 


1 16 


44 


3 


9 


2,500 


2 21 


51 


5 8 


1,100 


1 20 


•11 


3 


27 


2,550 


•2 24 


45 


2 54 


1,200 


1 23 


46 


3 


35 




t3 6 


11 




1,300 


r 27 


25 • 


3 


39 


2,610 


3 10 


48 


4 37 


1,400 


1 31 


18 


3 


53 


2,700 


3 18 


20 


7 32 



Time running, \h. 42hi. 40s. ; Bottom at 2,670 fathoms, in 1/j. 40m. 24s. 
* End of line. f Started new line. 

This cast was not as satisiactory as usual, as Mr. Renshaw had to 
return for more line, leaving the shot buoyed by two inflated nipper 
bags at the depth of 2,550 fathoms. Mr. Danels then made another 
cast with two shot (unwaxed line) to verify this sounding, but the line 
parted when 1,400 fathoms had run out* 



S. Doc. 59. 

January 13, 1852. 
Latimde 4° 14' 21" iV., D. R.; longiude 19° 20' 27" W.,T>. R. 



47 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. ■ m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


4 31 30 




800 


4 43 10 


2 2 


100 


4 32 22 


52 


900 


4 45 20 


2 10 


200 


4 33 35 


1 13 


1,000 


4 47 37 


2 17 


300 


4 34 45 


1 10 


1,100 


4 49 57 


2 20 


400 


4 36 5 


1 20 


1,200 


4 52 30 


2 33 


500 


4 37 37 


1 32 


1,300 


4 55 11 


2 41 


600 


4 39 20 


1 43 


1,400 


4 58 55 


3 44 


700 


4 41 8 


1 48 









Line parted ; time running, 27?n. 25s. ; no bottom. 

There was a shoie of black fish round the boat. Sea phosphor- 
escent at night. 

January 14. — At 4h. p. m. took temperatures ; used a cyhnder ; also 
Green's thermometer, which came up with the mercurial column 
broken. Mr. Renshaw sounded with the unwaxed fishing line, and 
one 32-pound shot; it was calm, and the sea glassy smooth; got 
bottom at 2,760 fathoms, and whilst so anchored tried the currents. 

Jantjary 14, 1852. 
Latihide 3° 42' 18" N., Q m.; lo7igitude 19° 6' 0" W., p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


1 

; Fathoms. 

! 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. 


,,. 






h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . , 


4 11 


30 




, 1,500 


4 51 


28 


3 55 


100 


4 12 


27 


57 


i 1,600 


4 55 


32 


4 4 


200 


4 13 


48 


1 21 


1,700 


4 59 


40 


4 8 


300 


4 15 


28 


1 40 


j 1,800 


5 4 


10 


4 30 


400 


4 17 


24 


1 56 


1 1,900 


5 8 


33 


4 23 


500 


4 19 


36 


2 12 


' 2,000 


5 13 


2 


4 29 


600 


4 22 


1 


2 25 


j 2,100 


5 17 


51 


4 49 


700 


4 24 


38 


2 37 


j 2,200 


5 22 


44 


4 53 


800 


4 27 


12 


2 34 


' 2,300 


5 27 


49 


5 5 


900 


4 30 


7 


2 55 


j 2,400 


5 32 


53 


5 4 


1,000 


4 33 


12 


3 05 


1 2,500 


5 38 


10 


5 17 


1,100 


4 36 


34 


3 22 


1 2,600 


5 43 


25 


5 15 


1,200 


4 40 


10 


3 36 


i 2,700 


5 49 


56 


6 31 


1,300 


4 43 


45 


3 35 


! 2. .60 


5 54 





4 4 


1,400 


4 47 


33 


3 48 











Line stopped ; time lui.ning, Ih. 42ni. 30s. ; bottom. 

Then tried to get another cast with two shot, but the line parted 
when only 640 fathoms were out. 



48 S. Doc. 59. 

January 14, 1852. 

Latitude 3° 42' 18" N., Q m.; longitude 19^ 6' 0" W., © y. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms, j 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


j 

Storted... 
100 ! 
200 1 
300 
400 


h. m. s. 
7- 13 32 
7 14- 10 
7 14 44 
7 15 53 
7 17 11 


m. s. 
38 

IB 


500 
600 


h. m. s. 
7 18 44 
7 20 22 


w. s. 
1 33 
1 38 


640 


7 21 5 


43 



, Line parted ; time running, Im. 33s. ; no bottom ; unwaxed line. 

Saw large numbers of petrel. The meteorologists consider this the 
coldest, and the 26th July the warmest, day of the yeary on the aver- 
age, in the northern hemisphere. 

January 15. — Mr. Renshaw is confident he got bottom at 7 a. m. 
to-day, from a boat, using waxed line, with one 32-pound shot, at 2,760 
fathoms. 

January 15, 1852. 
Latitude 3° 51' 0" xV., O m.; longitude 19° 6' 0" W.y © a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. I 


Time A 


M. 


• 
Intervals. 




h. m 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. «. 


Started . . . 


8 54 


48 




1,500 i 


9 22 


4 


2 23 


100 


8 55 


48 


1 ' 


1,600 


9 24 


34 


2 30 


200 


8 57 


3 


1 15 


1,700 


9 27 




2 27 


300 


8 58 


30 


1 27 : 


1,800 i 


9 29 


33 


2 32 


400 


9 


11 


1 41 


1,900 ! 


9 32 


12 


2 39 


500 


9 1 


55 


1 44 


2,000 1 


9 34 


57 


2 45 


600 


9 3 


9 


1 14 


2,100 1 


9 37 


39 


2 42 


700 


9 4 


57 


1 48 


2,200 ! 


9 40 


33 


2 54 


800 


9 6 


50 


1 53 


2,300 


9 43 


27 


2 54 


900 


9 8 


48 


1 58 


2,400 i 


9 46 


18 


2 51 


1,000 


9 10 


51 


2 3 


2,500 


9 49 


19 


3 1 


1,100 


9 12 


58 


2 7 


2,600 ; 


9 52 


16 


2 57 


1,200 


9 15 


6 


2 8 


2,700 I 


9 55 


28 


3 12 


1,300 


9 17 


21 


2 15 


2,760 1 


9 57 


30 


2 2 


1,400 


9 19 


41 


2 20 


; 









Bottom ; time running, l/^. 2»;i. 42s. 

The sea was smooth, and it was calm; lie u.sed unbleached line, 
.smaller and stronger than that generally used; it was waxed, and ran 
well, in better time than common. Whilst llius anchoied, tried currents, 
with the boat heading W. by N. The state of the sea and weather 
to-day were favorable for trying the transparency of the sea, as shown 



S. Doc. 59. 49 

by the result in the column. We a.re now in the calms on the south- 
ern edge of the NE. trades. The onl}/ previous occasion when the 
transparency was Found to be as great as it is to-day, was on the 30th 
November, when we were becalmed in the northern edge of" the NE. 
trades. This sounding confirms the one of last evening, the vessel 
having remained in nearly the same position. 

Condemned and threw overboard a quantity of contract navy bread, 
which had been baked enough to weigh and sell well, but not to keep 
well on board ship in damp climates. 

Had some sheet hghtning. Saw petrel and sea pigeons. At night 
the sea was slightly phosphorescent. 

Jamiary 16. — Saw a distant water spout shaped liked a large and 
long pine or cocoa-nut tree. At 1 p. m. reduced sail to a squall, which 
was preceded b}' showers of rain, with a narrow bright space be3^ond 
in which there was no rain. This was one of those luminous appear- 
ances which might be mistaken for a reef at night. Two sharks with 
their attendant pilot fish, were near the vessel. Laid in the patent log 
to keep the sharks from getting it ; besides the wind is so light and 
baffling that the patent log cannot show correct results, as it sinks and 
works badly when going less than IJ or 2 knots. In light winds it 
should have a short tow-line ; in fresh winds it will jump out of the 
water, and thus record imperfectly unless it has a long tow-line. The 
sea is now highl}^ phosphoreecent at night. 

Jmmary J7. — At 8h. 30m. a. m. furled all sail^ calm and smooth 
sea. The temperature lines, with wooden C3dinder, came in slowly, 
but up and down ; yet the temperature of the water at 400 fathoms 
appears to be 10° higher than that at 200 fathoms. At 2h. 30m. p. 
m., at 1,000 fathoms depth, took temperature with bell-metal cylinder, 
the water in which evidently underwent a change of temperature in 
coming up. Mr. Danels got bottom with one 32-pound shot, unwaxed 
line, when it was perfectl}^ calm, at 2,725 fathoms, casting from the 
boat, and from it thus anchored made the current observations. 



50 S. Doc. 59. 

January 17, 1852. 

Latitude 3^ r 26" N., Q m.; lovghudc 18^ 36' 26" W., © a. m. 

Boat soundikg. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


intervals. 


FathomR. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




/.. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


9 27 


43 




1,500 


10 12 


1 


4 2 


100 


9 2d 


49 


1 <J 


1,600 


10 16 


19 


4 18 


200 


9 30 


07 


1 38 


1.700 


10 20 


40 


4 21 


300 


9 32 


23 


1 56 


1,800 


10 25 


19 


4 39 


400 


9 34 


34 


2 11 


1,900 


10 .30 


4 


4 45 


500 


9 37 


1 


2 27 


2,000 


10 34 


51 


4 47 


600 


9 39 


43 


2 42 


2,100 


10 39 


40 


4 49 


700 


9 42 


42 


2 59 


2,200 


10 44 


43 


5 3 


800 


9 45 


51 


3 9 


2,300 


10 49 


49 


.5 6 


900 


9 49 


10 


3 19 


2,400 


10 .54 


55 


5 6 


1,000 


9 52 


39 


3 29 


2,500 


11 


12 


5 17 


1,100 


9 56 


18 


3 39 


2,600 


11 5 


37 


5 25 


1,200 


10 


3 


3 45 


2,700 


11 11 


19 


5 42 


1,300 


10 4 


2 


3 59 


2,725 


11 14 


20 


3 1 


1 400 


10 7 


59 


3 57 











Bottom ; time running, \h. 46m. 37s. 

• 

Many black fish were around the boat, and some of them within 18 
feet of it, whilst sounding. Picked up a large specimen of the medusa, 
but failed in the attempt to preserve it with its beautiful colors. At 10 
p. m. took the trades, hght from SSE., when in latitude 3^ N. longi- 
tude 18*^ 34' W., which agrees precisely' with Maury's average limit 
for January, between 15^ and 20^ W. longitude. We find that the 
horizon in -this equinoctial calm region is so indistinct, from haze, that 
good twilight observations are got with much difficult}'. At night the 
sea very phosphorescent, and in some places near the horizon so lumin- 
ous as to have tlie appearance of surf. The transparency of the sea, 
tried both fiom the brig and from the boat, (using tlie foot square blocks 
painted white and recentl}' repainted,) was 24 fathoms in each case, 
and is the greatest transparency found during the cruise. The oppor- 
tunity was very favorable. We were becalmed near the northern edge 
of the S. E. trades. 

Januarij 18. — This forenoon saw nine sail, just escaped, like our- 
selves, from the equatorial calms. The Magellan clouds have been 
visible for several nights. At 4h. 30m. p. m. took temperature sound- 
ings from brig, and Mr. Renshaw made a deep sea cast from a boat 
with one 32-pound shot and the smallest size fishing line, (which, be- 
sides being overhauled, had been waxed and rubbed smooth on board, 
which made it swell less and sink quicker,) and got bottom at 2,780 
fathoms, when, making fast the line, made surface current observations, 
with a swell from tlie northward and a jumbling sea from the south- 
ward and eastward ; light breeze (2) from SSE., and boat heading 
ENE. 



S. Doc. 59. 

January 18, 1852. 
Latitude 2° 36' 0" A^., vi^; longitude 19^ 22' 0" W., Q p, m. 



51 



Boat souxdi.vg. — Mr. PiEnshaw. 



Fathoms 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 1 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




k. VI. 


s. 


in. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


4 33 


5 




1,500 ! 


5 9 


30 


3 28 


100 


4 34 


13 


1 8 


1,600 i 


5 12 


53 


3 23 


200 


4 35 


41 


1 28 


1,700 1 


5 16 


SI 


3 28 


300 


4 37 


22 


1 41 


1,81)0 1 


5 19 


54 


3 33 


400 


4 39 


13 


1 51 


1,900 


5 23 


30 


3 36 


500 


4 41 


16 


2 3 


2,000 ! 


5 27 


20 


3 50 


600 


4 43 


27 


2 11 


2,]U0 i 


5 31 


10 


3 50 


700 


4 45 


50 


2 23 


2,200 1 


5 35 


17 


4 7 


800 


4 48 


24 


2 34 


2,300 ! 


5 39 


23 


4 6 


900 


4 51 


5 


2 41 


2,400 


5 43 


35 


4 12 


1,000 


4 53 


46 


2 41 


2,500 1 


5 47 


41 


4 6 


'1,100 


4- 56 


38 


2 52 


2,600 


5 51 


55 


4 14 


1,200 


4 59 


37. 


2 59 


2,700 


5 56 


27 


4 32 


1,300 


5 2 


47 


3 10 


2,800 


6 3 


21 


54 


. 1,400 


5 6 


2 


3 15 


2,840 


6 6 


5 


2 44 



Stopped running, l/i. 33m. Os. ; bottom at 2,780, in Ih. 28m. 53s. 

By heaving the log from the boat on its return, found that the bare 
brig had drifted IJ miles W. by S. during the 2^ hours that the boat 
was away. 

Pandora. 

January 10. — At 10 a. m., with a gentle breeze from SE. by S., sur- 
face water smooth, sometimes a little ruffled, and with an occasional 
low swell, rounded to and furled sail, being, by good a. m. twilight 
observations for latitude and longitude, in the position where, according 
to the admiralty chart of June 23, 1851, her Majesty's vessel Pandora 
sounded with 6,000 fathoms of line, but got no bottom. The correct- 
ness of our position was confirmed by the a. m. time and the noon 
observations of the sun. Lowered t\vo whale boats, one on each side, 
to sound. In one Mr. Renshaw had the smallest size fishing line of 
unbleached flax, waxed and smooth, doubled for the first 100 fathoms, 
with a lead weighing 31 lb. 10 oz., and rounded at the bottom, with 
which he got bottom at 2,750 fathoms, in Ih. 9m. 3s. time of running. 



52 S. Doc. 59. 

January 19, 1852. 
LatiUidc 2o 10' 10" N., © m. ; longitude 19^ 57' 28" W., O a. m. 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m, s. 




h. 


m. 


a. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


10 :j 


30 




1,500 


10 


31 


4 


2 47 


100 


10 4 





35 


1,600 1 


10 


33 


50 


2 46 


200 


10 5 


6 


1 1 


1,700 ; 


10 


36 


46 


2 56 


300 


10 5 


45 


39 


1,800 


10 


39 


45 


2 59 


400 


10 7 


10 


1 25 


1,900 


10 


42 


51 


3 6 


500 


10 8 


55 


1 45 


2,000 1 


10 


46 


4 


3 13 


600 


10 10 


45 


1 50 


2,100 


10 


49 


28 


3 24 


700 


lU 12 


38 


1 53 


2,200 


10 


52 


58 


3 30 


800 


10 14 


31 


1 53 


2,300 


10 


56 


27 ■ 


3 29 


900 


10 16 


29 


1 58 


2,400 


10 


59 


55 


3 28 


1,000 


10 18 


37 


2 8 


2,500 ! 


11 


3 


8 


3 13 


1,100 


10 20 


58 


2 21 


2,600 : 


11 


6 


30 


3 22 


1,200 


10 23 


13 


2 15 


2,700 


11 


10 


4 


3 34 


1,300 


10 25 


35 


2 22 


2,800 


11 


15 


3 


4 59 


1,400 


10 28 


17 


2 42 


! 











Line stopped, l/i. llm. .33s. ; bottom at 2,750, in Ih. dm. 3s. ; 50 fathoms slack line. 

In the other boat Mr. Danels had a line of a^oout the same size, 
doubled and waxed for the first 700 fathoms, (single and unwaxed after 
that.) He used two 32-pound shot, and got bottom at 2,690 fathoms 
in Ih. 9m. 

January 19, 1852. 

Latitude 2° 10' 10" N., Q m. ; longitude 19^ 57' 28" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Interval?. 




/(. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


9 50 


58 




l,.50O 


10 20 





2 47 


100 


9 51 


47 


49; 


1,600 


10 -ii 


48 


2 48 


200 


9 52 


50 


1 3 


1,700 


10 25 


46 


2 58 


300 


9 54 


6 


1 16 


1,800 


10 28 


47 


3 1 


400 


9 55 


30 


1 24 


1,900 


10 31 


50 


3 3 


500 


9 57 


4 


1 34 


2,000 


10 35 


o 


3 12 


600 


9 58 


46 


1 42 


2.100 


10 38 


20 


3 18 


700 


10 


38 


1 52 


2,200 


10 41 


37 


3 17 


800 


10 2 


40 


2 2 


2,. 300 


10 45 





3 23 


900 


10 4 


53 


2 13 


2,400 


10 48 


24 


.3 24 


1,000 


10 7 


12 


2 19 


2,500 


10 51 


58 


3 34 


1,100 


10 9 


35 


2 23 


2,600 


10 55 


41 


3 43 


1,200 


lU 12 


3 


2 28 


2,700 


11 


26 


4 45 


1,300 


10 14 


35 


2 32 
















1,400 


10 17 


13 


2 38 


2,750 


5 


30 


5 4 



Line stopped, Ih. 14m. 32s. ; bottom at 2,690, in Ih. 9m. Os. ; 60 fathoms slack line. 



S. Doc. 59. 



53 



Mr. Danels made some current observations before his line parted, 
and hove the log from his boat as it returned, and found that the bare 
brig whilst lying to had drifted three miles WNW. during the 3J hours 
his boat was absent. Our patent log, hanging below the surface to a 
short scope of tow-hne fast to the stern, showed a drift of two knots. 
It could not be expected to record all the drift made. If the Pandora 
used large line of any kind, which must sink slowly, and if the cast 
was made from the vessel whilst hove to under short sail, or with sails 
furled except when there was no air and current, or if the cast was 
made from a boat which was not kept plumb over the descending shot 
or lead, any quantit}^ of line might have been paid out without giving 
a reliable indication of bottom. Lieutenant Maury's s^^stem of sound- 
ing with small waxed fishing line is the best that has 3^et been devised. 
With a small waxed line, in a smooth sea, in calm or light weather, 
with a heavy lead, sounding from a boat kept by the oai's over the 
lead, w-ith the line running plumb, a reliable sound may be got. Wire, 
such as Lieut. Walsh, U. S. N., used in the Taney, looks and feels 
taut all the time, and will run down straight perhaps as long as it is 
paid out. Spun yarn, used by Capt Ross, R. N., is rather a retrograde 
method upon the usual lead line. The officers of the Dolphin will 
hardly agi-ee with Captain Denham, R. N., that- a 9-pound lead will 
sink 7,076 fathoms of fishing line (up and down) and find the bottom 
at eight statute miles, with the line taking nine and a half hours to 
descend. 

The line which Mr. Renshaw sounded with to-day is from two reels 
left at New York by the United States frigate Congress. It is much 
the best line we have, and is probabl}' the same kind that Captain 
Denham got of Commodore McKeever. 

At night the sea, though less phosporescent than it has been lately, 
gave (logs by Mr. Mayo) "the appearance of sparkling foam to the 
crest of" the small waves near us, and further off it looked like break- 



January 20. — At 2h. 40m. p. m. furled sail. Took temperature ob- 
servations, and the lines came in at a great angle. 

Made three attempts to sound from a boat with unwaxed line. First 
trial: The line parted with two shot, when 700 fathoms were out. 

FIRST TRIAL. 

January 20, 1852. 
Latitude 0^ 23' 54" N., Q m.; longitude 21° 45' 0" W., Q p. m. 

Boat Souxdixg. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


TimeP 


iM. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


3 22 


50 




400 


3 27 


17 


1 24 


100 


3 23 


42 


52 


500 


3 28 


35 


1 18 


200 


3 24 


42 


1 


600 


3 30 


12 


1 37 


300 


3 25 


53 




700 


3 32 


19 


2 7 



Line parted; time running, 9m. 29s. ; no bottom. 



54 



S. Doc. 59. 



Second trial: The line parted with one shot, with 830 fathoms oul- 
SECOi\D TRIAL 

January 12, 1852. 
Latmde 0^ 23' 54" A'., © m.} longitude 2}P 45' 0" W., Q p. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Rensmaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intcrvr.ls. 




h. in. s. 


m. s. 




•/i. in. s. 


m. t. 


Started... 


3 47 25 




500 


3 55 23 


2 11 


100 


3 48 19 


54 


600 


8 57 48 


2 25 


200 


3 49 38 


1 19 


■ 700 


4 35 


2 47 


.300 


3 51 18 


1 40 


800 


4 4 40 


4 5 


400 


3 53 12 


1 54 


830 


4 6 0. 


1 20 



Line parted ; time running, 18ni. 35s. ; no bottom. ^ 

Third trial: (with one shot); cut the line (it w^as getting dark) when 
3,000 fathoms were out, and returned to the brig, which was three 
•miles off. 

THIRD TRIAL. 

•January 20, 1852.' 
Latitude 0^ 23' 54" N., ?«.; longitude 21^ 45' 0" W., Op, m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms, 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


a. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


4 55 54 




1,600 


5 35 


23 


3 28 


100 


4 56 54 


1 


1,700 


5 38 


49 


3 26 


200 


4 58 19 


1 25 


1,800 


5 42 


10 


3 21 


300 


5 2 


1 43 


1,900 


5 45 


42 


3 32 


400 


5 1 52 


1 50 


2,000 


5 49 


16 


3 34 


500 


5 3 49 


1 57 


2,100 


5 53 


14 


3 58 


600 


5 6 21 


2 32 


2,200 


5 56 


50 


3 36 


700 


5 8 A6 


2 25 


2,300 


6 


27 


3 37 


800 


5 11 29 


2-43 


2,400 


6 3 


47 


3 20 


900 


5 14 14 


2^45 


2,500 


6 7 


18 


3 31 


1,000 


5 16 56 


2 42 


2,600 


6 10 


35 


3 17 


1,100 


5 19 .')2 


2 56 


2,700 


6 14 


6 


3 31 


1,200 


5 22 48 


2 56 


2,800 


6 17 


20 


3 14 


1,300 


5 25 40 


2 52 


2,900 


6 20 


36 


3 16 


1,400 


5 28 48 


3 8 


3,000 


6 24 


10 


3 34 


1,500 


5 31 55 













Cut the line ; time running, l/i. 



16s. ; no bottom at 2,000. 



The line had not run up and dov\ n, and the sounding was not satis- 
factory, owing, Mr. Renshaw reports, to the " irregular, short, chop- 
ping sea, occasioned no doubt by the squalls of the preceding night." 

Estimate no bottom at 2,000 fathoms. 



S. Doc. 59. 



55 



CHAPTER IV. 

Enter the volcanic region -, pass through it tliree times — Make unsuccessful search for "Kru- 
senstern's volcano," "Triton's shoal," ••Bouvet's sandy island," "Aquila reef,""Lo 
Pacific, shock," and "Crown reef" — Take many deep-sea soundings, and find no signs of 
volcanoes or other dangers. 

. January 21. — At Oh. 54m. a. m. crossed the equator in longitude 22° 
3' 39" W., and entered the volcanic region which is described in the 
instructions proposed. by Lieutenant Maury, Superintendent of the 
Naval Observatory, and adopted by the Navy Department for my 
guidance, as extending from the equator to 7° S. between 18^ and 25° 
W. longitude, and which is further described in the English sailing di- 
rections (Laurie's South Atlantic Directory, London, 1845) "to be a 
tract which has been very fertile in the production of vigias." 

At 9 a. m. took temperature soundings from the brig and a deep-sea 
cast from a boat, (Mr. Danels.) w4th one 32-pound shot, unwaxed line. 
The line stopped running at 2,125 fathoms, and Mr. Danels thinks it 
then parted. The sea Avas rough and irregular ; wind 4. 

January 21, 1852. 
Latitude 0° 34' 30" .5., O m.; lo?ighude 22° 40' 18" W., G a. m. 

Boat Soundd.-g. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


j Time A. M. 

1 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


1 


h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


9 37 


46 




1,200 


10 9 14 


3 51 


100 


9 38 


30 


44 


1,300 


10 13 14 


4 


200 


9 39 


58 


1 28 


1 1,400 


10 17 20 


4 6 


300 


9 41 


52 


1 54 


! 1,500 


10 21 29 


4 9 


400 


9 44 


4 


2 12 


1,600 


10 25 50 


4 21 


500 


9 46 


30 


2 26 


1 700 


10 30 25 


4 35 


600 


9 49 





2 30 


1,800 


10 34 50 


4 25 


700 


9 51 


50 


2 50 


1,900 


10 39 40 


4 50 


800 


9 54 


56 


3 6 


2,000 


10 44 39 
10 i) 48 


4 59 


900 


9 58 


16 


3 20 


2,100 


5 9 


1,000 


10 1 


47 


3 31 


2,125 


10 51 45 


1 57 


1,100 


10 5 


23 


3 36 









Line parted ; time running, Ih. 13m. 59^. 

Boarded an American whaling bark. The appearance of the sea 
at. night is much changed, and scarcely a sparkle can now be seen. 
^ January 22. — At 9 a. m. took temperature soundings from the bri^ 
and a deep-sea cast from a boat. Isli: Renshaw thought he got botior . 
at 3,020 fathoms, with one shot and the unwaxed line. To keep th 
line running up and down, Mr. R. was obliged to pull moderately with 
three oars nearly all the time, though the wind and sea were moderate 
(3) at the time. 



56 S. Doc. 59. 

Jaxuary 22, 1852. 
Latitude 2o 27' 39" S., m. ; longitude 23° 37' 58" W., Q a. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fatlioms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




/(. in. 


s. 


m. s. 




Ii. m. s. 


• 
m. s. 


Started... 


9 15 


40 




1,600 


Kt 3 21 


4 3 


100 


9 17 





1 20 


1,700 


10 7 22 


4 1 


200 


9 18 


45 


1 45 


1,800 • 


10 11 30 


4 8 


300 


9 20 


42 


1 57 


»900 


• 10 15 32 , 


4 2 


400 


9 23 


7 


2 25 


2,000 


10 19 43 


. 4 11 


500 


9 25 


42 


2 35 


2,100 


10 23 51 


4 8 


600 


9 28 


22 


2 40 


2,200 


10 28 6 


4 15 


700 


9 31 


21 


2 59 


2,300 


10 32 22 


4 16 


800 


9 34 


21 


3 


2,400 


10 31 58 


5 36 


900 


9 37 


41 


3 20 


2,500 


10 4a 19 


4 21 


1,000 


9 41 





3 19 


. 2,600 


10 46 .27 


4 8 


1,100 


9 44 


21 


3 21 


2,700 


10 50 36 


4 9 


1,200 


9 47 


55 


3 34 


2,800 


10 55 6 


4 30 


1,300 


9 51 


33 


3 38 


2,900 


10 59 50 


4 44 


1,400 


9 55 


20 


3 47 


3,000 


11 4 30 


4 40 


1,500 


9 59 


18 


3 58 


3,080 


11 11 58 


7 28 



Time rumiing, Ih. 56m. 18s. ; bottom at 3,020, in 1/t. 50/ii. 42s. 

Took current observations from boat riding to the shot and lieading 
east ; the result given is probably drift. Then cut the line and pulled 
by the log three miles to rejoin the brig, which had drifted that distance, 
lying to under bare poles, in 3h. 25m. Saw one sail. The transpa- 
rency of the water was tried from the brig, and also from the boat, 
with different foot-square blocks painted white. The trial irom the 
boat gave two fathoms the most. 

Jamianj 23. — At 9h. 30m. a. m. took temperature soundings on 
board, and a deep-sea cast from a boat, with one shot, unwaxcd Une. 
Sea somewhat rough on the surface, such as is usual with a moderate 
trade wind. Mr. Danels reports that at 2,200 fathoms the line ran 
very slowly up and down ; when stopping it he found there was no 
strain on it, and alter hauling in 200 tiithoms more there was still so 
little strain"^upo« it that one man could haul it in easily ; lie concluded 
it had parted. 



S. Doc. 59. 57 

January 23, 1852. 
Latitude 4P 6' 18" S., © m. ; longitude 24° 46' 45" W., © a. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fatlioms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


9 34 


5 




1,200 


10 5 


59 


3 30 


100 


9 35 


19 


1 14 


1,300 


10 9 


43 


3 44 


200 


9 37 





1 41 


1,400 


10 13 


36 


3 53 


300 


9 39 


1 


2 1 


1,500 


10 17 


26 


3 50 


400 


9 41 


15 


2 14 


1,600 


10 21 


22 


3 56 


500 


9 43 


44 


2 29 


1,700 


10 25 


33 


4 11 


900 


9 46 


36 


2 52 


1,800 


10 29 


49 


4 16 


700 


9 49 


30 


2 54 


1,900 


10 34 


15 


4 26 


800 


9 52 


33 


3 3 


2,000 


10 39 


4 


4 49 


900 


9 55 


45 


3 12 


2,100 


10 43 


52 


4 48 


1,000 


9 59 


7 


■ 3 22 


2,200 


10 50 


20 


6 28 


1,100 


10 2 


29 


3 22 


2,215 


10 51 


45 


1 25 



Line parted ; time running, Ih. 17»i. 40s. 

The brig, lying to under bare poles, drifted, by the boat's log, two- 
thirds of a knot per hour. At 4 p. m. passed out of the volcanic re- 
gion, in latitude 4° 25' S., longitude 25° W. In the morning and 
evening noticed sholes of bonita and albicore, apparently chasing small 
fish, and flocks of sea-fowl preying on those driven out of water by 
the bonita and albicore. These last seem to shole together. 

January 24. — ^At 9h. 30m. a. m. took temperature soundings from 
brig, and made a deep sea cast and current observations from the boat. 
Mr. Renshaw got bottom at 2,970 fathoms with the smallest size waxed 
line and one 32-pound shot. The hne ran remarkably well. The 
reel was checked but twice during the running of the first 100 fath- 
oms, and not again ; but when the 400 fathoms were out, the line was 
pulled off the reel by hand as in heaving the log, so that the shot had 
not to turn the reel but onlv to take the line down. 



58 S. Doc. 59. 

January 24, 1852. 

Latkuch 5^ 42' 0" S., O m.; longitude 25^ 40' 30" W., © a. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. a. 


Started . . . 


9 20 


32 




1,600 


9 58 48 


3 18 


100 


9 21 


25 


53 1 


1,700 


10 2 10 


3 22 


200 


9 22 


45 


1 20 i 


1,800 


10 5 38 


3 2H 


300 


9 24 


20 


1 35 1 


1,900 


10 9 7 


3 29 


400 


9 2G 


9 


1 49 


2,000 


10 12 42 


3 35 


500 


9 28 


8 


1 59 


2,100 


10 16 25 


3 43 


600 


9 30 


22 


2 14 


2,200 


10 20 9 


3 44 


700 


9 32 


38 


2 16 , 


2,300 


10 23 99 


3 50 


800 


9 35 


5 


2 27 


2,400 


10 27 55 


3 56 


900 


9 37 


35 


2 30 , 


2,500 
2,600 


10 31 59 


4 4 


1,000 


9 40 


16 


2 41 ' 


10 35 58 


3 59 


1 100 


9 43 


3 


2 47 


2,700 


10 40 11 


4 13 


1,200 


9 45 


58 


2 55 


2,800 


10 44 33 


4 22 


1,300 


9 49 


3 


3 5 


2,900 


10 48 54 


4 21 


1,400 


9 52 


15 


3 12 


3,000 


10 54 58 


6 4 


1,500 


9 55 


30 


3 15 









Line stopped, lA. 34m 26s. ; bottom at 2,970, in lA. 32m. 37s. 

The current observations taken from the boat whilst riding to the 
shot with this long scope of line was probably affected by the breeze,, 
moderate (4) from SE. 

The transparency w^as tried from the brig and boat with the white 
painted foot-square blocks. The observation from the boat (distin- 
guished by the letter b) gave three fathoms most. 

Jaiui/iry 25. — At 9h. 30m. a. m. took temperature observations from 
the. brig, and deep-sea soundings and current observations from the 
boat. Mr. Danels got bottom, with one shot and waxed line, at 3,250 
fathoms ; the line ran well. Saw one sail. 



S. Doc. 59. 



January 25, 1852. 
La/ifude 6^ 59' 42" S., Q in.; lovgitude 25° 42' 54" W., © a. 



Boat Sounding. — Mr. Dane: 



iiIk 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h., m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 




m. s. 


Started.. . 


9' 33 


5 




1,700 


10 12 


16 


3 17 


100 


9 34 


10 


1 5 


1,800 


10 15 


33 


3 17 


200 


9 35 


33 


1 23 


1,900 


10 19 


3 


3 30 


300 


9 37 


10 


1 37 


2,000 


10 22 


34 


3 31 


400 


9 38 


58 


1 48 


2,100 


10 26 


11 


3 37 


500 


9 40 


50 


1 52 


2,200 


10 29 


48 


3 37 


600 


9 49 


48 


1 58 


2,300 


10 33 


36 


3 48 


700 


9 45 


8 


2 20 


2„400 


10 37 


20 


3 44 


800 


9 47 


22 


2 14 


2,500 


10 41 


17 


3 57 


900 


9 49 


43 


2 21 


2,600 


10 45 


15 


3 58 


1,000 


9 51 


41 


1 58 


2,700 


10 49 


15 


4 


1,100 


9 54 


20 


2 39 


2,800 


10 53 


17 


4 2 


1,200 


9 57 


3 


2 43 


2,900 


10 57 


17 


4 


1,300 


9 59 


55 


2 52 


3,000 


11 1 


30 


4 13 


1,400 


10 2 


45 


2 50 


3,100 


11 5 


41 


4 11 


1,500 


10 5 


48 


3 3 


3,200 


11 9 


51 


4 10 


1,600 


10 8 


59 


3 11 


3,290 


11 15 


51 


6 



Line stopped, Ih. 4am. 46s. ; bottom at 3,250, 1/t. 'iOm. 6s. 

January 26. — At 9h. 10m. p. m. saw a partial lunar rainbow. This 
morning again entered the volcanic region in 5° 45' S., longitude 
250 W. 

January 27. — Mr. Danels got bottom from the boat, with one shot 
and 3,200 fathoms waxed .fishing hne. The sea was rough and 
irregular. 

January 27, 1852. 

Latitude 4P 11' 34" 5., O m. ; longitude 24° 0' 41" W., © a. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A.M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. ss 






h. 


m. 


s. 


m. S3 


Started... 


9 36 48 


■ 


1,700 


10 


20 


4 


3 31 


100 


9 37 50 


1 2 


1,800 


10 


23 


47 


3 43 


200 


9 39 20 


1 30 


1,900 


10 


27 


35 


3 48 


300 


9 41 


1 40 


2,000 


10 


31 


29 


3 54 


400 


9 43 


2 


2,100 


10 


35 


40 


4 11 


500 


9 45 5 


2 5 


2,200 


10 


39 


30 


3 50 


600 


9 47 18 


2 13 


2,300 


10 


43 


31 


4 1 


700 


9 49 40 


2 22 


2,400 


10 


47 


38 


4 7 


800 


9 52 10 


2 30 


2.500 


10 


51 


45 


4 7 


900 


9 54 48 


2 38 


2,600 


10 


56 


9 


4 24 


1,000 


9 57 35 


2 47 


2,700 


11 





35 


4 26 


1,100 


10 30 


2 55 


2,800 


11 


4 


56 


4 21 


1,200 


10 3 28 


2 58 


2,900 


11 


9 


43 


4 47 


1,300 


10 6 40 


3 12 


3,000 


11 


14 


18 


4 35 


1,400 


10 9 52 


3 12 


3,100 


11 


19 


52 


4 34 


1,500 


10 13 8 


3 16 


3,200 


11 


25 


44 


5 59 


1,600 


10 16 33 















Bottom ; time running, \h. 48m. 56s. 



60 



S. Doc. 59. 



After sounding, parted the line at about 400 or 500 fathoms below 
the surface, and he then I'ound that in 15J minutes the next 100 fath- 
oms was laid out b;^^ift of boat mcrel3\ Sea somewhat phospho- 
rescent at night. ^JP 

January 28. — Examined the log lines and glasses and found them 
correct. This examination was recjuired to be made daily, and the 
result entered in the log book, during the cruize, but mention of it is 
omitted in this abstract. 

January 29. — Mr. Danels got bottom, with one 32- pound shot and 
waxed line, at 3,575 fathoms. Wind 3 ; sea moderate but irregular. 

January 29, 1852. 

Latitude 3° 33" 28" S., Qm.; longitude 22^ 38' 27" W., © a. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. 


m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . , . 


9 


19 


12 




1,900 


10 11 


12 


3 29 


100 


9 


20 


15 


1 3 


2,000 


10 14 


45 


3 33 


200 


9 


21 


45 


1 30 


2,100 


10 18 


23 


3 38 


300 


9 


23 


35 


1 50 


2,200 


10 21 


57 


3 34 


400 


9 


25 


34 


1 59 


2,300 


10 25 


37 


3 40 


500 


9 


27 


46 


2 12 


2,400 


10 29 


10 


3 33 


600 


9 


30 





2 14 


2,500 


10 32 


44 


3 34 


700 


9 


32 


45 


2 45 


2,600 


10 36 


15 


3 31 


800 


9 


36 


7 


3 22 


2,700 


10 39 


58 


3 43 


900 


9 


39 





2 53 


■ 2,800 


10 44 


5 


4 7 


1,000 


9 


41 


48 


2 48 


2.900 


10 49 


30 


5 25 


1,100 


9 


44 


45 


* 2 57 


3,000 


10 53 


38 


4 8 


1,200 


9 


47 


47 


3 2 


3,100 


•10 57 


58 


4 20 


1,300 


9 


51 


1 


3 14 


3,200 


11 2 


57 


4 59 


1,400 


9 


54 


18 


3 17 


3;. 300 


11 7* 


36 


4 39 


1,500 


9 


57 


36 


3 18 


3,400 . 


11 12 


45 


5 9 


1,600 


10 




50 


3 14 


3,500 


11 17 


7 


4 22 


1,700 


10 




15 


3 25 


3,600 


11 22 


22 


5 15 


1,800 


10 




43 


3 28 


3,700 


11 33 





10 38 



Time running, 2/t. 13m. 48s. ; bottom at 3,575, in l/i. 59m. 13s. 

^aw sea birds and flying fish.' 

January 30. — Saw one sail and many sea-birds. Mr. Renshaw 
made a deep-sea cast from a boat, wind 2, swell moderate, and little 
surface sea. Used two 32-pound shot, waxed line. The first 1,000 
fathoms of line was of the smallest size, doubled and waxed ; the rest 
was one-third larger, and was tarred. This sized line weighs 10 ounces 
more in the 100 fithoms after being tarred. The line ran ver}^ quick 
and well to 2,650 fothoms, when it parted 200 fathoms below the sur- 
face, at a bad place, not detected when it was overhrmled. 



S. Doc. 59. 



61 



January 30, 1852. 
Latitude 2° 47 0" S., O m. ; longitude 20° 54' 0" W., Q p. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


3 37 


50 




1,400 


4 4 


15 


2 41 


100 


3 38 


41 


51 


1,500 . 


4 7 


5 


2 50 


200 


3 39 


45 


i 4 


1,600 


4 9 


50 


2 55 


300 


3 41 





1 15 


1,700 


4 12 


41 


2 51 


400 


3 42 


28 


1 28 


1,800 


4 15 


36 


2 55 


500 


3 44 


6 


1 38 


1,900 


4 18 


36 


3 


600 


3 45 


50 


1 44 


2,000 


4 21 


42 


3 6 


700 


3 47 


37 


1 47 


2,100 


4 24 


50 


3 8 


800 


. 3 49 


41 


2 4 


2,200 


4 28 





3 10 


900 


3 51 


55 


2 14 


2,300 


4 31 


13 


3 13 


1,000 


3 54 


15 


2 20 


2,400 


4 34 


38 


3 25 


1,100 


3 56 


31 


2 16 


2,500 


4 38 


4 


3 26 


1,200 


3 58 


56 


2 25 


2,600 


4 41 


34 


3 30 


1,300 


4 1 


34 


2 38 


2,650 


4 44 


40 


3 6 



Line parted ; time running, Ih. 6m. 50s. 

Krusenstern's Volcano. 

January 31. — At 7h. a. m. furled sail, took temperature soundings 
from the brig, and Mr. Mayo got bottom (heaving from a boat) with 
one 32-pound shot and waxed line at 3,450 fathoms, having hauled in 
100 fathoms of slack-line ; wind light, swell long and smooth ; weather 
squally ; and with the boat thus anchored took the current observations 
given in the abstract. 

January 31, 1852. 
Latitude 2° 26' 8" S'., Q m.; longitude 20° 47' 36" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Mayo. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


6 51 


55 




1,900 


7 52 


33 


4 24 


100 


6 52 


50 


55 


2,000 


7 57 





4 27 


200 
300 


6 54 
6 55 


10 
55 


1 20 
1 45 


2,100 
2,200 








8 5 


43 


8 43 


400 


6 5« 


4 


2 9 


2,300 


8 10 


7 


4 24 


500 


7 


35 


2 31 


2,400 


8 14 


24 


4 17 


600 


7 3 


18 


2 43 


2,500 


8 19 


11 


4 47 


700 


7 6 


18 


3 


2,600 


8 24 





4 49 


800 


7 9 


30 


3 12 


2,700 


8 29 


10 


5 10 


900 


7 12 


47 


3 17 


2,800 


8 34 


7 


4 57 


1,000 


7 14 


27 


1 40 


2,900 


8 39 


i 


5 


1,100 


7 17 


57 


3 30 


3,000 


8 44 


25 


5 18 


1,200 


7 21 


30 


3 33 


3,100 


8 49 


52 


5 27 


1,300 


7 25 


16 


3 46 


3,200 


8 56 


40 


6 48 


1,400 


7 29 


11 


3 55 


3,300 


9 4 


5 


7 25 


1,500 


7 32 


55 


3 44 


3,400 


9 12 


12 


8 7 


1,600 


7 39 


38 


6 43 


3,500 


9 20 


25 


8 13 


1,700 


7 43 


54 


4 16 


3,550 


9 23 


35 


3 10 


1,800 


7 48 


9 


4 15 











Time running, 2/1. 31i(i. 40s. ; Bottom at 3,450 fathoms, in 2h. 24m. 24s. 



62 S. Doc. 59. 

This sounding was taken in the infimediate neighborhood of Admiral 
KrusensLern's supposed volcano, of which the following account is given 
on p. 81 of Laurie's South Atlantic Directory, London, 1845; 

"On the 19th of May, 1806, at five in the evening, 'we saw, in lati 
tude 2^ 43' S. and longitude 20^ 35' W., in the direction of NNW., 
and at the distance of about twelve or fifteen miles, a singular phenom- 
enon, but which owing to the lateness of the day, we were unable to 
examine sufficiently close to ascertain the nature of it. 

" 'A cloud of smoke arose to about tlie height of a ship's mast ; disap- 
peared suddenly ; then ro^ again, and vanished entirely. It could 
not be a watei spout, nor a ship on fire, as some persons on board con- 
ceived, for the smoke rose much too high; and Dr. Horner was of the 
opinion that if the whole was not an ocular deception, occasioned by a 
pecuHar refraction of the rays of light, it had all the appearance of a 
volcanic eruption, and was possibly the forerunner of an island.' " 

The Russian admiral was in latitude 2^ 43' south, longitude 20^ 
35' west, when he saw, late in the da}'-, "a singular phenomenon," 
"in the direction of NNW., and at the distance of about twelve or fit- 
teen miles." Assuming this to be the compass bearing, and the dis- 
tance fifteen miles, the position of the phenomenon would be 2° 31' 
.south, and 20^ 44' west. Our sounding station, at 7 a. m., subse- 
quently proved — by observations of the sun, got that morning for longi- 
tude, and at noon for latitude — to be a few miles NW. of this inferred 
position, which, however, was covered by our radius of vision. 

We saw no indication whatever of this supposed vulcano, which has 
not been heard of since ]806, and which was fruitlessly searched for 
by the United States exploring expedition in 1838. 

February 1. — Sunday. — A long swell from southward and eastward. 
Mustered the crew, and INIr. Maj^o (it being his turn) read the articles 
of war to the officers and crew. 

February 2. — Sea quite sparkling at night. At 9h. 30m. a.m. dropped 
a boat to sound, furled sail, and took temperature soundings from the 
brig. The cylinder with water, from 400 fathoms depth, was hauh'd 
up in fifty-five minutes, and came in at a great angle. Mr, Danels re- 
ports that he used two shot and waxed fine, and that the fine parted at 
a great depth, when 1,960 fathoms were out. 



S. Doc. 59. 63 

February 2, 1852. 
LalMude 1° 9' 30" S., D. R.; longitude 19° 28' 42" ^., a. m. 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. 


M. 


Intervals. ' 
\ 


Fathoms. 


Time A.M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


5. 


1 
m. s. 1 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


9 20 


10 




1.200 


9 42 43 


2 34 


100 


9 21 


.•) 


55 i 


1,300 


9 45 13 


2 30 


200 


9 22 


17 


1 12 ! 


1,400 


9 47 46 


2 33 


300 


9 23 


43 


1 26 


1,500 


9 50 30 


2 44 


400 


9 25 


20 


1 37 


1,600 


9 53 12 


2 42 


500 


9 27 


5 


1 45 -I 


1,700 


9 55 55 


2 43 


600 


9 28 


57 


1 52 ! 


1,800 


9 58 40 


2 45 


700 


9 30 


57 


2 ! 


1,900 


10 1 38 


2 58 


800 


9 33 


3 


2 6 1 


1,940 


10 2 38 


1 


900 
1,000 


9 35 
• 9 37 


15 

28 


2 12 ! 
2 13 ! 








1,960 


10 6 .38 


4 


1,100 


9 40 


9 


2 41 1 









Line parted ; time running, 46jn. 28s. ; no bottom. 

The log was then hove, with the boat heading ESE. Wind SE. by 
S. ; force 3. Sea rough and irregular. The result shows that the boat 
drifted WN W. six-tenths of a knot per hour. 

Febriiary 3. — The sea unusually phosphorescent. Crossed the equa- 
tor at 4h. a. m., in 18° 69' 29" west — having passed a second time 
through the volcanic region. At Oh. 30m. p. m., furled sail — the tem- 
perature lines came in much inclined. Two trials were made at 400 
fathoms ; the results differed 4°. 

Caught a shark seven feet long. Mr. Danels made a deep-sea cast 
from a boat ; wind light, (2 ;) sea smooth — an excellent time for sound- 
ing. The line on the reel was the largest size fishing line, waxed 
throughout, and double first 200 fathoms ; used one 32 shot. When 
3,800 fathoms had run out, Mr. Danels discovered, much to his sur- 
prise, that the line stretched ahead with much inclination, and con- 
tinued so after he had pulled hard for fifteen minutes, and gathered in 
300 fathoms of it; when, finding that the cast was lost, as the line had 
not run up and down, though he had pulled gentl}^ on two oars whilst 
making the cast, he had the foul-line (which harl been hauled in) cut 
off, and the reel end bent to the shot end, and found that the line then 
run out at the rate of six minutes to 100 fathoms, though the shot was 
not acting on it. 



64 



S. Doc. 59. 

February 3, 1852. 



a. m. 

Latitude 0° 18' 5" N., © m. ; longitude 18° 40' 36" W., © 

^ p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. 


m. 


s. 


m. s. 






m. 


s. 


m. ,1. 


Started . . . 


12 


27 


48 




2,000 




22 


20 


2 49 


100 


12 


28 


59 


1 11 


2,100 




26 


5 


3 45 


200 


12 


30 


23 


1 24 


2,200 


1 


29 


53 


3 48 


300 


12 


32 


9 


1 46 


2,300 




33 


38 


3 45 


400 


12 


34 


8 


1 59 


2,400 




37 


37 


3 59 


500 


12 


36 


23 


2 15 


2,500 




42 


45 


5 8 


600 


12 


38 


42 


2 19 


2,600 




46 


43 


3 58 


700 


12 


41 


8 


2 26 


2,700 




50 


32 


3 49 


800 


12 


43 


48 


2 40 


2,800 




54 


22 


3 50 


900 


12 


46 


40 


2 52 


2,900 




58 


17 


3 55 


1,000 


12 


49 


38 


2 58 


3,000 


2 


2 


23 ■ 


4 6 


1,100 


12 


52 


40 


3 2 


3,100 


2 


6 


51 


4 28 


1,200 


12 


55 


50 


3 10 


3,200 


2 


11 


28 


4 37 


1,300 


12 


59 


2 


3 12 


3,300 


2 


16 


4 


4^ 36 


1,400 


1 


2 


16 


3 14 


3,400 


2 


20 


42 


4.38 


1,500 


1 


5 


♦4 


3 28 


3,500 


2 


25 


24 


4 42 


1,600 


1 


9 


2 


3 18 


3,600 


2 


30 


10 


4 46 


1,700 


1 


12 


27 


3 25 


3,700 


2 


34 


35 


4 25 


1,800 


1 


15 


45 


3 18 


3,800 


2 


42 


39 


7 55 


1,900 


1 


19 


31 


3 46 













Stopped line ; time iiinning, 2/t. 14m. 42s. ; no bottom at 2,000. 

The current observations then made from the boat, (which was 
probably its drift,) and the current found by the observations and 
reckoning of the vessel, was eight-tenths knot per hour, setting west- 
wardly. Assumed that there was no bottom at 2,000 fathoms. 

Fehruary 4. — Took temperature soundings from the brig, wliilst 
Lieutenant Commanding Lee and Mr. Danels were making a deep-sea 
cast with a waxed fi.shing line, of medium size, and one shot, from the 
bows of a whale boat. 

The wind was light from SSE., (2.) There was some sea on, bul 
the opportunity was not unfavorable Ic)r sounding. The boat drop})ed 
rapidly hom the shot, from the time it was let go — taking us l)y 
surprise, at first, as this was not the case in other parts of the sea ; 
and though we were using two oars, it was difficidt to pull just 
so much as would keep up to, without sometimes getting aliead ot 
the line. At 1,000 fathoms pulled ahead lour minutes "to get the 
line up and down, and at 2,000 fadioms the line was found again 
tending ahead; pulled ahead, got in JOO fathoms, and found tlio hne 
up and down ; when stopped the sounding and took current observa- 
tions. Both the boat's log and the brig's reckoning show a current of 
one and two-tenths knot, about WNW. To sound in this equatorial cur- 
rent, more weight is necessar\^ to sink the line quickly and straight ; but 
experience shows that our line rarely bears more than one shot. Assume 
no bottom at 1,900 fatlioms. 



S. Doc. 59. 

February 4, 1852. 
Latitude 0° 15' bb" iV., O m. ; longitude 18° 51' 0" W., Q 'p. m 

Boat sounding. — Lieut. Commanding Lee. 



^^ 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


i Fathoms. 

1 


TimeP 


M. 


Interrals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


2 46 53 




i Started... 


3 12 


43 




100 


2 47 52 


59 


i 1,100 


3 15 


45 


3 2 


200 


2 49 16 


1 24 


i 1,200 


3 18 


33 


2 48 


300 


2 50 55 


1 39 


1,300 


3 21 


27 


2 54 


400 


2 52 50 


1 55 


1,400 


3 24 


28 


3 1 


500 


2 54 57 


2 7 


! 1,500 


3 27 


34 


3 6 


600 


2 57 15 


2 18 


1 1,600 


3 30 


50 


3 16 


700 


2 59 50 


2 35 


' 1,700 


3 34 


22 


3 32 


800 


3 2 29 


. 2 39 


1 1,800 


3 38 


18 


3 56 


900 


3 5 16 


2 47 


I 1,900 


3 42 


20 


4 2 


1,000 


3 8 35 


3 19 


2,000 


3 46 


31 


4 11 


Stopped line. 






i 









Stopped the line ; time running, 55m. 30s. ; no bottom at 1,900. 

February 5. — Took temperature soundings from the brig, whilst 
Lieutenant Commanding Lee and Mr. Renshaw were making a deep 
sea cast from a boat. Wind hght ; sea smooth, with moderate swell — 
a good chance to sound. 

Used one shot on the smallest and best line on board, well waxed 
and rubbed, which ran smoothly. It required, from the time the shot 
was let go, great watchfulness on the part of the officer in the bow 
watching the descent of the line, to pull in time, and yet not too much, 
on the oars, so as to keep the Hne running up and down in this current, 
which was evidently affecting the boat. When the line stopped run- 
ning, at 2,850 fathoms, we w^ere surprised to find it tending consider- 
ably ahead. Pulled ahead strong on the oai-s for ten minutes, and 
hauled in 170 fathoms of hne, which brought it up and down^and taut, 
and made the sounding 2,680 fathoms. Owing to the current, this 
sound was not perfectly satisfactory. 
5 



66 S. Doc. 59. 

February 5, 1852. 
Latitude Qo 45' 1" N., Q m.; longitude 18° 28' 40" W.y Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Rensh.\.w. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




;,. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


3 12 


48 




1,500 


3 38 


53 


2 21 


100 


3 13 


39 


51 


1,600 


3 41 


21 


2 28 


200 


3 14 


42 


1 3 


1,700 


3 43 


58 


2 37 


300 


3 15 


58 


1 16 


1,800 


3 46 


40 


2 42 


400 


3 17 


23 


1 25 


1,900 


3 49 


25 


2 45 


500 


3 18 


56 


1 33 


1 2,000 


3 52 


17 


2 52 


600 


3 20 


30 


1 34 


2,100 


3 55 


15 


2 58 


700 


3 22 


12 


1 42 


2,200 


3 58 


5 


2 50 


800 


3 23 


56 


1 44 


; 2,300. 


4 1 


11 


3 6 


900 


3 25 


46 


1 50 


1 2,400 


4 4 


18 


3 7 


1,000 


3 27 


45 


1 59 


2,500 


4 7 


35 


3 17 


1,100 


3 29 


52 


2 7 


i 2,600 


4 10 


25 


2 50 


1,200 


3 31 


59 


2 7 


i 2,700 


4 13 


53 


3 28 


1,300 


3 34 


12 


2 13 


2,800 


4 17 


45 


3 52 


1,400 


3 36 


32 


2 20 


2,850 


4 20 


35 


2 50 



Time running, Ifi. 7m. 47s. ; bottom at 2,680, in Ih. Om. 23s. 

With the" boat anchored by the shot, held on to the hue and hove tlie 
log three times, and found a surface current of one knot per hour, sett- 



ing NW. by W. The reckoning, at 



for the preceding 24 hours, 



showed one and three tenths knot per hour, current setting WNW. 

The soundings of this and the two preceding days have been made 
in the same vicinity. 

Fehruary 6. — The number of condemned shot, and the quantity of 
line used in our experiments and soundings, has been much larger than 
would have been required had our line been good. With but 75,000 
fathoms of line leil, it will be necessary to sound less frequently here- 
after. 

February 7. — Furled sail, broadside to, and took temperature sound- 
ings. The lines came up well astern. Sea highly phosphorescent. 

Fehruary 8. — Furled sail, though it w^as nearly calm, and took tem- 
perature soundings. The lines w^ent down, and came up, nearly up 
and down. These temperatures are as good as can be got from water 
brought up in wooden cylinders. We had a light air from SW. for 
one or two hours to-day. The sea is very phosphorescent. The trail 
from the conductor resembled a bar of burnished light. Lost the SE. 
trades to-day in 2° 15' N. and 15° 45' W. 

February 9. — Prepared to try the temperatures with one of Green's 
marine thermometers in an iron bottle, and by the water brought up at 
the same trial and from the same depth in a wooden cylinder. A dead 
calm ; water smooth and glassy. Furled sail, though it is now calm, 
to prevent injur}' to the observations, or lines, should a breeze spring 
up during the operation. With the surface water at 81°, cast with 50 
fathoms of line up and down, at which depth Green's thermometer 
registered a temperature of 56*°, whilst the water brouglit up in the 



S. Doc. 59. 67 

wooden cylinder from the same depth was 67^°, as shown by the ther- 
mometer used for the surface water. The thermometer and the cylin- 
ders remained down 10 minutes, and the line came in up and down. 
At 200 fathoms depth, with surface water same as before, the same 
Green's thermometer registered 51J°, and the water brought up in the 
same wooden cylinder, same time and depth, was 63°. The line came 
in up and down in 12 minutes time, after the thermometer and cylin- 
ders had remained 25 minutes at the 200 fathoms to cool. Then made 
a cast with 400 fathoms line ; having two of Green's marine ther- 
mometers in an iron bottle, and one wooden cylinder, bent on just 
above a 561b. Stellwagen lead. In hauling in the line it parted at 200 
fathoms. 

This loss of Green's thermometers prevented continuing the observa- 
tions to a greater depth and verifying those just made. Green's ther- 
mometer is too easily deranged to suit this service. Then made an- 
other cast with a 561b. Stellwagen lead to 900 fathoms of deep sea 
line, using a wooden cylinder (served with tarred fishing line) weighing 
eight pounds, and a composition metal cylinder weighing 33^1bs. Both 
cylinders were fitted with a valve at each end, opening upwards. The 
line parted when but 320 fathoms had been hauled in. This line was 
new. It was a calm time and the sea was smooth. 

Condemned and threw overboard 672 lbs. of navy biscuits, utterly 
destroyed by weevil, all of which was new bread, part of it brought 
out in this vessel, the balance in the store-ship direct from home, and 
from which we received provisions at Porto Praya. 

At night the sea was very phosphorescent, and in places which had 
been distm'bed by catspaws it had every appearance of surf. Por- 
poises, and other fish breaking the water, were at first reported by the 
lookouts as lights. 

Felruary 10. — Examining and picking over the ship's biscuit, much 
of which is infested with weevil. The bread rooms are in the ward- 
room and cabin, and are dry. 

Mr. Danels relieved Mr. Mayo, who had been assisting the master 
since we sailed from the United States in making observations and 
computations especially required for this cruise. At 8h. a. m., in 2J° 
N., 15JO w., a light breeze made from SSW. 

February 11. — Took temperature soundings with all sails furled. 

February 12. — At 2h. a. m., took the trades, moderate (4) from S. 
by E., in latitude 1° 35' N., longitude 15° 53' W., the breeze which 
sprang up from SSW. on the morning of the 10th having got to the 
eastward of S. Examined and put new pegs in the cham cables, which 
came up dry and clean from their lockers. At 4h. 20m. p. m., large 
broad spread trade clouds came up, and changed the direction of the 
wind, which had been from S. and SSE. during the day to £SE., until 
these clouds passed over, when the wind steadied at SE* 

Triton's Bank. 

February 13. — At Oh. 20m. a. m., crossod the equator in 16° 58' 45' 
W., and entered the volcanic region for th( : third time. 

At lOh. a. m., commenced sounding, un ler reduced sail, in search of 



S. Doc. 59. 



Triton's Bank, of which the following account is given on page 82 of 
Laurie's Ethiopic Directory, London, 1845 : 

" Captain Proudfbot, in the ship Triton, from Calcutta to Gibraltar, 
passed over a shoal on the 18th of December, 1816, in latitude 0° 32' 
S. and longitude 17° 37' W., by mean of two chronometers, adjusted 
at St. Helena to Captain Horsburgh's longitude. [This corrected 
would be about 17° 4G'.] It appeared to extend in an east and west 
direction three miles, and in a north and south direction one mile. 
Sounded in 23 fathoms brown sand ; saw no appearance of breakers." 

There has been no confirmation of this alleged discovery since 1816. 
At 3h. p. m., being on the position assigned to this shoal, furled sail, 
took temperature soundings, and made a deep sea cast from a boat, 
using one 32-pound shot and waxed line, when Mr. Renshaw tiiought he 
got bottom at 2,840 fathoms ; when he held on to the line and tried 
current observations. The weather was clear whilst we weie sound- 



mg. 



February 13, 1852. 



Latitude 0° 31' 51" S., O m. ; longitude 17° 45' 23" W., Q y. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. VI. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. 3. 


Started . . . 


2 49 


44 




1,600 


3 32 


7 


3 32 


100 


2 50 


54 


1 10 


1,700 


3 35 


37 


3 30 


200 


2 52 


28 


1 34 


1,800 


3 39 


23 


3 46 


300 


2 54 


15 


1 47 


1,900 


3 43 


48 


4 25 


400 


2 56 


20 


2 5 


2,000 


3 47 


27 


3 39 


500 


2 58 


35 


2 15 


2,100 


3 51 


38 


4 11 


600 


3 1 


4 


2 29 


2,200 


3 55 


39 


4 1 


700 


3 3 


33 


2 29 


2,300 


3 59 


42 


4 3 


800 


3 6 


11 


2 38 


Stopped line. 








900 


3 9 


4 


2 53 


Started . . . 


4 2 


9 




1,000 


3 11 


59 


2 55 


2,400 


4 5 


44 


3 35 


1,100 


3 15 


9 


3 10 


2,500 


4 9 


43 


3 59 


1,200 


3 18 


19 


3 10 


2,600 


4 13 


45 


4 2 


1,300 


3 21 


35 


3 16 


2,700 


4 18 





4 15 


1,400 


3 25 


5 


3 30 


2,800 


4 23 


47 


5 47 


1,500 


3 28 


35 


3 30 


2,900 


4 29 


25 


5 38 



Time running, lA. 37»i. 14s. ; bottom at 2,840, in Ih. 33m. 51s. 

We discovered no indication whatever of any shoal here. The ob- 
servations for current, taken from the boat whilst riding to the shot, 
heading ESE., with gentle breeze (3) from SE., were probably influ- 
enced by %li^ swell, which, though moderate, was somewhat irregular. 

At sunset the clouds (cumulus) in the west were beautifully tinted 
with orange color, from 20° above the horizon to the zenith ; whilst in 
the east the same color extended from the horizon to 35° of altitude. 

February 14. — At 61i. 30m. a. m. took temperature soundings from 
the brig and made a deep sea cast from the boat with one 32-pound 
shot fmd 1,000 fathoms of the fishing-line, [unwaxed ;] no bottom. The 
line parted before current observations could be made. 



S. Doc. 59. 6 

February 14, 1852. 
Latitude 0° 43' 35" S., D a. m.; longitude 18° 45' 15" W., © a. m. 



Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A M. 


Intervals. 


1 Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started , . . 


6 49 32 




1 600 


6 59 26 


1 22 


100 


•• 6 50 25 


53 


1 700 


7 2 15 


2 49 


200 


6 51 45 


1 20 


I 800 


7 5 15 


3 


300 


6 53 35 


1 50 


j 900 


• 7 8 30 


3 15 


400 


6 55 38 


2 3 


! 1,000 


7 11 45 


3 15 


500 


6 58 4 


2 26 


! 







Line parted ; time running, 22m. 13s. ; no bottom. 

At 4h. 30m. p. m., the sun was obscured to us, but shining upon the 
water at a distance, for a little while had somewhat the appearance of 
surf. A long broken swell from the southward. 

Bouvet's Sandy Island. 

February 15. — At 6h. p. m., we were in the position assigned in 
1761 to Bouvet's sandy island, of which the following account is given 
on p. 81 of Laurie's Ethiopic Directory, London, 1845 : 

" On the 3d of May, 1761, Le Vaillant, Captain Bouvet, about 
1 p. m., saw a small sandy island, which bore N. by E. The latitude 
by the reckoning at noon was about 23' south, and their longitude, 
reckoned from the sight of Ferro island, which they made on the 8th of 
April, was about 19° 10' west." Furled sail, took good temperature 
soundings from the brig, and sounded from a boat with one 32-pound 
shot, unwaxed line, to 1,500 fathoms' depth, without getting bottom. 

February 15, 1852. 
Latitude 0° 26' 0" S., © m.; longitude 19° 9' 30" W., ? p. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Mr. Mayo. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


5 56 11 




1 800 


6 12 48 


2 52 


100 


5 57 12 


1 1 


900 


6 15 51 


3 3 


200 


5 58 39 


1 27 


1,000 


6 19 6 


3 15 


300 


6 25 


1 46 


1,100 


6 22 29 


3 23 


400 


6 2 26 


2 1 


1,200 


6 25 58 


3 29 


500 


6 4 40 


2 14 


1,300 


6 29 37 


3 39 


600 


6 7 13 


2 33 


1,400 


6 33 24 


3 47 


700 


6 9 56 


2 43 


1,500 


6 37 15 


3 51 



Time running, 41m. 4s. ; no bottom. 



70 



S. Doc. 59. 



Had extra lookouts, and made a careful examination from aloft with 
a spyglass without seeing anything of a " sandy island," or any ap- 
pearance of any shoal or danger. 

Aquila Reef, or Shock. 

February 16. — When we rounded to, at 3 p. m., to lurl sail and sound, 
the sholes of albicore and bonito, which had been keeping up with the 
vessel, immediately disappeared. Repeated the temperature observa- 
tions. The results differ. There was a long swell from* northward 
and eastward, and the lines came in much inclined. Those of the 
second trial, when th(? cylinder had cooled, are lower than the results 
got in the first trial. JMr. Hall (officer of the boat) reports that there 
was certainly no bottom at 1,960 fathoms, using one shot and the 
waxed Une, and it appears that the counter under-surface currents pre- 
vented his getting a good cast beyond that. 

February 16, 1852. 
Latitude 0° 22' 50" S., Q in.; longitude 21° 6' 32" W., ;?. m. 

Boat sounding. — jNIr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




/(. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


2 51 


51 




1,300 


3 21 


10 


3 13 


100 


2 52 


50 


59 


l'400 


3 24 


29 


3 19 


200 


2 54 


17 


1 27 


1,500 


3 27 


48 


3 19 


300 


2 55 


50 


1 33 


1,600 


3 31 


19 


3 31 


400 


2 57 


44 


1 54 


1,700 


3 34 


49 


3 30 


500 


2 59 


49 


2 5 


1 1,800 


3 38 


•21 


3 32 


600 


3 1 


18 


1 29 


1,900 


3 42 


3 


3 42 


700 


3 3 


43 


2 25 


1,960 


3 44 





1 57 


800 


3 6 


16 


2 33 


Stopped line. 








900 


3 8 


58 


2 42 


1 Started... 


4 26 


3 




1,000 


3 11 


53 


2 55 


1 2,000 


4 28 


3 


2 


1,100 


3 14 


53 


3 


i 2,075 


4 31 


35 


3 32 


1,200 


3 17 


57 


3 4 


1 









Cut the line ; time running, 57hi. 41s. ; no bottom at ],960. 

This current he found, from three good agiTcing trials, to be E. by 
S. liir knot per hour. It astonished Mr. Hall to see the nipper bags 
going to windward against wind and sea and surface current at so 
rapid a rate. [The foot square leaded blbck, to which the current log 
line was attaclied, hung by 80 fatlioms of line to these nipper bags.] 

This cast was made, according to good observations of the sun, in 
the position assigned to Aquila reef, or shock, (1831,) of whicli the fol- 
lowing account is given on p. 82 of Laurie's Ethiopic Directory, Lon- 
don, 1845 : 

" On the 12th of April, 1831, the Aquila, of Scarborough, Captain 
John Taylor,'was in latitude 0^ 22' 15" S. and longitude 21° 6' 30" W., 
light winds and fine pleasant weather. At 40 minutes p. m., the water 
being very smooth, and the ship going at the rate of five knots, a loud 



S. Doc. 59. 71 

rumbling noise was heard under her bottom, and a sensation felt ex- 
actly like that of a vessel sliding over a rock ; the rudder was so much 
agitated that the man who was steering could scarcely hold the wheel. 

" No difference could be observed in the color of the water, nor the 
smallest rippling. The captain concluded at first that it must have 
been a rock ; but after arriving in London there was not, on examina- 
tion, the least sign of any rub on the copper ; and it w^as concluded 
that there must have been, in the spot above mentioned, a volcanic 
eruption, the shock of which did not exceed 15 seconds. 

The situation of the Aquila was verv near that of the Silhouette, in 
1754." 

At 6h. p. m., passed over Le Pacifique shock, of which the following 
account is given on page 81 of Laurie's Ethiopic Directory, London, 
1845: 

" October 3, 1771, Le Facifique frigate. Captain Bonfils, in a voyage 
from the Cote d'Or to St. Domingo, felt, at 8 p. m., a shock, or ex- 
traordinary trembling, similar to that which is felt on a vessel's ground- 
ing, or rather Hke that of a launch. They put back immediately and 
sounded, but without finding bottom. They were in latitude 0° 42' S. ; 
longitude, by reckoning, 22° 47' W. The sea was greatly agitated — 
M. Daussyy 

We saw no appearance of danger, nor experienced any shock. At 
2h. p. m., on the 21st of January, we passed nearly over the same 
spot, and near noon of that day sounded when about 9 miles NE. by N. 
of it with 2,125 fathoms of line without finding bottom. 

Febniary 17. — Condemned 240 pounds of very bad bread, and got 
1,000 pounds of good, well baked bread from a Hamburg ship, and for 
less than the contract navy bread cost when delivered at Porto Praya. 

Crown Reef. 

Febniary 18. — Searching for Crown Reef, of which the following 
account is given in Laurie's Ethiopic Dictionary, London, 1845, p. 82: 

" On the 9di of February, 1835, the barque Crown, of Liverpool, 
after crossing the equator with a pleasant breeze at ESE., and running 
at the rate of 6^ knots, at lOf p. m. touched the ground and grated for 
a short time with the keel, as if passing over a coral reef ; so soon as 
clear the boat was lowered down, but no bottom was found at 120 
fathoms depth. The latitude of the spot Avas 57 minutes south, and 
the mean longitude, by chronometer and lunars, 23° 19' W." 

At 7h. 20m. a. m. begun sounding. At 9h. 45m. a. m. took temper- 
ature soundings from the vessel, and made an up and down cast of 
1,500 fathoms from a boat, without getting bottom; used one 32-pound 
shot and unwaxed line. There was a heavy swell, and a somewhat 
rough and irregular surface sea on. 



72 



S. Doc. 59. 



February 18, 1852. 

Latitude 1^ 2' 13" S., © m.; Mgitude 23o 17' 45" W., Q a. m. 

Boat soundwg. — Mr. Ren'shaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms, j 

i 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. HI. s. 


m. s. 


i 


/*. Wl. 


s. 


HI. s. 


Started... 


10 20 




800 \ 


10 39 





3 20 


100 


10 21 5 


1 5 


900 


10 42 


37 


3 37 


200 


10 22 40 


1 35 


1,000 


10 4G 


18 


3 41 


300 


10 24 30 


1 50 


1.100 


10 50 


4 


3 46 


400 


10 26 50 


2 20 


1,200 


10 53 


59 


3 55 


500 


10 29 34 


2 44 


1,300 1 











600 


10 32 32 


2 58 


1,400 i 


11 2 


27 


8 28 


700 


10 35 40 


3 8 


1,500 j 


11 7 


02 


4 35 



Line parted; time running, 47m. 2s. ; no bottom. 

At 2h. p. in., wlieii in the position assigned to Crown Reef, furled 
sail and sounded from a boat with 1,100 fathoms of triple-strength hne 
and one 32-pound shot, but got no bottom. Mr. Mayo, witli the boat 
thus anchored, made current observations, having the log hne fast to 
the nipper bags whilst trying under currents. He thinks the surface 
current found was only heave of the sea. It took the shot 32m. to run 
down this 1,100 fathoms of this triple-strength line, (which was three 
times the size of the fishing-line used for deep sea casts,) and it required 
Ih. 13m. to reel it up in the boat. It would take much time to recover 
the fishing-line used for a deep sea sounding, so that this kind of line is 
always cut away after the cast and current observations are made, if 
it holds so long. It would not pay for lost time to haul in several thou- 
sand fathoms of line to recover a shot, without getting a specimen of 
the bottom. If time could be spared for hauling it in, and if it could 
be got in without parting, it would probably be too much strained for 
another trial. We saw no indication of a reef or shoal in this vicinity. 

February 19. — Kx 4h. p. m. took temperature observations from the 
vessel, and made a cast of 1,100 fathoms triple size line up and down 
from a boat — no bottom. 

The current observations recorded are the mean of three agreeing 
trials, at the given depths, made whilst the boat was anchored, by the 
1,100 fathoms of this line to one 32-pound shot. At the sub-surface 
trials the current log line was made fast to the block itself. 

At 9 p. m. passed out of the volcanic region in latitude 1° 48' S., 
longitude 25° W., lor the last time this cruise. After giving tliis re- 
gion a carefiil examination, [see general track chart,] making many 
deep sea soundings, searching around and sounding over or near many 
of the places assigned to reported volcanoes or shocks, imd shoals, we 
have seen no sign of any danger whatever. 



S. Doc. 59. 73 



CHAPTER V. 

Obaerrations for variation at sea — Touch at Fernando de Noronha twice — Measure differ- 
ence of longitude between it and Pernambuco — Yellow fever in Brazil — Unsuccessful 
search for " Vigia south of Fernando de Noronha" — Land on the Rocas reef— Determine 
its position, &c. — Serious errors in some previous authorities shown — Current off Cape St. 
Roque — Suggest explanation of the difficulty of getting round that point. 

Febrvhry 20. — Saw a sail. At 4h. 30m. p. m. observed several sets 
of azimuths of the sun, for variation, heading S. W. ; then tacked and 
repeated the observations, heading N. E. by E. The mean result of 
the last sets of azimuths was 34' less than the former ; then shortened 
sail and took temperature soundings. 

The columns of the abstract log show the daily results of the obser- 
vations made for determining the variation of the compass. The fol- 
lowing table exhibits some of the differences in the results obtained by 
two good observers at the same time, place, and under similar circum- 
stances, and both before and after tacking, differences of observation 
greater than the local deviation of the Dolphin, with no guns, iron 
davits, small arms, or heavy iron work near the binnacles : 



74 



S. Doc. 59. 






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S. Doc. 59. 75 

February 21. — At lOh. a. m. furled sail and took temperature sound- 
ings from the brig. Cast with 1,100 fathoms triple size line without 
getting bottom, and made current observations from a boat. The 
weather was favorable, and the log line, when trying the under surface 
currents, was attached to the current block. Lost the patent log at 
night ; supposed to have been bitten off by a fish. 

February 22. — Saw two sail. At 2h.. SOm. p. m. furled sail and took 
temperature soundings ; got an up and down cast from a boat, using one 
32-pound shot and 700 fathoms triple size line ; and with the boat thus 
anchored made current observations. At 4 p. m., whilst sounding, saw 
from the deck the peak of Fernando de Noronha, bearing S. 84*^ W., 
(true,) distant 40 nautical miles. Our position at the time was deduced 
from good observations of the sun at noon for latitude, and by good 
observations of the moon and Venus at twilight that evening, which 
gave agreeing results for longitude. This position has been corrected 
for the error of the mean of our chronometers, ascertained two days 
afterwards on the meridian of the citadel of Fernando, (in longitude 
34° 24' 27" W.,) from our measurement of the difference of longitude 
between this citadel and Fort Picao in longitude 34° 51' 45" W. — (Raper, 
1849.) 

The weather looked threatening at times this afternoon, but the visi- 
bility of distant objects is marked in the log as very great. 

February 23. — Begins squally with large swell from SE.- At 12h. 
25m. p. m. saw the peak of Fernando from aloft, on the lee bow. 
Brought it right ahead and got its compass bearing W. by S. f S. Our 
position in latitude from observations of the sun at noon, and in longi- 
tude from the mean of a. m. and p. m. sights, subsequentl}^ corrected 
for error of g hronometers on the meridian of the citadel of Fernando ; 
made the distance of the peak again just 40 miles, bearing WSW. 
(true.) At lOh. 40m. p. m. anchored in the roadstead, off the citadel, 
in 16 fathoms water. 

February 24. — Bearings from anchorage. Northern Twin, S. 60° 
W. Peak, S. 21° 30' W. Mount St. Michaels, S. 85° E. At sun- 
rise procured a catamaran and landed a party through a considerable 
surf at the landing place, which is a police station on the eastern side 
of Chaloup bay. Lieutenant Commanding Lee called upon the gov- 
ernor, who gave us permission to make some astronomical observations, 
and sold us a little firesh beef for the crew, at a high price, from the 
hospital stores. The governor, an infirm old colonel of the Brazilian 
army, would only consent, according to his interpreter, to let us have a 
few hundred gallons of w^ater, and failed to let the convicts fill our 
casks, (as stipulated, and for which they were to be paid,) for our boats 
to haul off through the surf at Water Cove, on the west side of the 
citadel, where the government has a well. So our boats returned with- 
out any water to-day. Mr. Barbot and Mr. Danels made observations 
at the citadel, witli sextants and artificial horizon for rating our 
chronometers. Learned on enquiry of the governor, that there are 103 
officers and soldiers, 310 prisoners, and 287 other persons, men, women, 
and children, on the island, which is beautiful and fertile, though but 
little cultivated. In other hands than those of the Brazilians, and used 
for other purposes than an abode for convicts, navigation might have 



76 » S. Doc. 59. 

the benefit of a first class light on this island, and an abundant supply 
of water and refreshments — such as beef, poultr}', vegetables, and fruit. 
Since the yellow fever broke out, several years ago, along the coast 
of Brazil, which was previously exempt tiom that scourge, and has 
now become a fixed local disease in the Brazilian sea ports, this island 
becomes daily more important as a convenient place to touch at for 
supplies. As a coal depot lor our steam navy its importance cannot 
be too highly appreciated. The harbor admits of eas}'' improvement, 
and the island of easy defence. 

The valuable discoveries of Lieutenant Maur}^ U. S. navy, have 
caused this part of the sea to be much more frequented than fninerly. 
Vessels bound to the East Indies or to California, find the best winds 
and make the quickest passages by using Lieutenimt Maury's wind 
and current charts, and avoiding the African or eastern, and adopting 
his American or western route over the Atlantic. Whilst the policy of 
the United States has hitherto avoided the trouble and expense of distant 
colonial possessions, it must always be a matter of much interest to us 
that such convenient islands as the Cape de Verde group, and Fernando 
de Noronha, &c., should be in the possession of nations having the neces- 
sary energy and disposition to make them most useful to the wants of 
commerce. Called again upon the governor and found him more 
accommodating. His interpreter, a vicious pris6ner, made the misun- 
derstanding yesterday. 

February 2b ajid 26. — In a day and a half, with our small boats, a 
cutter and two whale boats, got off about 1,500 gallons of sweet water, 
hauled off through the surt" in breakers, filled by the convicts. 
Observed by heaving the log hourly, that the greatest set of tide in the 
roadstead was -to of a knot westerly. The usual precautions to keep 
the crew from getting liquor are as necessary here as elsewhere, though 
this island is under mihtary police. 

. February 27. — Got underwa}'- at daylight. Boarded a Russian yacht 
just from Pernambuco, and learned thai it is healthy there, though there 
is yellow fever at Para, and other Brazilian ports. At llh. 40m. a. m., 
when off the west end of the island, a lookout reported a rock close on 
the lee beam, and in plain sight from the deck. Hove to, lowered a boat, 
and dispatched Mr. Danels to examine it. The supposed rock proved 
to be two large turtles, somehow locked together, which slowly went 
down when the boat got up to them. This is another illustration of the 
many ways in which so many vigias happen to get on the charts. Saw 
one sail. Vivid sheet lightning in the east at sunset. 

For 4 days in November, 8 days in December, (1851,) 17 days in 
January, and 16 days in February, (1852,) the reckoning was care- 
fully made up at noon from the run both by patent log and common 

The daily difference was sometimes as much as 11 miles, though 
the judgment of the officer of the deck (who always hove tlie log) was 
insensibly infiuenced by habitual comparison with the patent log. The 
average daily difference was 3 or 4 miles. The patent log sometimes 
showed least, but generally nnxst run ; agreed closest with the measure- 
ments by astronomical observations, and was always adopted. More 
attention should be paid to this important instrument. It should be 



S. Doc. 59. 



77 



carefully constructed and tested, and commonly used when the wind is 
not too light. 

February 28. — Scrubbed paint work. At 3h. 30m. p. m., wdth all 
sails furled, took temperature soundings. The lines came in with but 
little inclination. Mr. Hall sounded iirom a boat with 1,100 fathoms 
triple sized line, (viz : three times the size of the fishing line used in 
deep sea soundings,) and one armed 32-pound lead ; no bottom. The 
surface current is the result of five good agreeing trials, three of them 
with a fight air from southward and eastward, and the others with a 
fight air from northward and eastward. 

The current at 10, and at 80 fathoms, is the result of three good 
agreeing trials in each case. By heaving the log from the boat whilst 
it was pulfing back at an even rate, and noting the time it was return- 
ing, found that the brig had drifted 1^^ knots during the two hours the 
boat had been absent. The boat left the brig after sail was furled, and 
returned before it was loosed again. This, though but little more than 
half the rate of surface current found by the boat, agi'ees with the 
average rate of current deduced from the point of departure on the 
27th, and the position at noon on the 29th. 

February 29. — At 5h. 30m. a. m., clewed up all sail, lowered a boat 
to try currents, then furled all sail, and took temperatures from the brig. 
Mr. Renshaw got bottom with one 32-pound shot and waxed line at 
2490 fathoms, and reports the cast a very satisfactory one. 

February 29, 1852. 
Latitude 5° 32' 41" S., © m.; longitude 32° 43' 52" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. ; 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h m. 


s. 


1 
m. s. j 




h. m. 


s. 


in. s. 


Started... 


5 48 


43 




1,300 


6 20 


12 


3 27 


100 


5 49 


52 


1 9 


1,400 


6 23 


52 


3 40 


200 


5 51 


25 


1 33 ! 


1,500 


6 27 


38 


3 46 


300 


5 53 


4 


i 39 i 


1,600 


6 31 


25 


3 47 


400 


5 55 


1 


1 57 1 


1,700 


6 35 


25 


4 


500 


5 57 


11 


2 10 1 


1,800 


6 39 


32 


4 7 


600 


5 59 


30 


2 19 


1,900 


6 43 


45 


4 13 


700 


6 1 


55 


2 25 ' 


2,000 


6 48 





4 15 


800 


6 4 


38 


2 43 \ 


2,100 


6 52 


23 


4 23 


900 


6 7 


27 


2 49 j 


2,200 


6 56 


56 


4 33 


1,000 


6 10 


20 


2 53 1 


2,300 


7 1 


42 


4 46 


1,100 


6 13 


27 


3 7 1 


2,400 


7 6 


22 


4 40 


1,200 


6 16 


45 


3 18 1 


2,490 


7 11 





4 38 



Bottom ; time running, l/i. 22ni. 17s. 

The surface cuiTcnt observations arc the mean of three agi-eeing 
trials made whilst the boat rode steadil}'' to her shot and long cable, 
which inclined but sfightly. Saw" one sail. 

March 1. — At 6h. a. m. clewed up all sail, lowered a boat to try 
currents, then furled all sail and took temperature soundings from the 
brig ; the fines came up with considerable inclination. At the 400 



78 S. Doc. 59. 

fathom cast, the line took 9m. to run out, and 4Gm. to come in on the 
winch. 

At 8h. 30m. made sail, and hove to tor the boat, which having the 
triple sized line to haul in, which is strong enough to be hauled in, takes 
more time than when soimding with tlie single fishing line. Mr. Mayo 
got no bottom, sounding Irom the boat with 1,100 fatlioms of triple size 
fishing line, which ran out with a 32-pound lead armed with soap in 
32m., and was reeled up in Ih. 32m. The current observations are the 
mean of three trials in each case, and made when the boat had settled 
to the shot after the cast was got. During tliesc trials, thougli the wind 
was moderate (4) and sea rough from east, the boat was ap2:)arcnlly 
steady, for the water passed freely b}'^ her. At 3h. 16m. p. m., furled 
sail, with the land about Olinda in sight, and took temperature obser- 
vations. Anchored a boat with a kedge in 45 fathoms water, coral 
and gravel bottom, and tried the currents, making three good trials 
with agreeing results each time. The sea was rather rough. 

Pernambuco. 

March 2. — At 1 p. m. anchored inside the reef, using the pilot's 
launch and crew. Waited on our consul, and found there was yellow 
fever here, with fatal cases on board the vessels. 

March 3. — The crew scrubbed their hammocks, bags, and clothes, 
with fresh water — a good sanitary measure. The English monthly 
mail steamer from Southampton to Rio, which touches at the Cape dc 
Verdes, arrived and anchored in the outer anchorag^. Mr. Barbot and 
Mr. Danels took sights at the marine arsenal, (not having been able to 
get into Fort Picao, which is in a dilapidated condition,) to give the 
difference of longitude between the citadel at 'Fernando do Noronha 
and this place. Business is done here in a very slow manner, and our 
suppHes, of w^hich a prompt delivery was promised, were sent off very 
tardily. The commander of a Brazilian man-ot-war in harbor to-day, 
replied to the remark that, while our vessels came to Brazil, its navy 
did not visit the United States, with the acknowledgment that the latter 
was necessary at home — perhaps to prevent insurrection in a popula- 
tion of largel}' mixed races, viz, Portugese, Indian, and African. Sent 
a boat for, and received an official visit from our consul. The con- 
tractor delivered a part of the provisions and wood ; the latter small 
green sticks. 

March 4. — The temperature of the water inside ol" the reef appears 
to be influenced by the tides, and is lowest at low w^ater. 

The Brazilian mail steamer arrived to-da}^ from Para, and reports 
that there is no yellow fever there. The Russian yacht which we met 
at Fernando de Noronha, just from this place, informed us that there 
was no yellow fever here, but that it prevailed at Para. Having filled 
up with water, (which is excellent,) and received the greater part of 
the provisions and wood, warped down near the bar of the reef, and 
crossing it at high water under sail, beat out to the outer anchorage, to 
get away from the fever on board the shipping, and to wait for the 
balance of the stores. 

March 5, 6, 7. — Received some bullocks, vegetables, limes, &c., for 
the crew, and the balance of the ship's stores, on the afternoon of the 



S. Doc. 59. 79 

7th, and immediately got under way and beat off the coast. The crew 
.necessarily received no liberty here, in consequence of the fever, which 
their indulgence ©r exposure on shore would certainly have introduced 
on board. . 

But the fresh provisions which thej have had will be of much benefit 
to iheir health. Clear and soft water was delivered to us in the tank 
eanbes, in which it was brought down the river ; and the provisions 
and stores were brought off in shore boats, to prevent exposure of our 
crew. 

March 8. — Furled sail and took temperature soundings. Got bottom, 
with a shot, at 286 fathoms, from the boat, which drifted too fast to 
allow of trying the currents. A heaYj swell from the southward and 
eastward. Mr. Renshaw relieved Mr. Danels, and will, in turn, per- 
form the duty of assistant master for one month. 

March 9. — Took temperatm'e sounding. Tried currents from boat 
during a lull. Sea rough ; observations not very good. Cast with a 
triple-strength line and one 32-pound armed lead; no bottom at 900 
fathoms up and down. * 

ViGIA SOUTH OF FeRNANDO DE NoRONHA. 

March 10. — Sounding, and searching for a " vigia" laid down on the 
admiralty chart of 1836, in latitude 4° 42' to 4° 45' S., and longi- 
tude 32^ 43' to 32° 46' W., over which location we passed, ac- 
cording to our dead reckoning, on the afternoon of the 28th February, 
when going to Pernambuco. At 3 p. m., being in the position assigned 
to this vigia, furled sail, took temperature soundings from on board, 
and sounded from a boat with 1,250 fathoms of line without getting bot- 
tom, and tried the current. The sea was rough, breeze fresh, and ob- 
servations indifferent. Saw no indication of an}?" shoal or danger within 
the radius of our vision from this position. (See track chart.) 

The transparenc}' of the sea, as found from the boat, was two 
fathoms less than that observed from the brig. 

March 11. — At dayhght saw the peak of Fernando de Noronha, bear- 
ing NE^N., distant 32 miles. At 3h. 35m. p. m. anchored off the cita- 
del, in 14 fathoms water. The Brazihan government's transport brig, 
which keeps up the communication with Pernambuco, from whence 
the supphes for this island are brought'^ sailed, as we came in, with the 
ex-governor on board. As Pernambuco bears from Fernando de No- 
ronha about SSWfW., (distant 300 miles,) the southeast trades make 
a fair, or nearly fair, wind both ways. The passage is usually made 
within four days from the island, and three days from the main. Our 
boat could not land, owing to the surf; and we could not obtain a ca- 
tamaran, as the}^ were all kept hauled up at the landing by the new 
authorities. There is an evident disposition to discourage vessels from 
touching here. 

March 12. — Mr. Barbot and Mr. Renshaw took observations at the 
citadel, to determine the rates of our chronometers since we left here, 
and the difference of longitude from the marine arsenal landing, at Per- 
nambuco. Set up the rigging, but did not black it down, though this 
was much needed, from a dispclsition not to expose the crew, who were 
just from a j^ellow fever port. 



80 



S. Doc. 59. 











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S. Doc. 59. 



81 



March 13. — Got under way for the Rocas reef. At lOh. 20m. a. m., 
the weather misty, lost sight of the peak from the deck, having run 
from it, by the log, 25^ miles, WfS. At llh. 5m. lost sight of it from 
aloft, having run three miles further. At noon furled sail, took temper- 
ature soundings from the brig, (which are recorded in the order in 
which they were made,) sounded and tried currents from a boat, whilst 
anchored with a 32-pound shot and 2,150 fathoms of line, [waxed,] 
at which depth Mr. Danels reported bottom. 

March 13, 1852. 
Latitude 3° 51' 41" S., O m.; longitude 33o 2' 14" fV., 9 p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Interyals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intei-vals, 




h. 711. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


12 7 


14 




1,200 


12 34 


26 


3 7 


100 


12 8 


17 


1 3 


1,300 


12 37 


37 


3 11 


200 


12 9 


39 


1 22 


1,400 


12 41 


1 


3 24 


300 


12 11 


22 


1 43 


1,500 


12 44 


33 


3 32 


400 


12 13 


15 


1 53 


1,600 


12 48 


3 


3 30 


500 


12 15 


21 


2 6 


1,700 


12 51 


33 


3 30 


600 


12 17 


38 


2 17 


1,800 


12 55 


15 


3 42 


700 


12 20 


7 


2 29 


1,900 


12 59 


17 


4 9 


800 


12 22 


35 


2 28 


2,000 


1 3 


7 


3 50 


900 


12 25 


22 


2 47 


2,100 


1 6 


58 


3 51 


1,000 


12 28 


12 


2 50 


2,180 


1 11 


48 


4 50 


1,100 


12 31 


19 


3 7 

i 











Time running. \h. 4m. 34s; bottom at 2,150, in \h. 2m. 45s. 

The current observations were not good, as the sea was rather high. 
The log was hove from the boat as it returned and the time of return- 
ing noted, which showed that the brig had drifted northwest two miles 
in 2h. 45m., whilst lying to under bare poles and square yards. 

March 14.— At 8 a. m., four sail in sight; mustered the crew, and 
Mr. Barbot read the articles of war to the officers and crew, which had 
been necessarily omitted on the first Sunday of this month. At 2h. 
30m. p. m., large flocks of black gulls in sight, and a few minutes 
afterwards breakers (the Rocas) were reported from the topsail yard, 
distant 10 miles. Hove to and sounded ; no bottom at 70 fathoms up 
and down. Filled away under easy sail and sounded during the after- 
noon. At 6h. p. m. anchored under the lee of the Rocas, (Sand Island 
bearing, per compass, ESE., distant If miles,) in 18 fathoms water, 
and veered to 90 fathoms on the stream chain and cable. Sounded 
round the vessel, in a boat, and found the bottom to be of flat coral, 
and the depth from 18 to 19 fathoms water. 

March 15. — Saw a brig standing to the northward and westward. 
At 7 a. m. Lieutenant Commanding Lee and Mr. Elliott with the in- 
struments in one boat, and Mr. Renshaw in the other, left for the reef 
The boats sounded to and along the reef, which they examined, one on 
the northern, and the other on the western side, for a landino-, but the 



82 S. Doc. 59. 

sea everywhere broke badly, as if the rollers passed over jagged coral. 
Towards high water Mr. Renshaw found that it looked much smoother 
under the lee of Sand island, and afterwards, wh(^n both boats were 
there examining the reef, finding his b(Kit already in the surf, pulled in 
and effected the first landing with ease and safety. 

When the tide went out and left the reef bare it apj)eared flat, show- 
ing many crevices and small openings, which had caused the rollers 
to break as though they were striking against pointed pieces of coral. 
Measured a base of 242 fathoms length on Band island, made observa- 
tions for time and azimuth, and took some horizontal angles and bear- 
ings. At sunset dragged the boats safi^dy over the bare reet", and pulled 
without difficulty through the surf. Mr. Renshaw and others of the 
shore-party came off suffering with optlialmy. 

March 16. — In the morning, Lieutenant Commanding Lee, Mr. Bar- 
bot, Mr. Mayo, and Mr. Elliott, with a small party of seamen, landed 
on the Rocas, using the small metallic fife-boat to cross on the reef, to 
prevent injury to the bottoms of the whale boats. Put up signals and 
determined the extent of the reefj and of the islands and prominent 
rocks. Took some astronomical and tidal observations, and returned 
on board at sunset. Tiie current yesterday and to-day at our achorage 
set from between SSE. and E. by S. fj-om ro ^o ro knots per hour. 
The commanding officer and several of the shore-party affected by 
opthalmy, caused by the great glare of the sand island? and heat of a 
vertical snn. 

March 17. — Squally and rainy. Got underway. Employed until 
the 28th in computing some of the observations, making a plat of the 
reef, and trying currents in its vicinit}', ascertaining that there was no 
visible danger within ten or fifteen miles of the reef", and in endeavoring 
to determine the extent of soundings from the reef". Squally weather, 
baffling winds, calms and currents, preventerl the full execution of this 
last object. 

The centre of this low and dangerous reef is in latitude 3° 5]' 27" 
south, and longitude 33° 48' 57" west, and is 84 miles due west of the 
peak of Fernando de Noronha. The reef extends about 1| miles in 
latitude, and nearly If miles in longitude, and is covered at high water, 
with the exception of Sand and Grass islands on the west, and the 
scattered rocks on the south and east sides. These objects are from 
ten to fifteen feet above the reef, which is formed of coral, generally 
level, though with many holes in it. In case of a vessel striking on 
the weather side of it, (SE.,) the chance of saving life would be small. 
When about ten miles off', the breakers were first seen f"rom aloft; 
then the two low islands and the black rock soon appear. Sea birds 
abound, but there is no guano, owing to the rains. The eg]^s of the 
guUs were plentiful and good. There is no wood or f"resh water. 
There is bad anchorage from one to two miles northwest of Sand island 
in from 15 to 18 fathoms, coral bottom. We fijund coral bottom at 15 
fathoms, 6 miles east of th(i reef, but no bottom at 30 fathoms, 2^ miles 
NNE., nor at 70 fitthoms, 4 miles SW. of it. 

The tide rises about 5 feet. The lagoon, in which we saw many 
turtle, has from 1 to 4 feet water at low tide, and shows white fiom 
the masthead at 4 or 5 miles distance. The; anchors and cable on the 



S. Doc. 59. 83 

SW. part of the reef and the remains of a wrecked vessel on the N. 
E. side of Grass island, appear to have been on the reef a long time. 
A light-house on this reef would be very useful to vessels. The vessel 
which the Brazilian government uses to keep up frequent communica- 
tion between Pernambuco and Fernando de Noronha, might readily 
deliver to the keepers all the supplies they required. 

The latitude, longitude, and variation, determined at the astronomi- 
cal station at the end of the base-line on the north end of Sand Island, 
(Rocas) are as follows : 



84 



S. Doc. 59. 



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S. Doc. 59. 



85 



The following table gives the position heretofore assigned to the 
Rocas reef, by different authorities : 



Authority. 


Assigned position. 


Name. 


Date. 


Edition. 


Page in 
table. 


Latitude. 


Longitude W. 
of Greenwich. 


Purdy's Directory 

Bowditch's Navigator. . . . 

Do do 

Do do 

Do do 

Blunt 's Coast Pilot 

Raper's Navigation 


London, 1845 
N. York, 1849 
N. York, 1849 
N. York, 1852 
N. York, 1852 
N.York, 1850 
London, 1849 


3d 
19th 
19th 
21st 
21st 
16th 

3d 


14 
338 
355 
338 
355 
640 

45 


' " 
3 55 OS. 

3 52 S. 

3 55 OS. 

3 52 S. 

3 55 OS. 

3 55 OS. 

3 55 OS. 


O ' II 

33 30 W. 
33 10 W. 
33 10 W. 
33 10 W. 
33 44 W. 
33 10 W. 
33 44 W. 



The discrepancy in two different tables in the same edition of Bow- 
dilch, for 1852, is 3m. in latitude, and 34m. in longitude. Blunt's 
Coast Pilot, for 1850, places this low and dangerous reef 39m. east of 
its true position in longitude. 

The current, in the vicinity of this reef, sets from between SE. by 
E. and E. by N., at the rate of from eight-tenths to one and five-tenths 
knots per hour, as found by the daily difference between our position 
by reckoning when running by the patent log, and that deduced from 
good astronomical observations. The surface current, found by trials 
on four different days, during the same period, sets from between SE. 
and E. by N. from nine-tenths to one and four-tenths knots per hour. At 
our anchorage, under the lee of Sand Island, the tide ran from two- 
tenths to eight-tenths knots per hour, setting from between SSE. and 
E. by N. towards the northward and westward. The current obser- 
vations, recorded on the 22d in the abstract, were each the result of 
seven agreeing trials, with a gentle breeze (3) and smooth sea. On 
the 25th it was calm and the current observation was very good. On 
the 27th the sea was smooth and wind light, when the current obser 
vations were made ; but on the 28th the sea was rough and the wind 
moderate, (4,) wliich made the set of the current appear larger than it 
was. Mr. Hall sounded, from a boat, with one shot and waxed line, 
which parted at 2,440 fathoms. 



86 S. Doc. 59. 

March 28, 1852. 

Latitude 4° 19' 55" S., Q m.; longkudc 34^ 45' 40" W., O p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Interrala. 




It. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. 5. 


Started . . . 


3 13 


40 




1,300 











100 


3 14 


40 


1 


1,400 


5 45 


6 


6 


200 


3 16 





1 20 


1,500 


5 48 


18 


3 12 


300 


3 17 


38 


1 38 


1,600 


5 51 


29 


3 11 


400 


3 19 


27 


1 49 


1,700 


5 54 


45 


3 16 


500 


3 21 


27 


2 


1,800 


5 57 


59 


3 14 


600 


3 23 


35 


2 8 


1,900 


4 t 


23 


3 24 


700 


3 25 


49 


2 14 


2,000 


4 4 


48 


3 25 


800 


3 28 


14 


2 25 


2,100 


4 8 


31 


3 43 


900 


3 30 


46 


2 32 


2,200 











1,000 


3 33 


23 


2 37 


2,300 


4 15 


10 


6 39 


1,100 


3 36 


8 


2 45 


2,400 


4 18 


48 


3 38 


1,200 


3 39 


6 


.^I'L 


2,440 


4 20 


30 


1 42 



, Line parted ; time running, Ih. Cm. 50s. ; no bottom. 

The transparency found from the boat was one fathom less. With 
blocks of the same size and whiteness, sea, sun, and sky equally clear, 
the transparency found from the boat should be the most. One ob- 
server sees better than another, and there is some difference in observ- 
ing from the clear or shady side of a vessel. 

March 29. — The current observations made by Mr. Hall at Gh.a.m., 
from a whale boat anchored with 600 fathoms of triple size line and 
one 32-pound shot, were reported good, the wind being light and sea 
smooth. Saw one sail. At 3h. SOm. p. m. the rain was observed to 
fall in patches, with small intervals in which no rain fell. 

March 30. — Experienced light variable airs, principally from the 
soutlnvard and eastward, and calms, with frequent small squalls. At 
6 a. m. look temperatures from the brig, and sounded from a boat 
with 1,000 fathoms triple size line, and one 32-pound shot, without 
getting bottom, and tried the current whilst thus rithng to the .shot with 
this scope of line. The sea was smooth, the wind light (2) from E. 
by S., the boat heading N. f E., when by nine agreeing trials of the 
surface current with the light log line, Mr. Danels ibund the surface 

reeling up the line, 
miles, as found by 
return to the brig. 
sails iurled, yards 
came up tending 
southward, as 



her 



current settuig tS. ^ W. 2 knots per hour. After 
the brig bore S. ^ W. from the boat, distant IJ 
heaving the log from the boat, and by timing its 
The brig was laid to, heading to the nordiward, 
square, and helm a-port. The temperature lines 
ahead, indicating that the brig was going to the 
bearing from the boat showed she iiad done 
several times from the vessel, showed that she went to the northward 
If knots during this time. The difference between the observations, 
which were many and good, and reckoning, wliich was necessarily un- 
certain in such weather, showed a current of 1§ knots per hour, setting 
west. If the current observations made in the boat were correct, we 



S. Doc. 59. 



87 



were probably in an eddy current, or influenced by tide. The brig's 
position at this time was about 25 miles NE. of bottom at 25 fathoms 
on the flats of St. Rnque, by the admiralty chart of 1833. 

March 31. — At 6h. a. m. took temperature soundings from brig, with 
yards square, sails furled, and heading to the northward. The air was 
quite hght with, during the latter part of the time, occasional small rain 
squalls, generally from the westward. Mr. Mayo sounded from the 
boat, and thinks he got bottom at 2,700 fathoms, using one 32-pound 
shot and the waxed line. The line parted before he could make any 
satisfactory current observations. 



March 31, 1852. 

Latitude 4° 24' 18" S., O m.; longitude 35° 23' 21" W., 21 a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Mayo. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. 


M. 


Intervals, j; 

1^ 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m 


s. 


li 
m. s. II 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


.5 55 


11 


li 


1,.500 


6 37 


47 


7 34 


100 


5 56 


10 


59 i| 


1,600 


6 41 


40 


3 53 


200 


5 57 


30 


1 20 || 

2 7 


1,700 


6 45 


45 


4 5 


300 


5 59 


37 


1,800 


6 49 


29 


3 44 


400 


6 2 





2 23 !i 


1,900 


6 53 


20 


3 51 


500 


6 4 


29 


2 29 ii 


2,000 


6 56 


52 


3 32 


600 


6 7 


15 


2 46 li 


2,100 


7 


55 


4 3 


700 


6 10 


11 


2 56 !i 


2,200 


7 4 


50 


3 55 


800 


6 13 


17 


3 6 ii 


2,300 


7 8 


28 


3 38 


900 


6 16 


30 


3 13 ;' 


2,400 


7 11 


24 


2 56 


1,000 


6 19 


44 


3 14 i: 


2,500 


7 15 


17 


3 53 


1,100 


6 23 


4 


3 20 i: 


2,600 


7 19 


29 


4 12 


1,200 


6 26 


37 


3 33 ii 


2,700 


7 24 


8 


4 3» 


1,300 


6 30 


13 


3 36 li 


2,800 


7 28 


25 


4 17 


1,400 








\\ 

!i 











Time running, 1ft. 33m. 14s. : Bottom at 2,700 fathoms, mlh. 28m. 57s. 

The boat when sounding, heading SE. with two oars pulling when 
necessary to keep the line running up and down. The sea was smooth 
with a slight swell, and favorable for sounding. It was nearly calm. 
The boat experienced during the first part of the time some small puffs 
of air from the southward and eastward. The boat was gone 2f hours, 
during which time the brig and boat separated nearly 3 miles, the brig 
SSE. from the boat. Saitwas furled before the boat left and was not 
loosed until after the boat returned. 

In the afternoon, when a few miles to the northward and eastward of 
this position, Mr. Hall found no bottom at 1,000 fathoms,' using one 32- 
pound shot and the triple size line, riding by which he tried the cur- 
rents. The surface current from five agreeing trials set SE. ^ S. ]iV 
knots per hour, and at 10 fathoms depth it was nearly the same. The 
parting of the line and loss of the loot square leaded block suspended to 
it, prevented tr3'-ing the under current at 80 fathoms. When these ob- 
servations were made the sea was glassy smooth, with a long swell 
from NNE. The reckoning and observations to-day show a current of 



88 S. Doc. 59. 

1 knot per hour westerly, whilst the drift of tlie bare brig from the 
sounding boat and the current observations of the boat indicate a con- 
siderable current to the southward. The brig has been in the same 
vicinity to-day and yesterday. 

We were three days within from 20 to 30 miles north of the flats of 
St. Roque, off' Cape Toiro, where the NE. and SE. trades seem to 
meet and form a region of calm and rains, with an oppressive atmo- 
sphere resembling that of the equatorial calms. Outside of this region 
our track shows that the SE. trades, though light, generally prevailed 
between the Rocas and the main, to within a degi-ee of Point Toiro, 
and that when we were a degree and a half north of this cape, and in 
the parallel of the Rocas, the light variable winds, leaving the SE. 
quadrant, came out to the eastward, soon got northing in them, and 
turned into gentle NE. trades in 2° S. The direction of the winds 
around this cape, outside of the influence of the land breeze, and also 
outside of the belt of calms and rains, appears to be modified by the 
form of the continent. They come from the southward and eastward, 
upon the eastern shore, which trends to the northward ; whilst around 
the elbow of the cape they draw more easterly, (interrupted at this 
season, when the sun is near the equinox and is going north, by small 
squalls of wind and rain from all around the compass,) and on the 
northern coast, which trends to the westward they come from NE. 
The current between the Rocas and the main sets generally from the 
southward and eastward, from 1 to 1^ knots, until near the flats, where 
we experienced indications of a counter current or tide. Learned at 
Para that their coasting vessels were generally four weeks going from 
there to Pernambuco. It is more from the failing of the wind there 
than from the current that it is so difficult to double Cape St. Roque. 



S. Doc. 59. 89 



CHAPTER VL 

UnsGCcessful search for "Blaesdale's reef" — Light on Atalaia point — Visit Para — Yellow 
fever there — Receive supplies, rate chronometers, &c. — Excellent charts of Brazil and 
Amazon river by French naval officers — Discolored water from Amazon — Lieutenant 
Herndon, U. S. Navy, a passenger. 

April 1. — When the current observations were made to-day, the 
wind was moderate, the sea small but irregular. The surface current 
is the mean of nine trials giving agreeing results. There is a general 
agreement to-day between the current found from the run and from the 
boat. 

Ap'il 2. — The temperature lines came up with but slight inclination. 
The sea was smooth and breeze light when the current observations 
were made. The surface cast is the mean of seven, that at 10 is the 
mean of three, and that at 80 fathoms of four agreeing trials. Several 
land birds, with dark plumage, flying about the vessel. We are now 
from 1° to 2^ to the northward and westward of our position on the 
30th and 31st of March, just north of Cape St. Roque, and are now 
feeling with the NE. wind the equatorial or trade wind current. 

April 3. — Sheet lightning at the northward. The temperature lines 
came up straight and quick, and the results are reliable, and so are the 
current observations, which were made under favorable circumstances, 
and are the mean of three agreeing trials in each case. The boat was 
absent 2^ hours, and pulled by her log one mile SW. by W. to rejoin 
the brig, whose sails were furled from the time the boat was lowered 
until it was hoisted. In the first watch there was a halo round the 
moon, with a radius of 23^. 

April 4. — First Sunday in the month. Called all hands to muster, 
and read the act for the better government of the navy to the officers 
and crew. The temperature Unes came up well. The current obser- 
vations are also good ; they were made in a calm, with a smooth sea, 
and the result given, is, as usual, the result of three experiments in each 
case. 

April 5. — The temperature lines came up much inclined. There 
was a long swell on from the northward. The boat was down 2^ 
hours, during which time the brig, with sails furled, drifted 1^ miles 
SE. by S., as found by heaving the boat's log on its return. This 
agrees with the surface current found by three trials in the boat an- 
chored with 1,000 fathoms line and a 32-pound shot. Four sail in 
sight at sunset. 

April 6. — At noon three sail in sight. At inidnight crossed the 
equator in 38'^ 18' 24" W. 

April 7. — The temperature lines came up much inclined from the 
vessel's sides. Mr. Hall made the current observations and felt satisfied 
ihey were good. The breeze was 4. 



90 S. Doc. 59. 

Blaesdale's Coral Reef. 

Apiil 8, 9, 10, and 11. — Sounding from the brig at regular and brief 
intervals, and searching for Blaesdale's reef, of which the following 
account is given on page 473 of Laurie's North Atlantic Memoir, Lon- 
don, 1845. 

''Blaesdale's rcrf, in about 0^ 57' N., and 41° 6' TV.— On the 15lh of 
October, 1819, the brig Richard, of Ulverston, CaptJiia Blaesdale, 
struck on a coral reef, in about 0^ 56' or 0=^ 57' N., and longitude, by 
account, be^^ond 41° W., in fine moderate weather, the ship going at 
the rate of 3 knots, at 6 p. m. grounded, and remained fast about 
10 minutes. The water was smooth, and no breakers seen. Upon 
sounding, a few m-nutes after, no bottrm could be found at L50 fathoms. 
The vessel drew 11 feet of water, and in 1 hour there were 18 inches 
of water iu the well. 

" On a subsequent survey at Para three holes were found, each 
about the size of a man's hat, and nearly through the vessel's bottom, 
and several large pieces of white coral, as large as a man's hand, were 
found sticking in different parts." 

April 8. — At 9h. 20m. a.m. steering west, wind NE., passed through 
a strong tide rip. At 9h. 15m. a.m. saw a large field of tide rip ahead 
strongl}'^ resembling a shoal. Hove to on the port tack, and lowered a 
boat to sound. Mr. Renshaw sounded with 400 fathoms of triple size 
fishing line and a 32-pound armed lead, but got no bottom. The tide 
rip moved off rapidly to the northward and eastward. With the boat 
anchored by this lead and line, the current was found to be one knot 
per hour setting SSW. opposite to the direction in which the tide rip 
was setting. At 3 p. m. commenced sounding from the brig under 
easy sail, with a whale boat sounding on each bow a mile off. Passed 
a Spanish brig. Saw nothing else, except a tide rip to the westward. 
Mr. Hall relieved Mr. Renshaw, and will, in turn, perform the duty of 
assistant master for one month. 

April 9. — At 7 a. m. hove to, lowered a boat to sound and try sur- 
face currents. At 3 p. m. furled sail, and lowered both boats over 
the position assigned to this danger (Blaesdale's reef.) Mr. Hall, in one 
boat, got bottom ; a good sound, he reports, at 2,980 fathoms, using one 
32-pound shot and waxed line. 



S. Doc. 59. gi 

April 9, 1852. 
Lat'mule 0^ 57' 5" N., O nu; longitude 41° 6' 24" PF., O ij. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Tims P. M. 


InterYals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h, m. s. 


m. 5. 




k. in. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


3 15 




1,600 


3 56 11 


3 52 


100 


3 16 20 


1 20 


1,700 


4 


3 49 


200 


3 17 55 


1 35 


1,800 


4 3 55 


3 55 


300 


3 19 37 


1 42 


1,900 


4 7 57 


4 9 


400 


3 21 33 


1 56 


2,000 


4 11 55 


3 58 


500 


3 23 44 


2 11 


2,100 


4 15 


3 5 


600 


3 26 


2 16 


2,200 


4 19 5 


4 5 


700 


3 28 38 


2 38 


2,300 


4 22 45 


3 40 


800 


3 31 21 


2 43 


2,400 


4 28 12 


5 27 


900 


3 34 3 


2 42 


2,500 


4 33 2 


4 50 


1,000 


3 36 18 


2 15 


2,600 


4 37 17 


,4 15 


1,100 


3 39 15 


2 57 


2,700 


4 40 15 


2 58 


1,200 


3 42 20 


3 5 


2,800 


4 44 35 


4 20 


1,300 


3 45 25 


3 5 


2,900 


4 49 5 


4 30 


1.400 


3 48 32 


3 7 


2,980 


4 53 30 


4 25 


1,500 


3 52 19 


3 47 









Bottom ; time running, 1/t. 38m. 30s. 

Mr. Renshaw, in the other boat, made current observations. The 
surface current found is the result of five trials, the current at 10 
fathoms of three trials, and at 80 fathoms of two trials. 

Apiil 10. — Squally weather ; doubled the lookouts, and continued 
the soundings. 

April 11. — Finished the search for Blaesdale's reef, without having 
seen anything of it. (See track chart.) 

April 12. — At 5h. 10m. a. m., furled ; took temperature observa- 
tions from brig ; the boat lowered to sound and try currents ; got no 
bottom at 1,000 fathoms. At 3h. 15m. p. m., again furled sail and took 
temperatures. Sounded from a boat, but got no bottom at 2,000 fathoms 
with one 32-pound shot and unwaxed line. An unusually rough and 
combinsf sea. 



92 



S. Doc. 59. 



April 12, 1852. 
Latitude 1° 6' 57" N., © m.; longitude 43© 43' 40" W., O p. n. 







Boat 


Sounding. - 


—Mr. Renshaw. 






Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 








m. ». 


Started . , . 


3 29 


13 




1,100 




1 26 


3 59 


100 


3 30 


50 


I 37 


1,200 




5 37 


4 11 


200 


3 32 


45 


1 55 


1,300 




9 50 


4 13 


300 


3 34 


58 


2 13 


1,400 




14 14 


4 24 


400 


3 37 


30 


2 32 


1,500 




18 52 


4 38 


500 


3 40 


18 


2 48 


1,600 




23 33 


4 41 


600 


3 43 


10 


2 52 


1,700 




28 11 


4 38 


700 


3 46 


25 


3 15 


1,800 




33 43 


5 32 


800 


3 49 


45 


3 20 


1,900 




38 31 


4 48 


900 


3 53 


31 


3 46 


2.000 




43 47 


5 16 


1,000 


3 57 


27 


3 56 











Line parted; time running, 1ft. 14ni. 34s. ; no bottom. 

Apil 13. — At 5h. a. m., took current and temperature observations, 
but found no bottom at 1,000 fathoms. To-day we had a northerly- 
current, instead of the southerly current experienced for several pre- 
ceding days. At 2 p. m., in latitude 0^ 42' N., longitude 45° 17' W., 
the water appeared discolored ; and at 6h. 12m. p. m., in latitude 0° 
29' N., and longitude 45° 31' W., found bottom of tine gravel and sand 
at 39J fathoms. The sea very phosphorescent at night. Sounded 
during the night. 

April 14. — At 8h. a. m. crossed the equator in 46° W. At 8h. 15m. 
a. m., hove to, lowered a boat, and tried the current. Sounding during 
the day. In the afternoon, in from 15 to 20 fathoms, passed through 
several spots of chocolate-colored water, of various shapes and sizes. 
At 4h. 30m. p. m., hove to and tried the current from a boat. At 8h. 
15m. p. m., clewed up and anchored in 13 fathoms water, off Caite. 
Hove the log whilst at anchor. At 8h. 30m. p. m., the tide sat E. by 
S., running 1.4 knots per hour. It gradually changed its direction 
and rate, running more to the southward, and to the southwtu'd and 
westward, until 3h. 30m. a. m. next morning, when it was running -^ 
SW. by S. as we got underway. 

April 15. — At daylight, land about Cait6 in sight to the southward. 
Spoke a Brazihan schooner from Para, and learned that there is now a 
light-house on Atalaia Point. At 2h. 10m. p. m., discovered the light- 
house at Atalaia Point, bearing W. by S., and distant 9^ miles. At 
4h. 45m. p. m., fired a bow-gun, with a reduced charge, for a pilot. 
The concussion broke our improved marine barometer, which has a 
glass reservoir, and is a more delicate instrument than the common 
marine barometer. No pilot having come off, anchored at sunset in 11 
fathoms water, muddy bottom, in company with an American barque, 
22 days from New York, the light-house bearing S. 38° 30' E., nndihe 
pilot's flag S. 5° 30' E. Hovethe log during the night of the 15th and 
16th, with a light easterly breeze prevailing, and found the greatest 
velocity of ebb to be 2 knots setting E., and that of the flood to be 1-^ 
knots setting W. by S. 



S. Doc. 59. 93 

The following notice, printed in Portuguese, French, and English, 
was issued by the secretary of the governor of the province of Para, 
dated February 19, 1852 : 

" Light-house on Atalaia Point, Salinas, latitude S. 0° 34', longitude 
E. of the island of Ferro, 3^0^ 32'. Lenticular apparatus of Fresnel 
and Arago. Light visible 17 miles distance, exhibiting the following 
changes : 

A steady light during 70 seconds. 

An echpse during 22 " 

A bright and short light during 12 " 

An eclipse during 16 " 

120 " 
"These changes occur every two minutes. The light-house will b^ 
in operation on and after the 8th of March, 1852." 

This position is ]' in latitude north of Atalaia Point, as it is laid 
down in the recent French chart, and is about 4' 20" too far west by 
the same authority. 

Lieutenant Raper, R. N., (edition 1849,) gives the eastern extreme 

of Ferro Island in 17o 55' W. of Greenwich 17o 55' W. 

The above quoted authority makes the hght (on a wliite 
tower) on Atalaia Point, west of the east side of Ferro 
Island.... 290 28' W. 

Atalaia Point light west of Greenwich 47° 23' W, 

But the French chart of 1846, (the best authority in this case,) from 
the survey by the French naval officers of the Amazon and its ap- 
proaches, gives the longitude of that part of Atalaia Point on which 
the light-house stands, reduced to the meridian of Greenwich, 47° lb' 
20" W. 

The west extreme of the island of Ferro is, according to Raper, the 
meridian of Ferro, a primitive sort of prime meridian. It is rather 
loose to refer the longitude of Atalaia light to the east side of the island 
of Ferro, especially whilst not giving the exact longitude of the east 
side, from which the meridional difference of Atalaia is reckoned. 

April 16. — At 9 a. m. (having received a pilot) got underway on 
first quarter of ebb. At noon, passed the Brazihan mail steamer bound 
from Para to Rio. At 5h. 25m. p. m , Point Tijoca bearing east, brig 
had run by patent log 45J knots, by ground log 51f knots. This log 
line was measured, and tbund to be 6 inches too long in its entire 
length. At 8h. 15m. a. m., anchored off the village of Colares. 

April 17. — At daylight, got underway ; the medical officer, thinking 
that the water here, though apparently sweet, would not keep. At 3h. 
50m. p. m., came to anchor off Una, in sight of Para. Commenced 
watering on the last of ebb. 

Sunday, Ajvil 18. — At 8 a. m., received pratique from the health 
officer. Sent a boat to Henry Lee Norris, esq., our consul, who came 
off with letters, and accompanied by Lieutenant William Lewis Hern- 
don, United States navy, who had recently arrived here, after an ex- 
amination of the Amazon, under the instructions of our government. 



94 S. Doc. 59. 

April 19. — Received from Lieutenant Herndon a marine barometer 
of similar construction, but apparently ranging a trifle lower than the 
one broken on the 15th instant. Filled up with fresh water liom along 
side. We watered on the last of ebb. The water was not entirely 
clear. The existence of yellow fever lier^ made it prudent to hold no 
communication with the city, except on duty. Lieutenants Lee and 
Herndon, and Consul Norris, waited upon the governor of the province, 
and presented him witli a complete set of Maury's Wind and Current 
Charts, as explanatory of the kind of duty upon which the Dolphin 
was engaged. The arrival here of this naval vessel, though for sup- 
pHes, happening when Lieutenant Herndon, (of the navy,) had just got 
here from an exploration of the Amazon, whilst his companion, Lieu- 
tenant L. Gibbon, U. S. navy, was still in the interior, had excited 
some suspicion ashore as to the real object of our visit. 

April 20. — Obtained salt and fresh provisions and fruit for the crew, 
and some stores for the vessel, having received every facility from our 
consul, Mr. Norris. The mean of our chronometers, from the errors 
and rates found at Fernando de Noronha, gives the longitude of Una 
one minute and ten seconds of arc (1' 30") too far east of the longitude 
as taken from the French chart of 1846. Una is a conspicuous point 
on the river, in near view of which is the main astronomical stetion, 
occupied by the French naval officers at Para, when surveying the 
Amazon. " 

Navigators of all nations are under great obligations to the French 
government for the charts it has published, from the recent suitable 
surveys made by its naval officers of the coast of another people's 
county, from French Guayana to near Maranham, including the Ama- 
zon; also for the general surveys the French officers made of the coasts 
of Brazil, fortunately before the yellow fever was known there. These 
extensive surveys, the French consul here informs us, were made by a 
moderate addition to the cost and equipment of the naval vessels em- 
ployed beyond what would have been necessary for them had they 
been cruizing without surveying. 

April 21. — At 2h. 30m. a. m'. called all hands, hove short, and loosed 
sail. At 4h. 30m. a. m., the fog having cleared away, got under way 
for sea. Got a supply of sand from the beach whilst anchored lor the 
tide in San Antonio bay. At 8h. p. m. anchored ofl"Colares. 

April 22. — Under way at 1 a. m. At 4 p. iji., being just outside of 
Monjui Bank, discharged the pilot and put the patent log overboard. 
At 5h. 25m. p. m. crossed the equator in longitude 48° 06' 29" W. At 
9, finding we were fast drifting in shore, anchored in 11 fathoms water, 
reefed and furled sail, and then tried the current, and found its greatest 
velocity was 3 knots WSW. Sharp lightning to the eastward. 

April 23— rAt ]h. a. m. under way. From 5h. 30m. to 6h. 15m. a. 
m. passed through a heavy tide rip when in from 9 to 10 fathoms 
water. Tried the currents twice during the day from an anchored 
boat, and preserved specimens of the bottom. At 6 p. m. the sea 
water was a deep green color. 

April 24.^At 6h. 30m. a. m. and 1 p. m. lowered boats to try cur- 
rents in 20 fathoms. Sea green all day, and very phosphorescent at 
night. The transparency of the sea at 1 p. m., when in 19 fathoms 



S. Doc. 59. 95 

water, sandy bottom, was only 7^ fathoms, owing to the discoloration 
from the water of the Amazon. 

April 25. — Tried current. Sounded frequently, getting bottom in 
36 fathoms at midniglit. The sea was of a greenish color during 
the day, and was so at 6h. p. m., when we were in latitude 0^ 20' N., 
longitude 45^ 35' W. ; at night it was slightly phosphorescent. 

April 26. — At 5h. 20m. a. m. lowered a boat to try currents in 43 
fathoms, coral bottom. At 8h. a. m.,in latitude 0^ 58' N. longitude 46° 
7' W., the water was of a bluish color. At noon when in latitude 0° 
55' N., longitude 45° 56' W., the color of the sea was ocean blue, and 
no bottom at 100 fathoms. 

Ajml 27. — At 5h. 10m. a. m. lowered a boat to try currents. Took 
temperature observations from on board. Exercised great guns ; sea 
blue. 

Apil 28. — The current and temperature observations were indiffer- 
ent, owing to squalls, &c. 

Ajml 29. — The current and temperature observations are good. 
Examined and re-measured to-day 3,200 fathoms of the line examined 
and measured at New York. Used the machine, with a wheel of 6 feet 
circumference, designed b}^ Passed Midshipman Higgins of the navy, 
given to us from the John Adams by Captain Barron, U. S. navy, 
when we were at Porto Praya, and which we have found so convenient 
and useful since. Some of the 100 fathoms lengths were found to be in 
error from 3 to 5 fathoms. 

April 30. — At 7h. 35m. a. m. the master's assistant reported that the 
chronometers had run down. It appears that the chronometers were 
not wound up either yesterday, (the 29th,) or the day before, (the 28th.) 
The master, who was indisposed on the 28th, had requested his assis- 
tant, (who was also the officer next in rank to him,) to compare the 
chronometers at 10 a. m., (the regular hour according to the order 
posted up over the chronometer box for winding and comparing them 
dail}'',) but said nothing to him about v/inding them. The assistant 
compared but did not wind them. The next day, (the 29th,) when the 
master was on the sick list, the assistant again compared the chronome- 
ters, (which he was using for his day's work,) but forgot to wind them. 
The result was, that we were obliged to return to Para, which occa- 
sioned general regret on board. Accidents, it is said, will occur in well 
regulated families. The inconvenience on this occasion would have 
been less had we possessed a good weekl}^ chronometer. Wound up 
the chronometers and gave them a pretty good error from the hack 
watch, and in the evening another and nearly agreeing error got by a 
lunar observation. The master returned to dut}^ and Mr. Mayo be- 
came his assistant for the next month. At lib. 30m. p. m. passed in 6 
rninutes time through a tide rip extending to the NE. and SW. and set- 
ting to the northward and westward. During the whole day water sea- 
blue. 

May 1. — At daylight, when in latitude 37' N. and longitude 44° 19* 
W., discovered the water to be much discolored ; Point Tijoca, (mouth 
of Amazon,) bearing WSW., distant 225 miles. We had not noticed 
the water to be discolored yesterday, and were at sunset but 25 miles 
east of our position at daylight ; at 8 a. m., got bottom from a boat in 



96 S. Doc. 59. 

640 fathoms. Surface water green during the dny. At 6h. 30m. p. 
m. passed a tide rip. At midnight got bottom (white snnd and coral) 
at 40 fiithoms. 

Maij 2, (Sunday). — Mustered the crew ; read the act (or the better 
government of tlie naw to the officers and crew. At 4h. 45m. p. m. 
crossed the equator in 46° 20' W. The sea water is of a dark olive 
color to-day. At 3h. 15m. p. m. passed a tide rip extending NiNW. 
and SSE. At 5h. p. m. passed through anolher tide rip extending E. 
and W. and moving to the northward. At 8h., 9h., and lOh. p. m. 
passed through tide rips ; in the latter the sea was much agitated. The 
lead was kept going; no bottom at 15 and ]8 fiithoms. The sea verj' 
phosphorescent during the first watch. 

May 3. — Sea not phosphorescent during mid-watch. At daylight 
discovered the land distant about ten miles SSW. At llh. a. m. Ata- 
laia point bore W. J S. At 3h. 50m. p. m. sailing slowly, with Sali- 
nas' fight-house bearing due south ; took observations of the sun for 
time, the result of which showed that the chronometers were a few 
miles to the eastward, using the errors given them on the 30th iiom the 
hack watch, and their old rates, and just right using the error found by 
the lunar observed on the 30th brought forward by the old rates. At 
6h. p. m., no pilot having answered our signal, anchored in company 
with the American brig Garland, of Salem, in 12 fiithoms water, and 
took bearings and angles. From 11 a. m. to 4 p. m. ran 33 miles by 
the patent log and 35| miles by the ground log. 

May 4. — Hove log, to try the current, from 6 p. m. yesterday to 11 
a. m. to-day. The greatest strength of the flood, spring-tide, was three 
knots, setting W. by S. ^ S. The greatest strength of ebb was 2^ 
knots, setting E. by N. At Ih. p. m., having received a pilot from 
Sahnas, got underway. At sunset anchored outside of the shoals in 
12 fathoms water with 60 fathoms cable. 

May 5. — At daylight got underway, with some little difficulty, owing 
to the swell, to avoid anchoring in which vessels generall}'^ prefer to 
remai.i a day longer at Salinas, when they do not get a pilot in time to 
pass these shoals lefore night. At lOh. 20m. p. m. anchored ofi' Fort 
Barra in 11 fathoms water, this fort bearing N. 36*^ E., Caen's church 
S. 450 15' E. 

If the Brazilian government would erect a few lights and place some 
buoys, the entrance to and navigation of the Amazon to Para would, 
with the aid of the French chart, be plain and safe without a pilot. 

May 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, cmplo3-ed determining the error and' 
rate of the chronometers from observations of the sun made with sextant 
and artificial horizon by Mr. Barbot and Mr. Mayo, tit Fort Barra, in 
latitude l*-* 22' 32" S., longitude 48^ 27' W. of Greenwich, by the 
French chart of 1846, made by the French naval officers. The chro- 
nometers, which ran down on tlie 29th, wound up on and since the 30th, 
have been running regularly, and the rates now found are near the old 
rates. Current observations were made during 11 flood and 11 ebb 
tides. The mean of the greatest velocity of flood was 2i^o knots, and 
of the ebb 2i-o knots per hour. Received some stores and provisions, 
(bullocks.) and anti-scorbutics, principally limes, and a pilot through 
the agency of our obliging (acting) consul, Henry Bond Dewey, esq.» 



S. Doc. 59. 97 

and filled up vvith good water from the river. Ship's stores and re- 
freshments here are scarce, indifferent, and dear. 

May 13. — At noon got underwa}'- for sea. Lieutenant Wm. Lewis 
Herndon, U. S. N., (who had not concluded his observations and ex- 
aminations when we left here on the 21st ultimo,) now look passage on 
board for the LTnited States. The forthcoming report of this accom- 
plished officer may be consulted with profit and pleasure in regard to 
that subject, of great and growing interest — the valley of the Amazon. 

May 14. — Working dov/n the river, anchoring on the flood. 

May 15. — At llh. a. m. discharged the pilot ofFMonjui bank. 

April. — Our first passage fi^om Salinas to Para took 1 day 7 hourso 

May. — Our second passage from Salinas to Para took 1 day 11 hours. 

Average time of passage, 1 day 9 hours. 

April. — Our first passage from Para to Monjui bank took ] day 9 
hours. 

May. — Onr second passage from Para to Monjui bank took 2 days. 

Average passage, 1 day 16^ hours. 

On each occasion the utmost dispatch was used which the wind, 
tide, and navigation permitted. 

At Ih. 45m. p. m., crossed the equator, (in 48° 08' 00" W. longitude,) 
for the eighth and last time this cruise. 

May 16. — Working off the coast and sounding. Sea discolored. 

May 17. — Sea discolored (olive green) and very phosphorescent. 
Near midnight, in latitude 2° 17' N., longitude 48° 10' W., when nearly 
becalmed in 40 fathoms, grey sand and black specks, a tide rip passed 
us moving to the northward and eastward, and extending from NW. to 
SE. 

May 18. — Sea a dark brown color and slightly phosphorescent. A 
heavy swell from ENE. 

May 19. — vSea dark olive color and not phosphorescent. At 5h. 40m. 
p. m., bottled a specimen of the surface water and of the bottom, coral 
and shells, got at 58 fathoms depth. (For position see abstract log.) 
From Point Tijioca to the parallel of Cape North, we found that the 
general character of the bottom oft^ the mouth of the Amazon is muddy; 
but from Point Tijioca to the eastward, that the bottom is generally 
sandy, indicating that the current of the Amazon runs principally to 
the northward. 

May 20 —At 6 a. m., in latitude 3° 25' N., longitude 48° 17' W., 
water slightl}- discolored, Cape North (north side of the mouth of the 
Amazon) bearing SW. distant 130 miles. At noon it was sea blue. At 
midnight sea slightly phosphorescent. 

May 21. — No phosphoresence. Sea deep blue. Saw sholes of flying 
fish. 

May 22. — No phosphorence. Sea dark blue. Saw sholes of por- 
poises and flaying fish. 

May 23. — Heavy and irregular sea, generally from northward and 
eastward. 



j98 



S. Doc. 59. 



CHAPTER VII. 

Examine the region of discolored water cast of llic Winoward Islands, ai;d the suppored 
mountainous region extendirg ficm c'lO nn the equator to Cape Cliarlee, United States — 
Make unsuccessful search for "Voette's Bank," "Galleon's Bank," *' Galifaioniere'a 
Rock," " Martin's Reef," " Mourand's Bank," and tho " Overfalls or Heavy Ripples" — 
End of cruise. 

May 24. — At 9h. a. m., lurlcd sail, lock temperature soundings from 
brig; got bottom certainly at 1,970 fathoms licm boat, with one 32- 
pound shot, waxed line. 

May 24, 1852. 
iMlitude 7° 57' 43" N., Q m.; longitude 47^ 51' 24" W., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. .s. 


m. 4. 




h. m. 


5. 


m. «. 


Started , . . 


8 52 58 




1,100 


9 17 


15 


3 5 


100 


8 53 59 


I 1 


1,200 


9 20 


23 


3 8 


200 


8 55 27 


1 28 


1.300 


9 23 


43 


3 20 


300 


8 57 4 


1 37 


1,400 


9 27 


5 


3 22 


400 


8 58 47 


1 43 


1,500 


9 30 


43 


3 38 


500 


9 58 


2 11 


1.6U0 


9 34 


21 


3 38 


600 


3 22 


2 24 


1,700 


9 38 


12 


3 51 


700 


9 5 50 


2 28 


1,800 


9 42 


2 


3 50 


800 


9 8 20 


2 30 


1,900 


9 45 


47 


3 45 


900 


9 11 13 


2 53 


1.970 


9 49 





3 13 


1,000 


9 14 10 


2 57 











Bottom ; time running, 5G>h. 25. 

Too rough for current observation.^. This sound is just within the 
supposed mountainous region about 300 miles wide, extending from 
Cape Charles, United States, in a SE. direction, to 37^ W. on the 
equator, and which we entered about 4 a. m. on its south side. 

May 25. — Excnx'ised division of great guns. 

May 2C. — Furled sail twice, took temperatures from brig, and 
sounded from boat ; no bottom at 5h. 30m. a. m., at 500 fathoms, or at 
3,855 fathoms at 3h. p. m., when we sounded with one 32-pound shot 
and waxed line. As this cast is about the centre of the supposes! 
mountainous region, before referred to, it is unf()i lunate that the line 
parted, and that the sea is too irregular aud rough for more satisfactory 
soundinoj. 



S. Doc. 59. 99 

May 26, 1852. 
Latitude 11^ 11' 42" iV., d j^;. W2.; lovgitude 47^ 37 48" ?F., O p. m. 



Coat sounding. — Mr. Danels. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




k. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started , . . 


2 53 25 




1,000 


3 13 15 


2 49 


100 


2 54 27 


1 2 


1,100 


3 16 8 


2 53 


200 


2 55 47 


1 20 


1,200 


3 19 19 


3 11 


300 


2 57 23 


1 36 


1,300 


3 22 25 


3 6 


400 


2 59 8 


1 45 


1,400 


3 25 44 


3 19 


500 


3 1 3 


1 55 


1,500 


3 28 58 


3 14 


600 


3 3 10 


2 7 


1,600 


3 32 13 


3 15 


700 


3 5 24 


2 14 


1,700 


3 35 S3 


3 20 


800 


3 7 48 


2 24 


1,800 


3 39 8 


3 35 


900 


3 10 26 


2 38 


1,855 


3 41 20 


2 12 



Line parted ; lime running, 47)n. 55s. 

May 27. — Sea too rough for any sounding. Saw a large and closely 
matted bunch of decayed sea-weed, and a quantity of flying fish ; and 
at 8h. p. m., a halo of 22° radius round the moon. Sea blue. No 
phosphorescence. 

Voette's Bank. 

May 28. — Blue sea, and no indication of discolored water to-day. 
Kept a bright look out, and sounded constantly. Made unsuccessful 
search for Voette's 40 fathoms bank. The only authority for the exist- 
ence of this bank is a mere memorandum in the Depot de la Marine, 
that one Joachim Voette (dale not given) passed over and sounded on 
it, in about 15° north latitude, and 228 leagues east of Martinique (say 
in 49° W. of Greenwich.) [See Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, 
p. 474.] At Ih. 45m. p. m., being by good observations upon the as- 
signed position of the bank, furled sail, squared ^mrds, and sounded 
with 250 fatlioms fishing line up and down without getting bottom. 
[See our track chart.] The sea was too rough to lower a boat. 

Galleon's Bank. 

May 29. — Searching with lead and lookouts for Galleon's bank. The 
only known authority for its existence is given on p. 473 of Laurie's 
Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, as follows : 

" Galleon's bank, in latitude 15° 56', and longitude 49° 40'. This 
bank, or reef of rocks, was discovered on the 23d of July, 1730, by 
Longueville, the pilot of the Scm Fernando, commanded by M. de 
Navarro, admiral of the Spanish galleons. 

"By the detail into which Longueville enters, concerning this danger, 
(his journal being in the Depot de la Marine at Paris,) there can be no 
doubt of its existence. It appears that the San Fernando struck on 
and passed over it without receiving any damage. Other ships in the 



100 



S. Doc. 59. 



same fleet also struck, with more; or less violence, but without actual 
injury." 

This bank has no existence in tlie position assigned it. (See our 
track chart.) The cast of 5G0 fathoms up and down (no bottom) was 
made from the brig, (the sea was too rough (or sounding from a ()oat,) 
with sails furled and yards square, when she was b}' noon and p. ni. 
observations in the spot whore Longueville is said to have struck with 
the Spanish galleons in 1730. We made three other similar and un- 
sqccessful casts in this vicinity, besides the lines of soundings, and we 
saw no appearance of discolored water or breakers during the day. 
The soundings of to-day were on the northern edge of the supposed 
mountainous region or cold belt, which we have just crossed, having 
entered it on the south side on the morning of the 24th instant. 

Maij 30. — Sounded twice liom the brig with furled sails. The sea 
was too rough to lower a boat. The last cast (564 i'athoms up and down, 
and no bottom) was in the middle of the belt. The sea was blue, and 
showed no unusual appearance. 

May 31. — At 5h. a. m., Mr. Hall got no bottom at 3.960 lathoms, 
using one 32-pound shot and unwaxed line. 

May 31, 1852. 
Latitude 130 28' 25" N., Q m.; longitude 52^ 26' 40" JV., * a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Ham.. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervale. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


1 
1 




s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


5 45 


15 




1,]00 


6 12 


40 


3 28 


100 


5 46 


25 


1 10 


1,200 


6 16 


30 


3 50 


200 


5 48 





1 35 


1,300 


6 20 


26 


3 56 


300 


5 49 


54 


1 54 


1,400 


6 24 


28 


4 2 


400 


5 52 


5 


2 11 


1,500 


6 28 


44 


4 16 


500 


5 54 


21 


2 16 


1,600 


6 33 


14 


4 30 


600 


5 56 


55 


2 34 


1,700 


6 37 


37 


4 23 


700 


5 59 


44 


2 49 


1,800 


6 42 


5 


4 28 


800 


6 2 


36 


2 52 


1,900 


6 47 


12 


5 7 


000 


G 5 


50 


3 14 


1,960 


6 50 


5 


2 53 


1,000 


6 9 


12 


3 22 











Lino parted ; time running, \h. Am. 50s. 

At 3h. p. m., Mr. Renshaw obtained bottom from a boat with one 
32-pound shot and waxed line, at 2,780 fathoms on the southern edge 
of the belt, across which we have run a second litie of soundinirs. 



S. Doc. 59. 



101 



May 31, 1852. 
Latitude 12° 47 30" iV., O m.; lovgitude 52° 57' 52" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. in. s. 


m. s. 




h. in. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


3 22 50 




1,500 


4 1 55 


3 40 


100 


3 23 50 


1 


1,600 


4 5 45 


3 50 


200 


3 25 15 


1 25 


1,700 


4 10 30 


4 45 


300 


3 26 50 


1 35 


1,800 


4 14 30 


4 


400 


3 28 45 


1 55 


1,900 


4 17 30 


3 


500 


3 30 55 


2 10 


2,000 


4 21 29 


3 59 


600 


3 33 15 


2 20 


2,100 


4 25 30 


4 1 


700 


3 35 45 


2 30 


2,200 


4 29 30 


4 


800 


3 38 40 


2 55 


2,300 


4 33 45 


4 15 


900 


3 41 40 


3 


2,400 


4 37 55 


4 10 


1,000 


3 44 45 


3 5 


2,500 


4 42 15 


4 20 


1,100 


3 48 


3 15 


2,600 


4 46 30 


4 15 


1,200 


3 51 15 


3 15 


2,700 


4 50 50 


4 20 


1,300 


3 54 40 


3 25 


2,790 


4 55 45 


4 55 


1,400 


3 58 15 


3 35 









Bottom at 2,780 ; time running, Ih. 32m. 55s. 

Nothing unusual in the appearance of the sea. Bent a new foresail, 
and exercised a division of guns. Edward Howard, captain forecastle, 
died of disease of the heart. 

June 1. — Called all hands to bury the dead ; read the burial service 
over the body of Howard, and commilled it to the deep. Stationed 
an extra lookout, and kept a bright lookout during the day, with and 
without spy-glasses, in search of discolored water. At 3h. 30m. p. m., 
being in the position where Lieutenant Greevelink, in the Dutch gov- 
ernment packet Echo, [Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, p. 475,] 
was three quarters of an hour, with a breeze, passing on a cloudless 
day in September, 1835, through spots of water so thick with mud as 
to make the blue water curl against their edges ; furled sails, took tem- 
perature observations, and looked all around in vain for discolored 
water. Sounded from a boat, without getting bottom at 1,000 fathoms. 
Lieutenant Greevelink did not suppose at the time that these spots 
indicated soundings, but imagined them to be of the waters of the 
Maranon, precipitated in its rapid descent under the surface of the sea, 
and brought up by lesser specific gravity at a point from 600 to 700 
miles off in the sea. At sunset, as throughout the day, we saw no 
appearance of discolored water. The svi^ell, which was large, injured 
both the temperature and current observations. 

June 2. — Yesterday at sunset (and during the da}^) the color of tlie 
ocean was sea blue. This morning at sunrise (when in latitude 12° 
21' N., longitude 54° 06' W.) the water appeared much discolored, and 
of about the same color that we passed through in approaching the 
Amazon, viz: of a dingy green color. We were about 400 miles to 
the eastward of the mouths of the Orinoco, and 800 miles to the north- 
ward of the mouths of the Amazon. At sunset we were in 12^22' 
N., and 54° 5/' W., and still in the discolored water, through which 



102 



S. Doc. 59. 



we lind run 51 miles, and of which we bottled specimens. During the 
night passed a few miles east of the muddy water, to be tbund, ac- 
cording to the Complete Pilot for the Leeward Islands, 1782, at 70 or 
80 IsMgues east oi'Barbadoes. At sunrise we found no bottom at 1,000 
fathoms. 

Galissioniere's Rock. 

At 2h. 45m. p. m., Mr. Hall sounded liom a boat and got bottom, 
with one 32-pound shot, waxed line, at 2,570 fathoms on the spot as- 
signed to Galissioniere's rock, of which the following account is given 
on p. 476 of Laurie's North Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845: 

" Galissioniere's rock, about 12^ 20' N., and 54^ 49' W. This vigia 
was exhibited on the chart of M. Rochette as a rock mentioned by M. 
Galissioniere, and some other navigators. A spot nearly in the same 
situation had been previously called the Isle of Fonseca. It is said to 
have been seen by the Rainbow, a man-of-war. We have been lately 
informed, though vaguely, that the rock was again seen in 1822." 

We saw no other evidence of danger than the discolored water, 
which the sounding showed to be deep. 

June 2, 1852. 
LaUCudc 123 20' 17" N., O m.; longitude 54= 48' 55" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


5. 


m. a. 


SUrted... 


2 56 


7 




1,400 


3 29 


40 


3 20 


lot) 


2 57 


20 


1 13 


1,500 


3 32 


55 


3 15 


200 


2 58 


40 


1 20 


1,600 


3 36 


22 


3 27 


300 


3 


24 


1 44 


1,700 


3 39 


58 


3 36 


400 


3 2 


16 


1 52 


1,800 


3 43 


44 


3 46 


500 


3 4 


21 


2 5 


1,900 


3 47 


38 


3 54 


600 


3 6 


39 


2 18 


2,000 


3 51 


36 


3 58 


700 


3 9 


9 


2 30 


2,100 


3 55 


15 


3 39 


800 


3 11 


44 


2 35 


2,200 


3 59 


5 


3 5U 


900 


3 14 


33 


2 49 


2,300 


4 3 


7 


4 3 


1,000 


3 17 


22 


2 49 


2,400 


4 7 


14 


4 7 


1,100 


3 20 


14 


2 52 


2.500 


4 11 


24 


4 10 


1,230 


3 23 


11 


2 57 


2,570 


4 14 


32 


3 8 


1,300 


3 26 


20 


3 9 











Bottom, in l/i. 18ot. 25s. 

Saw many flocks of flying fish during the day. Water not phos- 
phorescent at night. 

June 3. — At sunrise, when in latitude 13= 24' N., and longitude .54^ 
57' W., the wMter was blue, and so continued till noon, in 14^ 10' N., 
and 54^ 4G' W. We here ran 46' N. and 11' E. through blue water. 
From noon to sunset, the water was of a greenish appearance. At 
sunset we were in 14= 46' N., and 54= 39' W., and had run since noon 
36' N. and 5' E. through green colored water, but not near as remark- 



S. Doc. 59. 



103 



able as that of yesterday. L.-...^v. ^^^ ^. 

observations. Saw many flying fish during 



and took temperature 



Bottled specimens, ana tooK temperature 
the day, mostly small 



June 4. — Sea ocean blue to-day. Saw many large and small flying 
fish and much sea-weed, generally fl'esh looking, in detached bunches, 
leaf narrow, berries full and fresh. At J Oh. a. m., just within the south 
side of the belt, and " in the parallel of the island of Dominica, and very 
near the 55th degree of longitude, a sp:ice wherein the water seems 
constantly mllk}^ though the sea is very deep," and where Humboldt 
suggests there may be a sunken volcanic islet. Mr. Mayo, at 10 a.m., 
got bottom at 3,020 fathoms with ons 32 -pound shot, waxed line. 

June 4, 1852. 
Latitude 15^ 25' 7" N., © 7n.; longitude 55^ 1' 20" W., © a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms, 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


1 Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


.. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


10 24 


15 




1 1,600 


11 7 


54 


3 49 


100 


10 25 


20 


1 5 


j 1,700 


11 12 





4 6 


200 


10 26 


48 


1 28 


1,800 


11 16 


19 


4 19 


300 


10 28 


30 


1 42 


1,900 


11 20 


25 


4 6 


400 


10 30 


37 


2 7 


2,000 


11 24 


40 


4 15 


500 


10 32 


40 


2 3 


2,100 


11 28 


55 


4 15 


600 


10 34 


59 


2 19 


2,200 


11 33 


20 


4 25 


700 


10 37 


36 


2 37 


2; 300 


11 37 


35 


4 15 


800 


10 40 


15 


2 39 


2,400 


11 42 


34 


4 59 


900 


10 43 


7 


2 52 


' 2,500 


11 47 


15 


4 41 


1,000 


10 46 


16 


3 9 


1 2,600 


11 52 


3 


4 48 


1,100 


10 49 


36 


3 20 


2,700 


11 56 


55 


4 52 


1,200 


10 53 





3 24 


1 2,800 


12 1 


55 


5 


1,300 


10 56 


33 


3 33 


2,900 


12 6 


48 


4 53 


1,400 


11 


21 


3 48 


3,000 


12 12 


16 


5 28 


1,500 


11 4 


5 


3 44 


3,020 


12 13 


20 


1 4 



Bottom ; time running, Ih. 42m. 5s. 

Sea rough and irregular. The temperature lines came in much in- 
clined. About sunset left the region of discolored water, (which we 
entered on the morning of the Ist instant, lying between 11^° and 
15f^ N., and 53^*^ and 55f^ W., according to our observations and the 
old authorities just referred to,) and steered lor Martin's Reef. 

Jujie 5. — At daylight furled sail and took temperatures. Sounded 
from a boat; too rough for currents. Saw much fresh looking sea- 
weed and many flying fish, mostly small. 

Martuv's Reef. 

June 6 and 7. — Stationed extra lookouts and sounded during the day 
searching for Martin's Reef. What authority there is tor its existence 
is given on page 476 of Laurie's Atlantic Memoir, London, 1845, as 
follows : 

"Martin's Reef, eastward of Gaudaloupe, in IG^ 42' N. and 58^ 53' 



104 



S. Doc. .'jO. 



W. A shoal was inserted hereabout on the chart of Bcllin, 1742, who 
says that it is mentioned by many navigators. 

"It was again seen in July, 181G, by Captain Martin, of the ship 
Johv, Manning. The sho.d seemed to consist of yellow sand with sea- 
weed upon it ; to be about half a mile in length from cast to west, JHid 
a quarter of a mile in breadth from north to south. 

" We have been informed on respectable authority that this reef was 
again seen by the ship Cecilia, of Glasgow, 19th of i\\\y, 1823, by 
which the position assigned was 16^ 44' N. and bS^ 50' W. 

"To the commander of the ship it appeared to be about 1^ or 2 
miles long, and only about 30 feet wide ; the western part, shaped like 
the bulb of a thermometer, seemed dangerous. 

"Lastly, Captain Newbold, of the brig Transit, on her passage from 
Halifax to St. Vincent, in February, 1842, discovered a shoal to wind- 
ward of the island of Antigua, in latitude IQ'^ 42' N., longitude 59^ '6. 
"He examined it as carefully as circumstances would permit, and 
describes it to be about 200 feet long and 80 wide, with 3. fathoms 
water in the centre, and much shallower on the edges. 

" The mean of these three positions is given above." 

The latitude and longitude in which the John Manning is here re- 
ported to have found the reef is not given, but the mean of the three 
positions named is given. We sounded along its parallel from 68° 35' 
to C9^ 15', (see track chart,) with a clear radius of vision, and examin- 
ing the neighborhood of the mean position assumed by Laurie, within 
two miles of which Mr. Renshaw, sounding from a boat, found no 
bottom at 3,200 fathoms depth, using waxed line and one 32-pound shot. 

June 6, 1852. 
Latitude 16^ 43' 22", © m.; longitude 58^ 54' 34", © p. m. 

KoAT Sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. J. 


Started . . . 


4 41 


36 




1,700 


5 25 


8 


3 33 


100 


4 42 


41 


1 5 


1,800 


5 28 


46 


3 38 


200 


4 44 


15 


1 34 


1,900 


5 32 


31 


3 45 


300 


4 45 


56 


1 41 


2,000 


5 36 


20 


3 49 


400 


4 47 


51 


1 55 


2,100 


5 40 


12 


3 52 


500 


4 49 


55 


2 4 


2,200 


5 44 


12 


4 


600 


4 52 


10 


2 15 


2,300 


5 48 


19 


4 7 


700 


4 54 


35 


2 25 


2,400 


5 52 


30 


4 11 


800 


4 57 


8 


2 33 


2,500 


5 56 


45 


4 15 


900 


4 59 


46 


2 38 


a; 600 


6 1 


10 


4 25 


1,000 


5 2 


33 


2 47 


2,700 


■ 6 5 


36 


4 26 


1,100 


5 5 


25 


2 52 


2,800 


6 10 


5 


4 29 


1,200 


5 8 


25 


3 


' 2,900 


6 14 


34 


4 39 


1,300 


5 11 


31) 


3 5 


3,000 


6 19 


H 


4 34 


1,400 


5 14 


50 


3 20 


3,100 


6 24 


20 


5 12 


1,500 


5 18 


9 


3 19 


3,200 


6 29 


32 


5 12 


1,600 


5 21 


35 


3 26 











Line parted, 1/t. 47>n. 565. 



S. Doc. 59. 



105 



In the position where tlie Transit located this reef in 1842, we did 
not find bottom at 1,000 fathoms. 

Throughout the day we w^ere unable to discover any appearance of 
a rock, or reef, or discolored water. Blue water, flying fish, (mostly 
large,) a few sea birds, and fresh sea-weed were seen. We are not 
informed that the Transit made reliable obervations, or had any chro- 
nometers. It is possible enough she may have got astray among the 
Windward Islands. But there is no record given of any observations 
she may have made, or of her run, as should have been the case where 
such a discovery is claimed, whereby she might have been tracked 
closely for the purpose of confirming or disproving the report. 

June 8. — Saw much narrow leaf sea- weed, generally fresh and very 
full of animals, such as crabs, shrimps, and toad fish. Saw many 
medusae, (Portuguese men-of-war,) and some flying fish. S(;a blue by 
day and not phosphorescent at night. Mr. Hall got bottom, (with one 
32-pound shot and unwaxed line,) at 3,300 fathoms, on the southern 
edge of the belt. 

June 8, 1852. 
Latitude 19° 2' 36" iV., © m.; longitude 59° 33' 20" W., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Interrals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


4 10 


59 




1,700 


4 57 


5 


3 49 


100 


4 12 


11 


1 12 


1,800 


5 


55 


3 50 


200 


4 13 


45 


1 34 


1,900 


5 4 


49 


3 54 


300 


4 15 


33 


1 48 


2,000 


5 8 


45 


3 56 


400 


4 17 


33 


2 


2,100 


5 12 


45 


4 


500 


4 19 


45 


2 12 


2,200 


5 16 


51 


4 6 


600 


4 22 


5 


2 20 


2,300 


5 21 


14 


4 23 


700 


4 24 


33 


2 28 


2,400 


5 25 


30 


4 16 


800 


4 27 


15 


2 42 


2,500 


5 29 


55 


4 25 


900 


4 30 


7 


2 52 


2,600 


5 34 


22 


4 27 


1,000 


4 33 


2 


2 55 


2,700 


5 39 


2 


4 40 


1,100 


4 36 


10 


3 8 


2,800 


5 43 


38 


4 36 


1,200 


4 39 


25 


3 15 


2,900 


5 48 


10 


4 32 


1,300 


4 42 


45 


3 20 


3,000 


5 52 


45 


4 35 


1,400 


4 46 


5 


3 20 


3,100 


5 57 


37 


4 52 


1,500 


4 49 


40 


3 35 


3,200 


6 2 


40 


5 3 


1,600 


4 53 


16 


3 36 


3,300 


6 8 


55 


6 15 



Bottom ; time running, l/i. 57m. 56s. 

June 9. — Sounded at 7 a. m. in the belt from a boat, no bottom at 
1,000 fathoms, and again at 4 p. m. without getting bottom at 1,200 
fathoms, when the line was checker], owing to a rising squall, and 
parted. Used one 32-pound shot and unwaxed line each time. 



106 S. Doc. 59. 

June 9, 1852. 
Latitude 20^ 12' 30" A^., a m.; longitude 59^ 38' 52" fV., Q a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


.... 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


7 20 40 




COO 


7 33 


2 48 


lO'J 


7 21 55 


1 15 


700 


7 36 


3 


200 


7 23 30 


1 35 


800 


7 39 17 


3 17 


300 


7 25 26 


1 56 


900 


7 42 42 


3 25 


400 


7 27 40 


2 14 


1,000 


7 46 10 


3 2b 


500 


7 30 12 


2 32 









Line parted ; time running, 25/(i. 30s. ; no bottom. 

June 9, 1852. 
Latitude 21° 13" 44" N., Q n. ; longitude 59^ 36' 10" JV., Q p. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Renshaw. 



Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started . , . 


4 11 55 




700 


4 26 46 


2 56 


100 


4 13 1 


1 6 


800 


4 29 54 


3 8 


200 


4 14 38 


1 37 


900 


4 33 3 


3 9 


300 


4 16 30 


1 52 


1,000 


4 36 40 


3 37 


400 


4 18 40 


2 10 


1,100 


4 40 21 


3 41 


500 


4 21 10 


2 30 


1,200 


4 45 15 


4 54 


600 


4 23 50 


2 40 









Line parted ; time running, 33m. 205. ; no bottom. 

Took temperatures with lurled sails at each sounding station. Saw 
much sea-weed, the fresh looking floated low, the stalest was on the 
surface ; some of the weed was in detached patches, some in strcalis 
from 1 to 4 feet wide, setting in the direction of the wind. 

June 10. — About the middle of the belt, at 7b. 15ni. a. m., furled 
eail and lowered a boat to sound ; no bottom at 250 fathoms ; when 
finding the sea too rough for the boat, it was hoisted up, and sounded 
with small line and one 32-pound shot from the vessel. By checking 
the line occasionally until it swung in towards the vessel, and making 
due allowance for stray line, estimated an up and down sound of 800 
fathoms, without getting bottom. At 5h. 25m. p. m. again iiirled and 
cast in like manner, finding no bottom at 600 fathoms. 

June 11. — Approaching the northern edge of the belt. The several 
soundings made to-day were from the weather gangway of the brig, 
with all sail furled, using small line and one 32-pound shot. Some 
chain lightning and much very vivid sheet lightning in all quarters of 
the heavens. Much sea-weed, generally stale, floating in lines with 
the wind. 



S. Doc. 59. 



107 



June 12. — On the northern edge of the belt, having run a third line 
of soundings over it. Mr. Hall got bottom this morning from the boat 
at .3,825 fathoms, with one 32-pound shot, and reports that the line, 
which was kept running up and down by occasional gentle puUing, was 
of our smallest size and best quality of unbleached flax-thread fishing- 
line, of three strands, and four threads to each strand, well waxed 
throughout, ran unusually well and quicker than usual. The wind 
was light ; sea tolerably smooth. 

June 12, 1852. 
Latitude 26^ 32' 31" iV., D. R.; lovgitude 60^ 6' 51" W., 3) a. m. 

Boat sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A. M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 




h. m. s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


5 41 19 




2,000 


6 24 54 


2 44 


100 


5 42 11 


52 


2,100 


6 27 40 


2 46 


200 








2,200 


6 30 31 


2 51 


300 


5 44 .-5 


2 44 


2,300 


6 33 24 


2 53 


400 


5 46 36 


1 41 


2,400 


6 36 23 


2 59 


500 


5 48 25 


1 49 


2,500 


6 39 30 


3 7 


600 


5 50 16 


1 51 


2,600 


7 42 37 


3 7 


700 


5 52 14 


1 58 


2,700 


6 45 45 


3 8 


800 


5 54 16 


2 2 


2,800 


6 48 53 


3 8 


900 


5 56 26 


2 10 


2,900 


6 52 2 


3 9 


1,000 


5 58 40 


2 14 


3,000 


6 55 12 


3 10 


1,100 


6 1 6 


2 26 


3,100 


6 58 22 


3 10 


1,120 


6 3 38 


2 32 


3,200 


7 1 32 


3 10 


1,300 


6 6 10 


2 32 


3,300 


7 4 44 


3 12 


1,400 


6 8 44 


2 34 


3,400 


7 7 57 


3 13 


1,500 


6 11 26 


2 42 


3,500 


7 11 17 


3 20 


1,600 


6 14 2 


2 36 


3,600 


7 14 40 


3 23 


1,700 


6 16 45 


2 43 


3,700 


7 18 8 


3 23 


1,800 


6 19 26 


2 41 


3.800 


7 21 42 


3 34 


1,900 


6 22 10 


2 44 


3; 825 


7 22 37 


55 



Bottom ; time running, Ih. 41m. 18s. 

This cast, reported " a good one," was the deepest made during the 
cruise. Saw much sea-weed during the day, generally old, and some 
fresh pieces. On the English admiralty chart of June 23, 1851, sound- 
ings in 366 fathoms are laid down a degree north of our sounding of 
to-day, reported in the New Bedford Mercury to have been found by 
the Harvest in 1850. In the extract from the narrative of the Harvest, 
given in the London Nautical Magazine for November, 1850, page 700, 
it is said : 

" April 15 ; latitude 27° 30" N., longitude 60^ 3' W., Bermuda bear- 
ing NW. by N., 300 miles, sounded and got bottom in 366 fathoms." 
"The line (used) was constructed thus: first 100 fathoms (of) five parts 
of shoe thread, second four parts, third three parts, fourth two parts, 
remainder single. The lead weighed five pounds ; the whole wound 
upon a light reel and held by hand. In this process of obtaining sound- 
ings the lead is not to be hauled up." 

The experiments made by the Dolphin and others of our public ves- 



108 S. Doc. 59. 

sels show how rapidly such twine as was used by the Harvest would 
untwist, open, and draw apart. Instead of getting bottom at 366 
fathoms, the probability is that tlic fourth 100 fathoms' length of line 
used by the Harvest, and made of but two threads of shoe thread, or 
probably enough some of the weak line below it had parted, when it 
stopped running, and that there was then no strain upon the line, which 
they would have found out had an attempt been made to haul it up. 

The Harvest reports obtaining bottom in like manner on two other 
occasions in this vicinity — once at 160 miles S. by E. of Bermuda, 
with bottom at 620 fathoms, which is at about twice the depth, half 
the distance, and in the same direction of the other above mentioned 
supposed sounding. It is impossible to repose any confidence in the 
Harvest's soundings as thus reported, for besides the very insufficient 
line, or rather twine used, it is not shown whether or not the sound 
. was taken from the vessel hove to, or with sails furled, or from a boat 
allowed to drift to leeward, or kept over the descending lead by man- 
agement of the oars. 

June 13. — At lOh. 15m. a. m. saw a long well defined water spout 
proceeding from a nimbus cloud bearing S W. by W., distant 10 miles ; 
it disappeared, soon formed again, and was then in view 4i minutes; 
its funnel was 2^ 27', and its spout 1° 42' of altitude. Saw sea-weed 
in moderate quantities in narrow streaks in the direction of the wind. 

June 14. — In the middle of the belt, searching for the Overfalls or 
Heavy ripples, of which the following account is given in Laurie's At- 
lantic Memoir, London, 1845, p. 468 : 

" Overfalls or heavy ripples, in latitude 24° 11' and longitude 61° 
44'. On Sunday, the 7th of Februar}'-, 1819, at 10 a. m., the schooner 
Brilliant, Captain Tulloch, on her passage from Gibraltar to Havana, 
passed through very heavy overfalls extending NNE. ^ E. and SSW. 
^ W., tmc, as far as the eye could reach, with much sea-weed (fucus 
natans) in it. The breadth of the overfalls did not exceed half a mile. 
Course run from 10 a. m. W. by N., six miles an hour, equal to twelve 
miles. Latitude observed at noon 24° 10' 38". Hence the latitude in 
which we crossed the overfalls was about 24^ 31' 11", after allowing 
1° 45' S. for heave of the sea. The longitude of the overfalls I found, 
by mean of three sets of lunars, stars Regulus and Aldebaran, east and 
west of the moon, continued to noon, by account, was 61° 43' 57" W. 
The preceding information was communicated by our friend Captain 
Livingston, by whom the lunar distances were taken : He adds, ' none 
of us saw such a heavy ripple, except near land, before; and both Cap- 
tain Tulloch and I felt confident, that if there had been a fresh breeze, 
the overfalls would have broke very heavily. We saw no danger, but 
both suspect that some exists iiereabout; and there was a good deal 
of Gulf weed about the edges of the ripples.'" 

It will be remarked that this longitude was from lunar observation, 
but when taken the account does not state. The allowance of 1° 45' 
S. is large, even when corrected to 1' 45" S. for difference of latitude 
caused by heave of the sea in two hours run, "at six miles an hour,'* 
in a moderate breeze ; for such it must have been, as the writer says, 
*' if there had been afresh breeze, the overfalls would have broke very 
heavily^ They ought to have broke heavily if there was anything to 



S. Doc. 59. 



109 



break ngainst, with a heaving sea or swell sufficient to set the vessel 
south near a mile an hour, when sailing W. by N. six nailcs an hour, 
probably in the NE. trades. These overfalls were a half mile v^ide, 
and, it is to be inferred from the account, some 15 or 20 miles long; 
yet, in all that extent, the writer says "we saw no danger," and it ap- 
pears at the time made no effort to ascertain if there was any. 

The weather was very clear, and the water smooth and blue during 
the day. We kept the lead going, and an extra lookout aloft with a 
spyglass. At 3h. 23m. p. m. when from the noon latitude and from 
the longitude by chronometers from the a. m. sun sights, (confirmed 
within a half minute of longitude in arc by the p. m. chronometer 
sights,) we were at the assigned position of these overfalls, with all 
sail furled, took temperatures from the brig, and sounded from a boat 
with a 32-pound shot and waxed fishing line, when Mr. Hall got bot- 
tom at 3,450 fathoms. 

June 14, 1852. 

Latitude 24° 11' 8" N., Q m.; longitude 61° 43' 31" W., © p. m. 

Boat Sounding. — Ma. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


TimeP 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


3 34 


20 




1,800 


- 4 15 





3 26 


100 


3 35 


11 


51 


1,900 


4 18 


30 


3 30 


200 


3 36 


15 


1 4 


2,000 


4 22 


5 


3 35 


300 


3 37 


34 


1 19 


2,100 


4 25 


43 


3 38 


400 


3 39 


2 


1 28 


2,200 


4 29 


22 


3 39 


500 


3 40 


42 


1 40 


2,300 


4 33 


8 


3 46 


600 


3 42 


30 


1 48 


2,400 


4 37 





3 52 


700 


3 44 


23 


1 53 


2,500 


4 41 


2 


4 2 


800 


3 46 


25 


2 2 


2,600 


4 45 


10 


4 8 


900 


3 48 


45 


2 20 


2,700 


4 49 


22 


4 12 


1,000 


3 51 


13 


2 28 


2,800 


4 53 


38 


4 16 


1,100 


3 53 


45 


2 32 


2,900 


4 58 


2 


4 24 


1,200 


3 56 


35 


2 50 


3,000 


5 2 


33 


4 31 


1,300 


3 59 


25 


2 50 


3,100 


5 7 


4 


4 31 


1,400 


4 2 


23 


2 58 


3,200 


5 11 


40 


4 36 


1,500 


4 5 


24 


3 1 


3,300 


5 16 


17 


4 37 


1,600 


4 8 


26 


3 2 


3,400 


5 20 


56 


4 39 


1.700 


4 11 


34 


3 8 


3,500 


5 26 





5 4 



Time running, \h. 51)n. 40s. ; bottom at 3,450, in Ih. 497Ji. 8s. ^ 

This good sound was near the middle of the supposed mountainous 
belt. The sounding taken at 7h. 10m. p. m. showed no bottom at 350 
fathoms of small line up and down. This position is given in latitude 
and longitude by p. m. twilight stars. Saw a small quantity of stale 
sea- weed daring the day, but no indication of any danger. 

Mne 15. — Tlie morning cast was made from the vessel, using fishing 
line and shot. The alternoon cast was made with triple size line fioin 
a boat. No bottom at either. Saw a few gulls anrl some sea-weed, 
mostly stale. The transparency of the water observed from the vessel 
this morning, when the sky was overcast and it was raining, was only 



110 S. Doc. 59. 

9 fathf)ms. The weather was much belter when the transparency waa 
tried in the afternoon. 

Mourand's Bank. 

Jtoic IG. 17, 18, 19, nnd 20. — Sounding nnd sn;irching with lead and 
ghiss for Mourand's bank, of which the following account is given in 
Laurie's Atlantic Memoir; London, 1845, p. 468: 

Mourand's bank, in latitude 24° 34', longitude C5^ KX. 

" This danger was discovered by Mourand, commander of the Prince 
dc Nizam', ot Nantes, on the 6th of April, 1773. This person has the 
character of having been an intelligent navigator and accurate observer. 
He describes it to be a 'bank of red sand, many parts of which are out 
of water, like detached islands, over which the sea breaks; it appeared 
to extend about a quarter of a league fi-om north to south.' The jour- 
nal of Captain Mourand's voyage having been submitted to the con- 
sideration of Messrs. Verdun, Borda, and Pingre, they have been 
enabled to calculate with every probability of correctness its true posi- 
tion." 

This location is on the southern edge of the belt of supposed subter- 
ranean mountains. 

June 16. — Saw much sea- weed in NNE. and SSW. lines, with some 
large patches ; bottled a specimen. 

June 17. — Patent log made a false exhibit from 2 to 3 p. m.; logged 
that hour by common log. At f5h. 30m'. p. m., Mr. Hall found no bot- 
tom with one 32-pound shot and small line at 1,000 fathoms. Much 
lightning in all quarters during first watch. 

Jinie }ii. — Much sheet lightning during mid and forenoon watches; 
some forked lightning in latter. Passed a ship and a schooner. Saw 
a little sea-weed. 

Ju7ic 19. — Two sail in sight. Saw a little sea-weed. 

Jime 20. — In morning watch saw large patches of stale looking sea- 
weed floating in lines parallel to the wind. In the forenoon watch saw 
much sea-weed, generally fresh looking. At 9h. a. m. sounded from a 
boat, when Mr. Hull got bottom at 3,560 fathoms with the waxed fishing 
line and one 32-pound shot, (sea smooth and wind light,) near the 
position of the reef, but not upon it, as was supposed at the time, from 
good twilight observations oi" this morning. 



Ill 



S. Doc. 59. 

June 20, 1852. 
Latitude 24° 36' 46" N., * a.m.; longitude 65° 12' 18" W., ^ a. m. 



Boat Sounding. — Mr. Hall. 



Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms. 


Time A 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. 


m. 


5. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started . . . 


9 


3 


36 




1,900 


9 49 





3 13 


100 


9 


4 


37 


1 1 


2,000 


9 52 


19 


3 19 


200 


9 


5 


56 


1 19 


2,100 


9 55 


39 


3 20 


300 


9 


7 


27 


1 31 


2,200 


9 59 


5 


3 26 


400 


9 


9 


10 


1 43 


2,300 


10 2 


30 


3 25 


500 


9 


11 





1 50 


2,400 


10 5 


55 


3 25 


600 


9 


13 


1 


2 1 


2,500 


10 9 


30 


3 35 


700 


9 


15 


14 


2 13 


2,600 


10 13 


5 


3 35 


800 


9 


17 


34 


2 20 


2,700 


10 16 


45 


3 40 


900 


9 


19 


55 


2 21 


2,800 


10 20 


25 


3 40 


1,000 


9 


22 


30 


2 35 


2,900 


10 24 


5 


3 40 


1,100 


9 


25 


5 


2 35 


3,000 


10 27 


45 


3 40 


1,200 


9 


27 


50 


2 45 


3,100 


10 31 


40 


3 55 


1,300 


9 


30 


40 


2 50 


3,200 


10 35 


35 


3 55 


1,400 


9 


33 


33 


2 53 


3,300 


10 39 


35 


4 


1,500 


9 


36 


32 


2 59 


3,400 


10 43 


36 


4 1 


1,600 


9 


39 


34 


3 2 


3,500 


10 47 


56 


4 20 


1,700 


9 


42 


39 


3 5 


3,560 


10 51 


27 


3 31 


1,800 


9 


45 


47 


3 8 


3,600 


10 53 


30 


2 3 



Time running, Ih. 49m. 54s. ; bottom at 3,560, in Ih. ilvi. 51s. 

This sound was taken near the southern edge of the belt, over which 
we have now run four hnes of soundings, and shall cross it again in 
the homeward route. At 7h. p. m. sounded with 1,000 fathoms of line 
in the position of the vigia, by the mean of all the good observations of 
the da}', without getting bottom. Tried the surface current. Saw no 
indication of any shoal, either above or below the surface, during our 
search for this alleged discover}^ in 1773. Lost the northeast trades in 
3° north on the African side January 12, and took them, hght and va- 
riable, in 3^ south on the American side, north of Cape St. Roque, and 
at 2^ south (April 4) they became steady, though still hght. Did not 
lose them again until we got in the parallel of 25° north, to the south- 
ward of Bermuda, near the middle of June, in about the same latitude 
in which we took them at the close of November, on the eastern side of 
the Atlantic. 

The trades have been somewhat stronger, with rougher seas (less 
favorable for sounding) and with more rain on the western than on the 
eastern side of the Atlantic — shedding the moisture taken up on their 
passage across the Atlantic before reaching the land. 

June 21. — Saw small quantities of sea-v/eed, in detached bunches, 
floating high. At 40m. p. m. furled sail, took temperatures from brig, 
and sounded from boat with one 32-pound shot, without getting bottom 
with 2,350 fathoms of unwaxed line, which was all there was on the 
reel. This cast was made just south of the belt. The hne parted 
before the current could be tried from the boat. 



112 



S. Doc. 59. 

June 21, 1852. 



Latitude 25^ 14' 13" xV., O m.; longitude G6^ 57' 12" W., Q a. m. 
Boat Soundihg. — Mr. Re>^sua\v. 



Fathoms. 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 


Fathoms . 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




k. m. 


s. 


m. s. 




h. m. 


s. 


m. J. 


Started . . . 


12 51 


17 




1,300 


1 25 


40 


3 41) 


100 


12 52 


15 


58 


1,400 


1 29 


35 


3 55 


200 


12 53 


30 


1 15 


1,500 


1 33 


48 


4 13 


300 


12 55 


14 


I 44 


1,6 JO 


1 38 


6 


4 18 


400 


12 57 


15 


2 1 


1,700 


1 42 


45 


4 39 


500 


12 59 


30 


2 15 


1,8U0 


1 47 


i-0 


4 35 


600 


1 2 


9 


2 39 


1,9.)0 


1 52 


9 


4 49 


700 


1 4 


55 


2 46 


2,000 


1 57 


3 


4 54 


800 


1 7 


55 


3 


2,100 


2 2 


22 


5 19 


900 


1 11 


3 


3 8 


2,200 


2 7 


23 


5 t 


1,000 


1 14 


30 


3 27 


2,300 


2 12 


34 


5 11 


1,100 


1 18 


10 


3 40 


2,350 


2 15 


12 


2 38 


1,200 


1 22 





3 50 











Parted; time running, Ih. 23»i. 55s.; no bottom. 

June 22. — Saw a few small flying-fish and but little sca-weetl. Bot- 
tled a bunch of this weed, which floated low in the water, and on whicli 
the larger berries were old, and the main stems were withered and 
much incrusted with coralline substances, with small stems, leaves, 
and berries growing from them, looking fresh, and indicating a second 
growth. At 3 p. m., with furled sails, got good temperature observa- 
tions from the brig. No bottom at 1,000 fathoms ; cast from the boat; 
used triple size fishing-line, which parted unaccountably before current 
observations could be made. 

Jime 23. — Saw but little sea-weed. Took temperature sounding 
from the brig ; sounded from boat; no bottom at 1,000 fathoms, and 
tried currents. The fine (triple size) parted in reeling up. It was a 
new line, but the reel oft" vt'hich it came had, it appears, been injured 
by a leak in the deck. 

Jtme 24. — Sounded and tried current from boat. No bottom at 1,000 
fathoms. The current at 10 fathoms seems rather less than the surtiice 
current, and considerably less than that at 80 fathoms depth. Saw 
but little sea-weed. 

Jtmc 25. — At 5!i. 10m. a. m. furled sails and took temperatures from 
the brig ; soundc^d flom a boat ; no bottom at GOO fathoms ; sea rough ; 
noticed some old and some fresh looking sea-weed, and some large and 
.some small flying-fish. At 6 p. m. ag:iin furled sail and took temper- 
ature soundings. No bottom at 345 fathoms. The lines came in 
much inchncd. Saw two sail. At night had he;ivy rain and much 
lightning. 

June 26. — Noticed some stale sea-weed in lines par;dlel with the 
wind. Saw one sail, several largo sea birds, and a whale, spouting 
low. Furled sail and took temperature soundings, a. m. and p. m., 
no bottom at either cast, with 345 fathoms line. A subsetjuent exauii- 



S. Doc. 59. 



113 



nation of our surface temperatures along this part of the sea (eastward 
of the Gulf Stream) indicates soundings. 

Jiiive 27. — At 4h. a. m. furled sail and took temperatm-es from bri*^ - 
sounded Irom a boat ; sea rough ; no bottom at 70C fathoms. Cauglit 
a shark. Saw manj^ sea birds, but little sea-\veed, and a few larcre 
flying-fish. ^ 

Jime 28.— At midnight took temperatures with sails -furled. At 8 a. 
m. saw a shole of porpoises and noticed a change in the color of the 
sea. At noon, sea. a light blue color. At 4 p. m., sea-water of an 
ohve green color. At 4h. 40m. p. m. furled sail and took temperatures 
irom brig, and got bottom, on the „uter edge of soundings, at 1,460 
fathoms, soundmg from a boat With one 32-pound shot and waxed fish- 
ing hne, and tried currents w^th the boat so anchored. 



June 28, 1852. 
Latitude 36° 4' '^1" N., © m. ; hmgitude 73° 59' 0" W., © p. m. 

Boat soukding. — Mr. Mato. 























Fatbor;^g_ 


Time P. M. 


Intervals. 

! 


{ i 
Fathoms. { 

i 


Time P 


M. 


Intervals. 




h. 


Hi. s. 


! 

i m. 


s. 


; 1 


h. 


m. 


s. 


m. s. 


Started... 


4 


53 35 


1 




'■ 800 : 


5 


7 


25 


2 23 


100 


4 


54 20 


1 


45 


'■' 900 1 


5 


9 


58 


2 33 


200 


4 


55 36 


i 1 


16 


1,000 i 


5 


12 


38 


2 40 


300 








i 





1,100 1 


5 


15 


26 


2 48 • 


400 


4 


58 48 


1 3 


12 


1,200 ! 


5 


18 


17 


2 51 


500 


5 


40 


1 


52 


, 1,300 1 


5 


21 


19 


3 2 


600 


5 


2 47 


1 2 


7 


: 1,400 1 


5 


24 


25 


3 6 


700 


5 


5 2 


i ■ ^ 


15 


I ij490 j 

; i 


5 


28 


15 


3 50 




Time lunning 


, 347«. 40s. -, b( 


3ttom at 1,460; 


in 33m. 23 







No sea-weed seen to-day. Many sail in sight. At 6h. p. m. picked 
up and bottled a specimen of weed, such as is found in bays and 
sounds, very much encrusted with barnacles. The currents given iir 
the columns are each the mean of three agreeing trials. 

June 29. — In discolored water. 

June 30. — Foggy weather. At 6 p. m. bent cables. At 7h. p. m. 
in 23 fathoms water. 

July 1. — At dayhght the highlands of Navesink in sight. At 8 a. m. 
in tow of steam-tug, furled sail, &c. At noon anchored off the navy- 
yard. New York. Sent the powder to the magazine. The crew, after 
an arduous and confining cruise of eight months, [tluring which the 
Dolphin had been but 40 days in port to obtain supplies and rate chro- 
nometers, having touched at but three open, and these very sickly, 
ports, viz : Porto Praya, where there was much mortality from African 
fever, and Pernambuco and Para, where the yellow fever prevailed, 
and where it was impracticable to allow the men liberty,] were soon 
discharged. The five passed midshipmen, alter a severe' surveying^ 
cruise, in which each of thetn had performed duties similar to tliose o\ 
a lieutenant and master combined, received three months' leave of ab- 
8 



114 S. Doc. 59. 

sence ; but so great was the necessity for their services that three of 
them were ordered to sea in one month, another in two months, and 
the other in aboul three months' time from the date of the leave of ab- 
sence, whilst the h"';st-named had aheady been for two months on other 
duty, since our returii ; consequently, the services of none of these offi- 
cers, who were familiar with its operations, were available in bringing 
up the results of. the cruise- A serious injury to an e3^e of the com- 
manding officer, received in the latter part of the cruise, occasioned 
still more delay in presenting u,his report. 



ABSTRACT LOG 

OF 

THE IMTED STATES SURVEYING BRIG DOLPHIN, 

LIEUT. SAMUEL PHILLIPS LEE, UNITED STATES NAVY, COMMANDER, 

BOUND FROM 

NEW YORK TO THE CAPE VERDE ISLANDS. 



116 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract lo<r of (he United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut. Samuel 
° the Cape 





r 




Surface current. 


I 








! 
Latitude. j .Vongittidc. 

•j 

i 
1 


From resacl. 


From boat. 




Date. 


Direction. 


r 

] « 


Direction. 

1 


1 


j£ 


Direction. 


1 

i 


1851. 
Oct. 8, noon — 

8p.ni... 
9,4 a.m... 


Xorth. 

40 21 23 © 

40 6 47©m.... 
89 51 51 " m.... 

89 52 45 " 

89 52 49 " m.... 

89 43 8 * m.... 
89 23 5©m.... 

89 13 19 " m.... 

38 59 7 " m.... 

88 53 11 " m.... 

88 21 43 " m.... 

37 50 51 D. K.... 

37 88 27 " . . . . 

87 85 " . . . . 
37 52 0®m.... 

37 59 " 

88 20 " ra.... 
3S 27 " in 


•^ ' ' a. m. 
73 45 8 

p. m. 
73 22 19 " p. m. 
72 35 39 " a. m. 

a. m. 
72 42 26 © 

p.m. 

72 42 26 " p. m. 

72 87 6 " p. m. 
72 14 31 " a. m. 

72 1 88 " a. m. 

a.m. 
71 44 39 

p. m. 

71 47 8 " p. m. 




1 
1 














N.SS-- K.. 





S.40^K... 


0.0 
0.6 


\" 












1 1 






2.30 p. m 


.NW.byW. 



1 
0.5 


t 

.... 


1 

);NW.byW 
)|NW.byW 


0.5 
0.5 


8 p.m... 
10,4 a.m... 




• 


• 1p.m... 

8p.m... 
11,4 a.m... 




























71 5 sD. R.... 
















7 a. m... 


70 57 " 


































\ 

8 p.m... 
12,4 a.m... 


70 30 " 
































a. m. 

69 56 26 © 

p.m. 
















8 p.m... 
13,4 a.m... 




































a.m. 
07 15 41 © 

p.m. 
07 2 41 " p. m. 
66 40 41 " n. m. 

a. m. 
66 42 41 © 

p.m. 

a. m. 
66 42 © 

p. m. 
66 41 42 " p ra 


S. 74°E... 
N. 51<> W. 


8.1 
0.2 












8p.m... 
14,4 a.m... 


88 24 " m.... 
38 25 " m.... 

38 28 " 

38 27 " m.... 

88 26 12 " m.... 

38 21 86 " m.... 
88 15 5S " m.... 

8S 14 16 " 

87 42 46 " m.... 
37 »i " m.... 
37 31 " m.... 

37 43 " 

37 48 " m.... 

87 53 30 " m.... 
37 52 " m.... 









.... 






2 p. m... 

8 p.m... 

15,4 a.m... 
10 a. m. . 










































66 41 35 " a m 


















a. m. 

66 42 35 © 

p.m. 




N. 86° E.. 














8 p.m... 
16,2.30 a. m 












66 57 15 " a in 
















4 a.m... 
noon 


66 52 35 " a. m. 

a. m. 

GO 6 5 © 

06 10 5 " p m 


x. eo^E.. 


3.5 












3 p. m. .. 












IT, 4 a.m... 


06 48 5 •' a. m 
















8.10 a. m 


06 50 3 " a. m. 

















S. Doc. 59. 

Phillips Lee, United States navy, comynander, 
Verde islands. 



117 

hotmd from,- js'eiv York to 



Varia- Baro- 

tion. meter. 



Temp., air. Temp., water. 



Under 
surface. 



80. IS 
80.21 



5 41 © 30.27 



55-©i 



.' 80.24 

.' -m.2ft\ 
.\ a«.i6 

to. 16 
10.18 









30.16 

29. SO 

29. 9S 
30 00 




80.02 
•^9.92 




29. S3 
29.98 

29 97 


9 IT © 


29.90 

29.91 

29.89 
29.98 

29.95 

29.98 
80.08 
30.08 
30.06 
80.11 

30.14 
30.18 


........ 





... eil.r 

...I 58' ■■ 
67. 611 J 57 



75 57 250 

tJ....! 



78'....!. 

I I 



^S^ 






68 


67 


67 


6S 






68 






66 
61 


65 


62 


60 






60 







Directioj, 



ssw... 
ssw... 



East . . . . 
E. hy N . 

E.byN. 

E. by N . 

ESE. ... 



ESE. to NE. by E 

E. byS 

E. by S 

E. toSE. by E... 
East 



2 Ci, ci < 
41 



East. 



SE. 



S. byE 

S. by W.. 
by AV 



Nd. t Wd.— Sd. £ 
Wd., variable 



STV. by ! 
SW. ... 



S\V., Nd. and TTd 
NW. by W 



NW. 



WXW.,NW.... 

XW.byX 

NW 

Nd. &-\Vd., Nd. 
NE. to N. by W. 



Nd. and Ed. to N 

by AV. 
NE 



4Ci. cuS... 4&'d. &Ed.. 
j Sd. 

4Cicu,cuS 6 

!Sd. t Ed. 

5 L.I 

i I Sd. 

4;Cu, cu S . . llOl 

I jXd. &Wd. 
5CuS, N...I 9Sd. &Ed.. 

OCi ! 9 Eastward . 

I 1 i -Nd. I 



7Ci cu i 1—^ 

1 ^A.*k Ed 
! Wd. 

5Ci, cu I 8 



Sd . & Wd 

5;Cu i SSd. &Wd 

I ■■ ,Sd. &\Td 

OCicu, cuS' S 

i iNd.&Ed 

10 Cu N 10 SV,- 

Ci.cu, N.. T Westward. 



Cu S, 
CuS, 

CuS. 
CuS, 
Cicu, 

Cu . . 



j NW. 

'i 

')A\" 



ci cu I 7 Northward 
Nd. & 



.16 



Nd. 
Nd. &Wd, 



b 

be 
be 
b c o 
oq 



be 

be 

be 

opq 
o 

be 

be 
be 
oq 

o— b c 

be 



118 



S. Doc. o9. 



Absl)^^^ ^^S ^f ^^^^ United States surveijing brig Doljphin, Lieut. 





\ 


i 
Longitude. 

1 


Surface current. 










Latitude. 


From vessel. 


From boat. 


I ndcr currents. 


Date. 


Directioiv 


s 
2 

i 

1 


Direction. 


i 
I 


1 


Direction. 


i 

2. 

i 


1S51. 
Oct. 17, noon 

6.8p. m. 

Sp. m... 

18,1.45 a. m 

4 a.m... 

6.42 a. m 


.\uHh. 

38 r © 

88 24 * p. m. 

38 6 12 " p.'m. 
38 10 Ol). K....- 
38 10 •'.... 

38 9 "'.... 

38 8 " .... 
38 2 " .... 
.38 10 12 " .... 
38 2 " .... 

38 9 24 " . . . . 

.38 1 1-2 m.... 

37 44 40 " m.... 

37 i>i " m.... 

37 44 " 

37 17 " m.... 
.36 5S 6 " m.... 

".r, m ra " 


06 46 30 lEastv 

p.m. ! 


3.2 


1 
1 
















67 9 35 " p. m. 
07 26 D. K. 

07 25 " 






• 1 


















































Sp. m... 
10 4 a m 


'67 18 35 " 














67 9 35 " ' 






























8 p. in... 
20 4a m 


66 86 ''O " ' 














60 4 20 " 














9.20 a. m 


65 20 5 0p. ra. ! 















noon 

Sp.ra... 
21, 4 a in 


65 20 30 " p. m. 1 

65 29 28 " p m 1 


.... 












65 47 " a m | 














noon 


a.m. 1 
65 57 © S 23» W 


0.3 












5p.m... [36 58 " m.... 
8p.m...ls7 8 =f p.m. 
22, 4 a. m. ..' 37 19 .'iP, " m 


a. m. 
66 12 28 ■' p. m. 

66 15 28 '• p m 




NF, 


1.0 






- 








05 51 " a in 














noon 

4.30 p. m 
8 p.m... 


87 2.; :,- 

37 30 35 " m . . . . 

37 28 36 " m.... 
.37 45 SOD. R.... 

37 31 28 

87 13 39 * p. ra. 
Sfi 29 .'iS " -A m 


05 48 10 © —^ ?. SO'^K... 
p.m. 

1 


0.6 



























23,4 a.m... 
















noon. . . . 


65 48 30 " a.m. S.45»E... 
65 21 " a m 


0.6 












Sp.m... 
24,4 a.m... 












65 29 6 " a. m. ... 














noon.. .' a^ 50 110 

8 p.m...! 85 45 15 * p.m. 

25,4a. m...i 35 42 24® m.... 

9.20 a. mi 35 48 36 '• m. . 


a.m. 
65 57 45 © South .... 

p. m. 1 

65 56 12 " p. m. i : 

05 59 58 " a m ! 


0.4 












I'" 












1 








noon.... 85 58 24 " 

2 p. in...' 35 52 6 " m 


a.m. 1 

65 50 40 © Is. 76°W.. 

p.m. 1 


0.2 


















Sp.m... 


35 51 44 " m.... 
35 54 * a.m. 
35 57 

85 58 2 © 

35 50 " m.... 
35 55 40 * a. m. 

85 56 24 m 
















26,4 a.m... 
















8a.m... 


65 51 






1 










a. m. 

65 85 46 © 

p. m. 

66 28 6 '' p. m. 
66 18 21 " a. m. 

a. m. 
65 55 14 © 

p. m. 
65 52 " p. m. 


N. 45° W. 
S 77«E 


0.5 
0.4 


1 








Sp.m... 
27,4 a.m... 

noon 




:::; 








8p.m...| 85 52 18 " m.... 















S. Doc. 59. 



119 



Samuel Phillips Lee, United 'States navy, commander — Continued. 



Varia- 
tion. 



Temp., water. 



80.18 61! 
30.16 64! 



so.ie! 67. 



29.92 



66 



64; 69 1 



2^ 

''^.m- 75! 72 

29. CS 7l' 

59.74: 70 



20 SS 



30.06 72 

80.04! 72 

I 

80.05' 68 



.97! 70 
.80 70 
.86 68 72 



80.10 65 63 



^.10 60. 

3D. 021 64. 

30.06| OG . 

30.03' 69 

29.98 71 , 



29.80. 75] 74 



29.63! 72. 
29.421 71 1. 



29.51 73 75 



Under 
surface. 



Direction ppj 
compa?;^. 



ENE 

Nd. and Ed. 
ENE 



East. 



E..SE.byE 

E. by S., ENE... 
SE. by E.,SSE... 
SSE„ E 



SW. to W. by 1 
W.,W.by N. 

NW 

N^Y 

^VNW. NW . . 



W. by N., W. by S. 
WNW., calm 



N. toNE.... 

NNE......... 

ENE., NNE.. 
E,byN.,SE. 



SW.,SSW 

SSW 

Wd., N. by W. 

North 

NW 



S.,SE... 
SW. ... 



NW., N.. 

Calm .... 

Calm 

ENE 

ENE., SE. 

S. byW.. 



S. liy W. 
South . . 



by .E. 



SW., W 

WNW., NW.... 



:;■ 



4Ci cu... 
4! 

4'Ci, cu .. 



7;Cu 

lOCuS, N. 

ION 

lO.N 



9 Cu, cu S , 
6 Cu 

'! 

6' 



6 Cu , 

J," 



Nd. & Ed 
Eastward 



lOjNd. & Ed 
10 Sd. &Wd, 
10 Sd. & Ed, 
&Wd, 
9 

7 



Nd. & Wd. 
Nd. & Wd. 



i Nd. & Wd 



oCu, ci cu 
.iS, cuS.. 

l;Ci cu ! 7.Nd. & Ed. 



4 Nd. & Wd, 
3,Nd. & W^d, 



2Ci cu 

2CuS,ciS. 



6|Nd. & Ed 
5,Sd. &Ed., 



I 
2 Ci cu, cu S 8 Sd. & Ed 

5N 8Sd. &AVd 

5 CuS 10 Nd. &Wd. 

3CuS,N ...I 8Nd. & Ed. 
4,Cu, cuS,N 9Nd. &Wd. 



4Cu 



2 Cu S, ci cu 

J 



7|Nd. &Wd. 

7! 

9Sd. &Wd 

;J::: 



4 Cu 4 Southward 

5Cu ! 5Sd. & Ed. 

8Ncu 1 SSd. iWd 

I I I 

7CuS 6Sd. iWd 

I I 
9,Cu I 8NW 



120 S. Doc. 59. 

Absifact log of the United States swrveylng Ong Dolphin, Lieut 



1851. 
Oct. 2?, 4 a. m 



4.20 p. 1 

8p.m., 

29, 4.a. m.. 



4p.m. 

8 p. m. 

30,4 a. m. 



8p. m. 
2,4 a. m. 



noon . . 

S.20p. 

5 p, m . 

9 p. m. 
5, 4 a. m. 



4, 4 a. ni 
noon. 



Sp. 
5,4 a. 



noon . 
S p. m 



6 p.m. 

8 p. m . 

7, 4 a. m. 

noon. . 

8 p. ui . 

9. 4 a. m . 

noon. . 



4(5 10 I 

6 67 

54 
41 57 I 
26 57 



5 
12 9( 
56 9 

18 59 

20 .59 



11 " m. 

20 '• . . . 



43 :i: p. 1 

00 m. 

28 " . , . 

" m. 

" m. 

45 " m. 
45 " m. 




21 ©m. 

" m. 
52 * a. 



12 
33 G. 



p.] 



12 0, 
" : 



36 " . 
6 0m. 
59 " . . . 
55 " m. 



Longitude. 



Wr.<t. 
47 10 e 
49 15 



S.34^W.. 1-2 



m. 



28 

7 15 O p. m. 
35 15 " a. m. 

a. m. 
5S 26 e 

p. m. 

55 

51 26 p. m. 
81 26 " a. m. 



North O.S 







3 21 p. m. 



04 39 15 D. R. 



4 15 ' 
31 15 ' 
43 15© 



m. 



41 20 " a. m. 

a. m. 
24 OO 

p.m. 
6 0" p. m. 

56 15 " p. m. 

p. m. 



56 20 
48 32 
59 



a. m. 



24 31 " p. m. 
15 15 + a. m. 

a. ni. 
10 44 

* p. m. 

60 11 " p. m. 

50 87 " a. m. 

a. m. 

45 6 

p. m. 
47 8 " p. m. 



49 24 

p. m. 
5 S " p. m. 



3 45 " p. m. 
10 SD. R. 
14 26 " 
26 3 " 



28 8© i 



66 26 
43 2 



Surface currents. 
From vussel. From boat. 



\ 



N. 52" E.. 0.6 



S. 60''E...I 0.7 



S. 16^E...i 0.5 



N. 42=" W. 0.5 



Under currents. 



^: 



! i 



S. Doc. 59. 121 

Samuel FhiUips Lee, United States vavij, commander — Continued. 





Baro- 
meter 


Temp., 


air. 


Temp., water 


1 % 

1 


.1 

■a 
g, 


AVinds. 


Clouds. 






1 


Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
sui'face. 




Varia- 
tion. 


5 




1 
t 

a 


, 


Direction per 

compass. 


Class. 

1 


i 


a 

.2 

1 


Weather^ 


_ Wist. 


80.05 
30.19 


62 
67 






72 
72 










NW 


4 Cu S, cu . . 
3 Cu, cu S . . 


7 
8 


NW 

Nd. & Ed. 


b c 




63 


66 












be 


T 23 © 












80.20 
80.23 

80. 2S 


60 
67 

70 






71 
73 










NE., ENE 

ENE 

NE., ENE 


4Cu 

4 Cu, cu S . . 

5 Cu 


6 


^V •••••• 


b c 
















5 Nd Hr.VA 


b c- 




OS 


70 


C 


Nd. & Ed. 


8 27 © 












30.26 
80. IS 

80.15 

30.08 

29.87 

29.78 

29! 68 

29.75 

29.80 
29.83 

29.94 

29.92 

29.94 

29.96 
29.92 


71 

74 

69 

73 
71 
71 

75 

69 

68 

72 

73 

72 

72 
71 






72 
71 

72 

71 

72 

73 

71 

72 

72 
72 

73 
74 
74 

74 

72 










ENE., East 

E. byN 

Eastward 

E by S 


SoiiS, N... 
4 Cu, cu S . . 

4 Cu 

8Ci,cuS... 

2 Cu 

4CuS, N... 
4CuS,N... 
5Cu,N 

5 Cu 

4Cu 

50u 

4Cu 


8 
7 

9 

7 

8 

10 

8 
8 

6 

6 
6 

6 


Nd. & Ed. 

Eastward 

Eastward . 
Wd. 

ESE. 
ENE. 


b c q 


















c» 


71 










q— be 
b c 




























b c 

oq p 

q 

be q pi 

b e 




70 


71 










S. by W 


SW. 
Sd. &Wd. 
Sd. &Wd. 
Nd. &Wd. 

NW 

NW 

NW 

NW. 

Nd. & Ed. 










1 


S. toSSW 

SW., NW 

NNW 














1 




71 


72 




















NNW 














NW 


b c 




69 


72 




■ 






NW., NNE 

N byW 


b c 


9 3S © 
















Wi 

^66 


200 
400 


^: 



800 


N byW 


2 












! 


N., N. by W 

S SW 


2Ci cu 

8Cu 


4 
5 


Northward 
Sd. &Wd. 










b c 


9 20 




















29.88 

29.76 
29.68 

29.67 

29.69 

29.94 

29.92 
30. U5 

80.10 

80.05 

30.05 
29.91 
29.79 
29.76 

29.80 

29.89 

29.92 
29.95 


77 

75 
71 

78 

70 
70 

71 

68 
70 

72 

75 

75 
71 
75 
71 

71 

73 

67 


71 


75 


73 

72 
73 

73 

73 
73 

73 

73 

72 

72 

78 
73 
73 










SSW.,SW 

SW.,SSW 

SW. by W 

SW 


5CuS, ci... 

e'cis.cicu. 

8 Ci cu, N . . 

6 Ci cu, N . . 

4'ci cu, ci S 
Cu, N . . . . 

5 Cu 

3 Cu 


: 


Sd. &Wd. 














b c 
















7Sd. <feWd. 

7,SW 

7?d. &Wd. 
7W 






75 


71 










be— qr 
0— be 












WNW. to WSW.. 
West 
















b eqp 
b c 




70 


70 










WNW., NW. byW. 
W. by N. to NNW. 


1 


Nd. &Wd. 






























9 

si 


Nd,&Wd. 
Nd. & Ed. 


b c 




C9 


72 










Calm . 


. Cu 


b e 




U6 
^59 


200 
400 






550 

.... 


E by N 


b c 








3E.,E. byN 


8C- 

4 Cu S, ci S . 
4 Cu 

7.CuS,N... 

4Ci cu, cu.. 
2CuS,N... 

SN, cu 

5;Ci en, cu 














9 Soutl.ward 

IfSd. &Wd. 

lOiWestward. 

W. 

9 

1 NW. 

9 NW 

1 
9 Northward 
ONd &. Ed. 


0— be 




71) 


75 










=SE., SE 

3. byE. to W.... 

W. byN. WNW.. 

WNW. toN 

V NNE 























72 
72 
73 










0— b c 




71 


70 










d 












p <) 








v'by W., Nxi;., 


b c 



122 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of ihe United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 










Prom vessel. 


From boat. 


Lnder currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

a 


Direction. 


I 


t 


Direction. 


1 
1 


1351. 
Nov 9, noon 


Xori),. 

82 .32 83 3 

82 18 21 " m.... 
32 4 54* a.m.. 

32 18 50 © 

32 12 7 " m.... 

81 53 47 " ra.... 

81 42 

31 32 3 © 

31 58 82* p.m.. 

31 58 35 " a.m.. 

32 7 3 

31 56 26 " m.... 

32 2 14 * a. m. 

32 C 15 © 

32 6 '■ m.... 

32 3 19 * p.m.. 
32 13 22 Om.... 

32 10 16 " m.... 

82 8 43 " ra.... 

82 & 40 " m.... 
81 55 55 " m.... 

81 81 11 " 

81 17 " m.... 

81 17 21 " m.... 
31 4 49 " m.... 

81 7 50 " 

81 17 

81 IS 82 

31 18 50 " m.... 

01 4 47 " 

31 3 40 " m.... 

81 8 48 " m.... 
81 8 43 " m.... 
01 1 

SO 53 50 © 

30&S 50 " m.... 

81 " m.... 
81 1 " m.... 


a. m. 
59 21 44 

p. m. 
59 4 2 " p. m. 


N. se" K.. 


1 












8 p.m.... 
10,4 a.m.... 

nooa 















58 43 3 " a m 
















a. m. 

58 48 44 

p. m. 
58 49 2 " p. m. 


N. 8S=E.. 


0.6 












8p.m.... 












11,4a. m ... 


5S 30 18 " a. m. 
















Sam 


53 11 


















a. m. 

57 51 49 

p.m. 

58 25 82 " p. m. 


S.40OAV.. 


<> 












8 p.m.... 
12,4 a.m.... 














58 18 +. a. m. 

a. m. 
58 CO 15 © 

p.m. 
58 19 35 " p m 




We.st 


9 






.... 






Sp. m.... 
18,4 a.m.... 














58 26 22 " a. m. 

a.m. 
58 40 55 © 

p.m. 


North .... 


0.2 











1p.m.... 

S p. ra 

14,4 a.m.... 










58 22 29 " p. m. 




























58 9 85 " a. m. 














noon 


a. m. 
57 51 40 

p.m. 
50 47 40 " p. m. 


Xone 














6 p.m.... 
15, 4 a. m 
















55 31 40 " a m 


















a. m. 
54 2 50 O 

)). m. 
50 40 


S.27^E... 


0.4 












4 p. m 

CIO p.m. 

8 p. m.... 
16,4 a.m.... 












53 21 55 " p m 
















53 22 12 " p. m. 
53 27 25 ". a. m. 

a.m. 
53 28 27 O 

p.m. 
53 12 


S.24°W.. 


0.6 






1 
1 




4p. m 

8p. m 






1 




52 46 50 p m. 










1 




17,4 a.m.... 


51 57 54 " a. m 










i 






a. m. 
50 58 53 O 

p. m. 
60 C 84 " p. m. 


S.15^W.. 


0.2 










4.20 p.m. 






1 






49 34 57 " p. m. 










I 




18,4 a.m.... 


48 22 57 " a. ni. 














8% a.m.. 


47 53 










1 






a. m. 
47 25 48 © 

p. ra. 
46 54 4S " p. m. 


S. Il'^E... 


0.1 












4 p. m 












8 p. m... 


46 29 45 " p. in. 
















19,4a. ra.... 


45 24 66 " a. m. 










::::::::::::: 





S. Doc. 59. ' 123 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



80.08 
80.15 



80.04 

30.08 

80.11 
80.09 

80.07 

80.05 

29.96 
29.91 

29.91 

29.90 



29.99 
59.99 



29.84 
29.80 



29.79 
29.70 



29.75 
29.76 



Mast- 
head. 



Temp., water. 



Under 
sui'face. 



^62 



U: 



NE.byE. toE... 
E. byN. to NE.. 
ENE 



E. byN. toNNE. 



NE. to N. byE. 
N., N. by E 



Direction per 
compass. 



NNW..to N. by E, 



NNE. toN. 
N., NNE. . . 



N., NNE 

North 

N.,NNW.,W.byN. 



NNW 

W. byN., NNW. 



N. by E. 



N. by 



N., N. byE. 
North 



N., N. by Vf. 



6CuS 

6,Cu, cu S . 



6CuS 

5,Cu, cu S , 
Jcu 



4 Cu 

ecus.... 

r 

5CuS, N. 



7CuS.... 

6CuS, N. 

4 Cu, cu S 



8 Cu 

6Cu, cuS .. 



7CuS, N. 

6CuS, N. 
6 Cu 

6 Cu 



5 Cu, cu S . . 
oCuS, N... 

6 Cu S, ci cu 



byW. 



N.. N. by W.... 
N. to NE. byN. 
NE. byN 



NE. byN. 
NNE 



NNE.. 
NNW. 



N, cu S . . . 

N, cu S . . . 
CuS, N... 



Cu 

6Cu, cuS,N 



Cu, cu S, N 
CuS 



9N(1. &Ed, 
8NE 

NB. 



E. 

Eastward 

Ed. 



7N 

6 Northward 





9Nd. &Wd. 
5Nd. &Ed. 



N 

Northward 



Nd. & Ed 

N. 



Nd. &Wd. 
Northward 



Nd. & 
Northward 



Northward 
Nd. &Wd. 



124 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States survcxjing brig Dolphin, Lieut. 





Latihidc. 


1 

i 
1 

I 

j I-oDgitude. 

i 


Surface current. 










From vessel. 1 From boat. 

1 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 

1 


1 


i 
Direction. 


1 




Direction 


1 
1 


1851. 


.\<yi-tli. 


44 50 




1 










31 2 ITe 

31 3 47 " lu.... 

80 56 17 " m.... 
30 31 53 " m.... 
80 11 

29 5-2 80 e 

20 45 30 " m.... 

29 89 43 " m.... 

29 19 56 " m.... 

29 12 

29 5 14 

23 89 44 " m.... 

28 21 43 =i: a. m. 
28 9 

27 54 12© m.... 

27 53 12 " 

27 S9 42 " m.... 

27 8.> IB " m.... 
27 7 SO " m.... 

26 44 13 " 

26 42 42 " m.... 

26 2S 13 '■■ m.... 

26 5 46 " m.... 

25 85 22 -^ 

25 80 22 " m.... 

25 34 " m. . . . 
25 80 " m.... 

25 29 40 " 

25 25 22 * p. m. 
25 20 42 " a. m. 
25 28 

25 29 89 O 

25 31 67 " m.... 
25 28 " m.... 

25 88 25 " 

25 80 " m.... 

25 22 15 * p. m. 
25 10 0©m.... 


a.m. 
44 21 24 O 

p. m. 
43 46 24 O p. m. 


S.45''W.. 


0.1 


1 








4.20 p.m. 

8 p. m 

20,4 a.m.... 
8 a. m ... 


1 








43 29 24 " p. ra. 




1 










42 47 24 " a. m. 




1 










42 80 




1 










uoon 


a. m. 

42 18 27 © 

p. m. 
42 4 27 " p. m. 


S. 24^ E.. 


0.3 


1 










4p. m 

8 p.m.... 

21 4 a m 












41 55 27 " p. m. 














41 82 21 " a m 




1 










8 a. m 


41 30 ' . 




1 




■» 








a.-m. 

41 27 21 

41 10 21 " p.' m. 


S. 5?.-^ E.. 


0.0 
























22,4 a.m.... 


40 56 2 " a. m. 














SKa.m.. 
10.40 a. m 


40 43 




1 










40 83 12 © a m 




1 












a. ra. 
40 32 1 O 

p. m. 
40 17 1 " p. m. 


South .... 


0.1 












4.12 p. in. 

8 p. m 

23,4 a.m.... 












40 9 1 " p m 




1 










39 22 1 " a. m. 














noon 


a. m. 
38 40 26 © 

p.m. 

a. m. 
38 38 3S 

p. m. 
38 14 88 " p. m. 


N. 42° K.. 


3 












0.85 p.m. 
8 p.m.... 




























24,4 a.m.... 


87 50 16 " a. m. 
87 49 26 " a. m. 
37 43 56 " a. m. 
37 29 40 " a m 




.... 












2p.m.... 
Sp.m.... 


















..... 












25, 4 a. m.... 


37 20 " a m 
















a. m. 
37 28 35 

p. m. 
37 40 30 " p m 


East 


0.5 












8p. m 












26,4 a.m.... 


87 42 86 " a. m. 




::::i:;:::::::: 










8 a. m 


37 50 




..::i.:::.. . 












a. m. 
37 41 41 © 

37 58 53 " p m 


S. 68-' E. . 


0.4 












8p. m 












27,4a.m.... 
noon 


87 50 28 " a. m. 

a. m. 
38 5 23 © 

p. m. 
87 42 4? " p. m. 


S. 50° E.. 


o.s' 

i 













4.40 p.m. 












8 p.m.... 


87 30 43 " p. m. 




I 










2S,4a.m.... 


36 52 " a. m. 















S. Doc. 59. 

Samuel PhUlips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



125 



Vftiia- 
tton. 



Baro- 
meter, 



6 49 © 



Temp., air. ,Temp., water 



16 2-3 O 



29. &4 
29 



29.91 
29.92 



29 
29.96 



30.05 
30.03 
29.98 



15 24 



29. 9i 
29. S9 



29.90 
29.88 



29.91 

29.91 

29. SS 

29.91 

29.90 

29.92 
29.90 



29.84 
29.82 



Mast- Under 

head. siu'face. 



29.81 
29.84 



29.88 
29. T9 



Direction per 
compass. 



NTV' I 5CuS 



N. bvE I 5 

! i 

FW.,N. bjE. oCuS, ci 

N., NNE I 4,Cu ... . 



NNE. to E. by N.: 8 Cu, cuS, X 



■IT, ,E.?^N 2 

...'.... E. 3^ N., TTN-iy. . . \ 8,Cu S, N. 



.!....! 



I.'. .1 



) :1T20 

S ' 



lisoo 



NE. bj- N., calm. . ! 2,N, cu S , 



NW 

N., ENE 

NE., InE. byE. 



2CuS, ci. 
2,Cug., N. 



NW. by W....*. 4 

N^'TV., NW. by W.i 3 Cu, N . . . 

NE I 4 

! I 

.N. bvE 4Cu 

N. toNNW .iCuS, N. 

N. by-^r, NAV....^ s'cu ... 



NW. by W 
NW 

Variable . . 
T\'. by N.. 
VT. byN.. 



4 Cu. cl 



4 Cu, cu S , 
3Cu,cuS, 



toN'W ! 8,Cu, eaS . 

West i 3,Cu,N.... 



4 Cu, cu S, ci 



W.,AV. l.yN SCuS. 

NW 4CuS. 



N^y. byN. toN.. 
N. to NNE 



North ; 3 



N. to NE. by N. 
NE. by N., NE. 



Cu S, cu 
Cu, cu S 



Ca, ci, N. 
N, cuS... 



Nd. &Ed. 
Ed."" 



Sd. &Wd. 
Nd. &Wd. 



Nd. & Wd 
Nd. 



Nd. &Wd. 
Nd. &Wd. 



Sd. &Wd. 
5 Nd. & Wd. 



Nd. A-Wd 
Nd. & Ed 



b c 
b c q 
b c p q 

b c 

b c 
b c 
0— b c q 

b c 

b c— r 

pq 

opq 
b c— p q 

b c 

b c 

b c 

b c— q 1 

b c 

b c— p q 

b c 
be— pql 



b c 
b cq 



b c q 
be q 



bop 
b cqp 



126 S. Doc. 59. 

AhslracL log of the United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut . 



Surface cuirent. 



From vessel. From' boat. 






Under cnrrente. 



1S51. 

Nov. 28, noon . . 

1 p. m. 

S p. m. 

29,4 a.m. 

noon. . 



0.50 p. 

8 p. m. 

30, 4 a. m. 

6.50 a. 

noon . . 

3 p.m. 

8 p. m. 

Dec. 1,4 a.m. 

noon . . 

3 p.m. 

Sp.m. 
2,4a.m. 

noon. . 

Sp.m. 
8,4 a.m. 

noon. . 

3 p.m. 

8 p. m. 
4, 4 a. m. 

noon. . 

4p.m. 

8 p. m. 

5,4a.m, 

8 a. m 

noon. 

1.35 p. 

4p. m 
8 p. m 

6, 4 a. m 
8 a. m 

9.50 a. 

noon. 

Sp.m 

7, 4 a. m 

8 a. m 

10.80 J 



yr.rth. 

25 5 24 © 

25 4 " m... 

24 56 54 d 

24 46 12 m... 
24 2T 16 " 

24 2-3 40 " m... 

23 5T " m... 
23 43 12 " m... 

23 42 12 " m... 

23 41 12 " 

23 41 12 " m... 
23 41 12 " m... 
23 20 5 :<; a. m. 

23 9 43 

23 15 3 " m... 

23 IT 17 " m... 
23 22 " m... 

23 19 59 " 

23 40 .33 " m... 

24 3 37 " m... 

24 8 55 " 

24 S " m... 

23 46 " m... 
23 28 9 " m... 

22 59 39 " 

22 47 

22 85 46© 

21 59 " m... 
21 45 

21 .30 20 © 

21 37 20 " m... 

21 13 

20 53 82© m... 
20 22 6 " m... 
20 12 

20 2 54© m... 

20 1 48 " 

19 81 40© m... 
18 57 20 * a. m. 
18 45 

18 89 26© m... 



a. ra. 
17 53© 

p. m. 
12 53 " p. m. 

42 53 " p. m. 

43 23 " a. m. 

a. m. 

59 10 © 



19 40 " p. m. 
40 47 " a. m. 







a. m. 
39 5© 

p. m. 
39 5 " p. m. 
39 5 " p. m. 
25 19 * a. m. 



S. 68^ E..I 0.2 



24 2 

p. m. 
24 33 " p. m. 



ENE 0.5 



32 14 58 © 



4 52 
24 29 



13 48© 



S. 33= W..| 0.4 



12 



63 " p. m. 
23 3 " a. m. 

a. m. 
48 27© 

p. m. 

32 

16 27 © p. m. 
38 42 " a. m. 
25 

a. m. 
11 42 

p. m. 
9 12 " p. m. 



54 

37 42 p. m. 
2 12 " a. m. 
47 



33 30 © a. m. 
a. m. 

ai 18 © — 

p. m. 
45 6 " p. m. 
4 22 " a. m. 



25 24 10 O a. m. 



S. 4.5= W.. 0.3 



S. Doc. 59. 127 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



16 52 
is"()'0 



18 22 

is"6'o 



29. 7S 
29. T6 
29. T9 
29.79 

29.88 

29.88 

29.92 
29.96 

29.96 

30.00 

29.99 
80.00 
80.01 



29.96 

30.14 

80.14 
30.12 

80.19 

30.12 

30.13 
80.10 

30.10 
3q!65 



30.08 
30.04 



80.00 



80.02 
80.02 
30.01 



Mast- 
head. 



Temp., water. 



Under 
surface. 



WSW. toNNE.,by 
way of "W. & N 



KE. byN. 



KE. by E 

NEbyE,NE.byN, 



Calm. 
Calm. 



Direction pev 
compass. 



NW 

WNW 

NW., WNW. 
N\V. byW.. 



NEbyN,NE.byE. 
'~. by E 



Sd. & Ed., variable 
byE 



. toE. byN. 
E. byS 



E., E. byS. 
., East . 



E. toENE. 
E.byN... 



ENE 

ENE., E by N. 



E.byN. 
E.byN. 



ENE. 
ENE. 



E.byN., ENE. 
ENE 



Cu, ci 



Cu 

Cu,N... 
CiiS,N. 



CuS 

Cu, cu S . 



CuS. 
CI S. 



Cu, cu S . . 

Cu, cu S, N 



Cu, cu S 
CnS 



Cu 
.5 Cu f 



Cu, cu S. 
Cu, cu S. 



Nd. &Wd 
Nd. &Wd 



Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. &Ed, 



Nd. & Ed, 
Eastward 



3Sd. &Ed.. 
5^ Eastward . 

5| Eastward . 

5 Eastward . 
6|Eastward . 

Nd. & Ed. 



6 Eastward 
7iNd. & Ed 



6Nd. & Ed. 
6Nd. & Ed. 



6Nd. & Ed 
6Nd. &Ed 



128 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of ihc United States surve)/i//g Ortg Doij^hi/i, Lie, 





Latitutlc. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 






1 

! 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under ciurcnt*. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 
1 


1 
DU-ection. | 


1 


Direction 


i 
1 


1S51. 


Xdi-f'i. 

IS 89 2 

18 19 14 " m ... 

18 19 55 " m.... 
17 44 53 ;;. a. m. . 

17 53 2S O 

17 38 23 " m.... 

17 36 2S " m.... 

17 86 51 * a.m.. 
IS 

IS 22 .30 O 

18 47 16 " m.... 
IS 10 40 * a.m.. 

13 11 23 m.... 

15 11 5 " 

17 56 

17 42 7 -t: p.m.. 
17 49 16 " a.m.. 

17 34 31 O m.... 

17 27 19 " 

17 10 

16 52 5 * p.m.. 
16 24 9 " a.m.. 

15 57 58 

16 17 

16 37 2 3 m.... 
16 32 8;3 * a.m.. 

16 29 31 

IG 29 31 " m.... 

16 22 41 * p. m. . 
16 IS 12 " a.m.. 

16 34 100m.... 

16 33 13 " 

16 58 22 * p. m.. 
16 44 39 " a. m.. 
16 59 m.... 

16 59 37 " 

16 59 " m.... 

16 36 4S * p.m.. 
15 86 45 '• 

15 24 8© m.... 


V.'.^f. 

a. ni. 

25 26 4 O 

p.m. 


S. 65'= W.. 


0.4 


1 








4p.m.... 

8 p. m.... 

8 4 a m 










25 4 16 " p m. 






1 








24 17 53 * a m 








1 




t noon 


a. m. 
24 14 33 

p. m. 
23 48 " p.m.. 


S. 14°W.. 


0.4 






1 




4.20 p.m. 
Sam 


, 




1 




23 S3 33 " p. m,. 
23 85 50 * a.m.. 






1 




















23 54 










1 . .. 




noon 


a. m. 
24 11 17 O 

p.m. 
24 23 50 " p.m.. 


S. 5.S°W.. 


0.7 


1 








8 p.m.... 
10,4 a.m.... 


1 
1 
























23 48 28© a.m.. 


















a. m. 

23 44 59 

p. m. 


West 














4p. m 

Sp.m.... 














23 10 12 p.m.. 
















23 11 25* * a.m. 


















22 50 27 a.m.. 


















a. m. 
22 43 13 O 

p.m. 
22 23 


8. 75° W.. 


0. 








.:: n 


4p.m.... 

8p. m 

13,4 a. m 














22 3 2 p. m. . 
















21 28 21 " a. m.. 

















uoon 


20 50 82 — 
p. m. 
20 53 . . . 


S. 18» E. . . 


0.4 












4p. m 

8p.m.... 
13,4 a.m.... 

noon 










. 


20 56 8© p.m.. 
















20 49 9 * a.m.. 
















20 56 31 O — ^ 
p.m. 

20 58 1 — ^ 

p. m. 

20 53 48 * p.m.. 


South 


0.4 












0.42 p.m. 


ESE 


0.7 


60 


FSB 


0.8 


8p. m 

14,4 a.m.... 






















8.40 a.m. 


20 47 36© a.m.. 



















20 53 48 © — ^ 

p. m. 

21 28 88 " p. m. 


S. 86^W.. 


0.4 












8p. ra 

15,4 a. ra.... 












21 16 11 * a.m.. 
















7.30 a. m. 


21 IS 0© a. ni.. 
















noon 


a. m. 

21 86 2 © 

p. m. 
a. m. 

21 3S 2 © 

p. ni. 

22 2 58 * p.m.. 


S.80"W.. 


0.4 














j 
















I 










16,4a. m.... 


21 50 43© a. m.. 






1 










21 46 4S " a.m.. 






L.. 














1 


1 









S. Doc. 59. 129 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Conlinued. 





Baro- 
meter. 


Temp., air. 


Temp., water 


■A 

a 

i 
1 


.1 

•3 
1 
















i 


Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 




Clouds. 




Varia- 
tion. 


a 




B 

a. 

1 


J3 
& 


Direction per 

compass. 


& 


Class. 


i 


§ 
- 1 

a 


Weather. 


West. 
18 10 


80.00 

29.25 

29.99 
30.00 

29.99 

29.94 

80.00 
30.00 


7S 

75 

73 
71 

74 

75 

78 
73 


72 


78 


75 

75 

75 
75 

75 

75 

75 
75 


69 


600 




1675 



ENE 

E. byN 


6 
5 
5 


Cu,cu S.. 


4 


Nd. & Ed. 


bo 
be 






E.byN.,ENE.... 
ENE.... 


Cu 


5 

6 
6 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. &Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 


be 












6'Cu 


be 




73 


74 










NE. by E., ENE . . 
ENE 


6 
5 
5 


Cu 


be 


18 22 © 


(58 
J62 


200? 
400.? 


l« 




400 


be 






ENE., NE. by N . . 
NE.,NE.byE.... 


Ci cu 

Cu S, cu . . 


4 
6 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 


bo 
















be q 


13 82 O 














30.06 

30.04 
29.98 

30.03 

30.03 


78 

73 

74 

73 

75 


74 


74 


75 

74 
75 

75 

75 










NE 


6 

6 
6 

5 

5 


Cu 

Cu....... 

Cu, cu S . . 


5 

6 

7 


Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 


be 












NE.byE 

ENE 


be 
























{i 


200 
400 


t 


1612 



E. byN 


be 


© 


73 


74 


E. byN., ENE.... 


Cu 


6 


Nd. & Ed. 


be 




29.98 
29.98 

80.01 

30.02 


74 
71 

73 

75 


■ 




75 
75 

75 

75 










E.toNE.byE.... 
ENE., NE. by E . . 

E. byN 


5 
5 

5 

5 


Cu 

Cu,N 


6 

8 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 














b c q 
be 


18 50 © 






lif 


200 
400 


1" 


1370 



72 


73 




Cu 


4 


Nd. & Ed. 


be 


18 46 












29.99 
29. 9T 

30.02 


73 
71 

75 






74 

74 

75 












5 
4 

5 


Cu 

Cu 

Cu 


6 
5 

6 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. &Ed. 


















E. to ENB 

E.toNE.byE.... 


be 




74 


75 










19 28 © 














30.02 
30.00 

30.04 

80.01 

80.03 
29.95 

30.03 

80.04 

30.00 
80.02 
30.08 

30.02 

30.02 

30.01 
29.97 

29.97 


71 

72 

78 

SO 

71 
72 

76 

77 

73 
71 
75 

77 

78 
71 

71 


■■„ 


74 


74 

75 

75 

75 

74 
78 

75 

75 

73 
74 
73 

74 

74 

73 
75 

74 






.... 




E., E.byN 

E to NE 


5 
5 

4 

5 

5 

6 

5 
5 

1 


Cu 

Cu S, cu . . 

Cu 


6 
5 

5 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. &Ed. 


be 
b c 












NE. bvE ... 


b c 




is 


200 
400 


V' 


941 



NE.byE. ... 


b c 


19 S8 © 






NE., NE.byE.... 

ENE. to NE. byN. 

NE 


Cu, cu S . . 
Cu 


5 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 


















b c 










200 
400 


i91 
h5 


875 







73 


74 


NE 


Cu 

Cu 

Cu 


4 

4 
4 


Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 














NEbyN,NEbyE. 

E.byN., ENE.... 










"64 

567 
^63 


'206 

200 
400 






bom 
be 

bcm 


IS 54 © 








75 


75 


|l7- 


580 



ENE 

ENE 


5 
5 


Cu, ci cu.. 


8 


Nd. & Ed. 








ENE 


r„ 


1 
1 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 






ENE., E.byN.... 
E by N 


icu"-- 




17 64 © 






is 


200 
400 




220 



5 




bo 















10 



130 S. Doc. ild. 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig DoIj)hin, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 










From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currenb. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 

1 


Direction. 


i 
1 




Direction. 


1 

f 


1S51. 
Dee. 10, oou. ... 

4.30 p.m. 

8p.m.... 
lT,4a.m.... 

7.85 a. m. 


^\■rlh. 

15 f. 44 e 

15 9 20 " m.... 

15 11 19 " m ... 
15 4 34 " m.... 

15 8 " m.... 

15 2 57 " 

15 2 5T " m.... 


a. m. 

23 OO 

p.m. 

22 23 43 " p.m.. 


s. sc-- w.. 


0.4 


■vvsw 


0.8 








22 87 5 " p. m. 














22 22 51 " a m. 




.1 










22 56 57 " a. m. 




1 












23 9 51 " a.m..' 


1 










0.80 p.m. 
8 p. m 


23 12 61 " a m ' . . . 


1 












1 














i 


"i 1 









S. Doc. 59. 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



131 





Baro- 
meter. 


Temp., air. iTemp., water 


H 


.5 

3 
g 

! 
1 


Winds. 


Clouds. 








Mast- 1 
head, j 


Under 
surface. 




Varia- 

UOD. 


S 
to 


a 


! 

1 


3 


1 


Direction per 
compass. 


1 
5 


Clas3. 
Cu, ci . . . . 


1 
5 


.b 


Weather. 


18 63 G 


30.00 

29.97 

29.97 
29.94 

30.00 

29. 9S 

29.96 

29 9S 


77 

74 

75 
73 

75 

T8 
80 
75 


74 


75 


75 

75 
75 

73 

73 

74 


r63 

161 
I CI 



50 
100 
200 
400 


17 


1880 


E, byN.,NE 

NE 


Nd. £Ed. 


b cm 











ENE. to NE. by N. 
NE.,NE.byN.... 

XE. by N 

NE. byN., NNE.. 
N. byW 


4 
4 

4 

4 


Cu 


5Nd. & Ed 


be mw 
b cm 








■■■"! 1 " 


3Nd.&Ed. 




is 


d^'-i— 






78 


74 




S 

16'.... 


Cu . 


6Nd. & Ed. 






jg 


50 
100 


5 

5 

1 












N byW NNE 


Cu, cica.. 


8 Nrl Rr'P.A 


















1 











132 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig 



Dolphin, Lieut, ^amvel 
Praija, St. Jogo^ 



■ 


Latitude. 


Longitude. 


.Surface currents. 










From vessel. From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

s. 

z 

o 

c 


Direction. 


i 
1 

'2 


1 


Direction. 


1 

s 

1 


1S51. 


JS'orth. 


West. 




■ 1 
1 






























8pm 





























































8pm 




















20,4a. m....l 


















noou. . . .1 


















8pm ,' 


















21,4 a. m 


















noon 




















8p. m 




























































8p.m.... 






































noon 


















8 p. m . . 




































noou. . . .1 


















8p.m ' .. 


















25,4a.m....! 
















noon 


















8 p. m 


















26,4 a. m 


















noon ' 


















8p.m. ..1 














... 




27,4a. ra....l 


















noon ' 














■ ■ 










.. 










28, 4 a.m.... 


















noon ' 








.. 




























29,4a.m....'....: v.:::.:'. 


















noon 1 


















8p. m ' 


















30,4a.m....' 


















noon ' 


















8 p. m 


















81,4a.m 


















noon 


















8p. m 


. 
















1S52. 


















noon 


















8p.m.... 
















2,4a.m....l 






] 










noon ' 






■ 1 










8p. m 






:::: :::: 































S. Doc. 59. 



133 



Phillips Lee, United States, navy, cominander, at anchor, harhor of Porto 
Cape Verde Islands. 







Temp., air. 


Temp., water. 










CI 












Mast- 


1 Under 


Winds. 


ouds. 






Baro- 




head. 




surface. 


1 


'f. 










Varia- 


1 


















Weather. 


tion. 


meter. 




1 




cj 




r"^ 












3 








A 

?> 


a 


d. 


1 


3 

k 

a 


5 


1 


i 


Birection per 
compasg. 


i 


Class. 


i 

t: 

r, 












o 


(N 


CB 


H 


(-1 


H 


w 














West. 


































30.00 
29.98 
29.92 
29.93 


11 
16 
To 
73 
















\NE., NE 


I'Cu 

i;cu 

5,Cu 

ICu 


6 
6 

5 
4 


Nd. &Ed. 


hem 




as 


76 












NE 


, 














NE. to ENE 

ENE 


be 
be 














.... 






29.9b 


77 


67 


75 


....!.... 






....ENE 


4Cu 


5 




be 




ao.o2 

30.02 
80.00 


75 
71 
75 






75 
75 
75 








NE 


5Cu 

ICu 

2Cu 


6 
5 
2 




b c 












......... 


b c 




69 


78 








....Ine 


be 




29. 9S 
30.01 
30.00 


76 
71 

78 






75! - 






Ienr 


8 Cu 

2,Cu 

2Cu 


6 
5 

5 




b c 








75 
75 






ENE.,NE 

NE., Nd. &Ed.... 


b c 




69i 77 










be 




30. OC 


75 


j 


75! .... 






....XE. 


2 Cu, cu S . . 


7 




b c 




30.00 
80.00 
29.98 
30.00 
80.00 


71 
77 

77 


1 


75 










NE. by E 

North, East 

E. by S., EgE 

SE.byE.,ESE.... 
ENE.,E. bvN.... 


ICu 

2,Cu 

2Cu 

ICu 

3Cu 


5 

4 
4 
4 
5 








"■68|"i7 










b c 




75 
75 
















73.. ..j.... 
79 73 79 










b c 










.... 


be 




29.98 


761....!.... 


751 ... . 






. . . lENE 


8 Cu 


6 




b c 




29. 9T 


781. ...|.... 


75.... 






....ENE 


8 Cu 


5 




be 




30.00 


79i 7l! 75 


76i.... 




... 


....|ene„nne 


3,Cu S, cu . . 


6 




be 




29. 9S 
30.00 
80.04 


70 
78 
79 




75 
75 

75 










NE. byE.,NE.... 
NE. by E., NNE.. 
NNE.,NE 


2 Cu 

3,Cu 

4 Cu 


3 

1 








1 














71 77 










be m 




80.00 
80 02 


77 
78 




75 
75 










4 


















. 






NE .... 






b 




80.02 


79| 7lj 77 


75 










NE. byN 


4 


Ci, ci cu . . 


4'Nd. A Ed. 























80 00 


73' 1 


75 










NRhTjR. NT". hvN 


4 













99 95 


81 


70i 75 


75 








.... NE.."...' ".... 


4 









bm 




29 94 


77 






75 








Ine by N. to ENE. 


4 




n 








29.96 
29.97 
29.94 


73 
77 
78 






75 
75 
75 


,... 




.... 


... ENE., NE 

... NE 


t 






1 

8 




b 




71 


75 


fill 


:: 












....NE 


66u . .... 


b c 




29.90 
29.94 
29 96 


73 






75 
75 
75 










NE.,NE.byE.... 
NE. byE., NE.... 
E.byN.,NE.byN. 
NE.,NE. byE.... 
N. by E. to ENE.. 
NE byE 


2Cu 

4Cu 

5'Cu 


1 
8 
5 


I 






78 
77 


69 


73 










b c 












b c 




29.89 
29.90 
29 88 


71 

77 






75 










lICu 

4 Cu 

8!Cu 


2 
5 

9 


" 






70 


74 


75 




.... 






b c 




75 










b c 




29.94 
29.91 
29 94 


78 






75 
75 
75 










E. byN., ENE.... 
ENE. to NE. by N. 


I'CuS, cu .. 

4 Cu 

4 Ci cu 


4 
4 
/I 


•' 






69 


^ 78 










b c 
















29.95 


71 






75 








.... 'nE. by E 


I'cu 


8 


Nd. & Ed. 


b c 




29.91 


79 


69 


78 


75 








....'NE..NE. byN.... 4'Cu 


4 




b c 




29.9^ 


75.... 




75 








.... NNE.,NE 1 6Cu 


4 


11 


b c 




29 93 


71 






75i 






NEbyEtoNEbyN 4 


Cu 


3 


11 


b c 




29.93 


77 


71 


77 


75|.... 






....INE byE to NE by N 4 


Cu, cicu.. 


4 


" 


b c 




29.91 








1o 










Ji. by N., INi; 


■' 


Cl, ci S . . . 






bcm 



134 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of the United States survcijii)g brig Dolphin, Lieut. S/imnri 

LLinds to Per 





LaUtndc. 


lyongitade. 


Surface current. 






1 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 

1 


Direction. 


i 

I 

1 

a 


t 
Q 


Direction. 


i 

1 


1S52. 
Jan. 8, 4 a. m 


A or.''.. 


MM.. 
















noon 


14 45 55 © 

14 46 40 " m.... 


a. m. 

23 50 24 O 

p. m. 
















8p.m.... 
4,4 a. m 




















I"" 






noon. 




































5,4 a.m.... 




































8p.m.... 
6,4 a.m.... 


14 33 OD. K.... 
13 37 34 m.... 
13 IG 

13 1 .30© m.... 

13 36 " 

12 36 

12 9 31 m.... 
11 19 26 * a. m. 

11 7 15 " m.... 

10 54 

10 86 57© 

10 

9 45 33 * p. m. 
9 5 3" a. m. 
857 

8 43 0©m.... 

5 42 47 " 

7 5S 5G " m.... 
7 25 16 " m.... 

7 17 " m.... 

7 15 25 " 

6 47 25 * p. m. 
6 54 © a. m. 
553 

643 6© 


















23 83 0am 


















23 11 
















11.80 a.m. 


22 57 42 — 
p.m. 
a. m. 

22 57 87 

I), m. 

22 41 
















noon 


S.410W.. 


9 












4.33 p.m. 














8p.m.... 
7,4 a.m.... 

7.30 a.m. 


22 25 15 © p. m. 
22 1 54 " k. m. 

21 56 54 " a m 






:::::::::: 










9 a.m.... 


21 52 
















noon 


a. m. 
21 43 30 

21 35 


West 


0.7 












5"^ p. ra.. 












8 p.m.... 


21 22 21 jc p. m. 
















8,4a.m.... 


















8 a. m 


20 51 

















10 a.m.... 


a. m. 
20 52 

p. m. 

a. m. 
20 52 13 O 

p. m. 
20 33 18 " p. m. 


















S.89^W.. 


0, 












Sp.m.... 














9,4a.m.... 






.... - 










10 a. m 


20 7 ■' a. m. 

a. m. 
20 7 33 

p. m. 
19 59 39 " p. m. 
19 45 45 " a m 


N. 8S» W. 


0.2 


N. by W.. 


n T 








noon 










Sp.ra.... 
10,4 a.m.... 












8a.m.... 


















noon 


a.ra. 

19 36 55 o '« <?1^W 


0.4 














p.m. 















S. Doc. 59. 



135 



Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander, hound from the Cape Verde 
nombuco, Brazil. 





Baro- 
meter. 


Temp., air. 


Temp., water. 


1 
1 


.s 

•a 

i 


Winds. 


Clouds. 






1 


Mast- 
head. 


a 
1 


Under 
surface. 




Varia- 
tion. 


a 


S 

05 


3 


f 
Q 


Direction per 
compass. 


1 


Class. 


c 
Si 


i 

i 

1 

5 


Weather. 


^ West. 


29.99 

29.99 

29.94 
29.9.1 
29.98 
29.99 

80.00 

80. re 

S(».n2 

29.99 


75 

79 

77 
75 
83 
75 
73 
79 
75 
71 






75 

75 

75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
74 










NE.., 

NE.,NW. byW.. 
NW. to NE 




8 
6 


Nd. &Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 


be 
bcm 

be 

b c 
bcm 
b c 
b c 
be 
b c 
be 




72 


78 


is 


200 
-100 


I 



900 


4Cu, cicu.. 

4Ci cu 

8 Cu 

2Ci S 

2Ci S 

2Cu 

4 Cu 

5 Cu 

6Cu 
















ENE. toNNE... . 
Variable.. . 


6 Eastward . 
7Nd. &Ed. 
4Nd. &Ed. 
2Nd. & Ed. 
6 Northward 
2Nd. & Ed. 
6Nd. &Ed. 




72 


78 




















SE..NE., variable. 

NE. toNNE 

NE.,NNE 

NNE., variable... 
ENE 


















73 


75 


































17 84 © 
















29.89 
29.8S 


76 
77 






75 

75 


n 


200 
400 


1" 




680 


NE. by E 

NE.byE 


6 
6 






bcm 
hem 






75 


fill 


6 




17 2 










1 




29.95 
29.95 

29.94 


75 
74 

76 






75 
75 

75 










ENE.,E. byN.... 
E. by N 


6 Cu 

5 Cn 


7 Eastward . 


b'c' 
be 

be 






















tf 


200 
400 


1- 


1160 


1120 




E. by N 


4 








16 61 e 
















29.94 


77 


74 


77 


75 










E. by N 




Cu 







bo 


18 2 O 












1 






29.92 
29.90 


76 
75 






76 

77 










E. by N.,NE 

NE.; 


4 Cu 




b c 
















s 









b m 


17 17 






















29.94 

29.94 

29.91 
29.89 

29.93 

29.96 

29.91 
29.88 


83 

75 
76 

80 
77 






78 

78 

77 
78 

78 

79 

79 
79 


\s 


200 
400 


' 


2270 


NE. by N 

NE.by N 

NE 


8 
8 




1 


b c 

b c 

be 
bcm 




74 


" 


fill 


8Nd. &Ed. 

1 
6Nd. & Ed. 












1" 

4Cu 

3 Ci 8 rn S 
















ENE 






SO 


69 

1" 


200 
400 


]■' 


1940 


ENE 


2 
2 










ENE 


Cu a. ci cu 

























E. toN. byE 

NNE. to ENE 


1 
2 Cu 

T" 


1 

7Sd. &Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 


















b c 


17 89 








::::1:::: 








29.93 




78 


SI 


80 










ENE.,NE 


L 



























136 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract tog of the United States surveijivg bng Dolphin., Licnt . 





Latitud.j. 


Lon-itU(k-. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 




Date. 


Direction. 


i 

If 

i t4 


1 

Direction, fe 

o 

c 


Direction 

* 1 


1 

i 

Ui 


1852. 
January. 

10,8.30 p.m.. 

8p.m 

11 4a m 


5 36 30© m... 

5 32 42 " m... 
4 4S 29 " m... 
4 40 

4 32 40 .... 

4 27 " m... 

4 25 6 " m... 

4 7 82 " m... 
4 5 20 " m... 

4 5 10 " m... 

4 C 26 " m... 

4 816D.R... 

4 14 34 D. R... 

4 14 21D. R... 

4 12 lOD. R... 
3 50 82 * a. m. 

3 45 

3 42 19 " m... 

3 41 17 " m... 
3 61 29 " a. m. 

3 51 " m... 

3 51 11 " 

3 49 

3 45 15© m... 

3 31 88 J a. m. 

3 19 

3 12 33 

3 3 " m... 

3 2 33 " m... 
8 1 40 " m... 

3 1 20 " m... 

3 1 88 " 

3 1 88 " m... 
3 26 " m... 
3 3 " m... 

2 42 80 © 

2 86 " m... 

2 83 83 " m... 

2 20 11 * a. m. 
2 12 


IfT'.sV. 

19 34 40 p. m 

19 34 16 " p. m 
19 29 49 " a. m 
19 27 












1 




17 48 O 


1 












1 








[ 






Sam 














17 45 




a. m 
19 24 24 

p. m 
19 21 15 " p. m. 

19 20 15 " p. m. 

19 13 52 " a. m. 
19 12 4 " a. m. 

19 15 28 " a. m. 

19 15 10 " a. m. 

19 18 SD. R... 


S.WW.. 


0.5 












4p. m 

8p. m 

12,4a,m 
























1 
















1 






s.wv/.. 


0.6 














8.30 p.m.. 

8 p. m 

13,4a.m 


S. If W. . . 


0.6 


60 


SE 


0.6 






































1 p. m 

8p. m 

14,4a.m 


19 20 27 D R 






SW.bj-W. 


0.6 


lis 


South .... 

SSE 




0.6 
1.0 




19 20 13 D R 






19 12 42 * a. m. 

19 7 16 — 

p. m. 

19 6 " p. m. 

19 5 * p. m. 
19 6 12 a. m. 


































4p. m 

8 p. in 

15,4 a. m 

9a.m 






None 




is 


E.byS... 


0.5 

0.7 












.::::::.:: 
















19 6 " a.m. 
a. m. 

19 4 58 I) 

p. m. 
19 8 


N. lO^E.. 


0.2 


E. by N... 


0.8 


is 


East 

East 


0.2 
0.5 


18 18 © 


4.45 p.m.. 
8p. m 












18 41 © 


















16,4 a. m 

SXa.m... 
noon 


18 40 30 ^ a. m. 
18 37 . . . 










.... 






i8'4a'© 


18 35 © a. m. 
18 49 89 " a. m. 


N.eS" E.. 


0.3 












4.45 p.m.. 














8p. m 


18 50 15 " a. m, 


















17,4 a. m 


.8 87 19 a. m. 


















8.30 a.m.. 










0.8 


il^Eiii;^^- 


1.4 

1.2 
1.1 


18 28 © 




18 85 18 — 

p.m. 

18 84 4 " p m 


N.87*E.. 

1 


0.7 




iso, 


East 


2.30 p.m.. 












9 © 


8p.m 

18, 4 a. m 


18 83 40 " p m 


































noon 

4.S0p. m.. 


19 7 21 '— 

p. m. 

9 22 " p. m. 


N. 82'^ W.I 0.2 


W.byS... 


0.8 


....1 






7 Oft © 


8p. m 


9 27 12 " p. ra 




19 4a m 


9 51 1 ♦: 'i m 


















20 7 


1 












6 45 O 


1 




1 


1 


1 








1 



S. Doc. 59. 

Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



137 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water. 


1 
a 

1 
1 


1 

i 
1 


Winds. 








! 

Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Mast-- 
head. 


1 

1 


Under 
sm-face. 


Clauds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


1 : 


a 


t 

1 

1 


f 


Direction per 
compass. 


Class. 


1 


B 

a 

S 
ft 


1 


a 

(2 


1 


09 89 


J5 




SO 

sr 
79 


is 


200 

400 


^: 





NE 


1 


» 




b c 


Ip. m 


21.07 


71 


29.91' 


r9 . . . . 

r7 




2019 


NE., ENE... 
NE. toN.... 


1 Cu 

2Cicu,cuS. 


5 


Sd. &Ed.. 
Sd. &Wd. 


29 89' 


b c m It. 


Sa.m 


21.69 


77 


















'>9 90 f 


2 76 


.: 


79 

SI 

79 
79 

80 
81 
SO 
79 

77 

78 

78 
79 

80 

79 

79 

79 

79 

80 










North 

N. by IV.... 

N. by E., N. 

byW. 
N., NNW . . . 
N., NNE.... 

NNE 

NNE., tTNW. 

Variable.... 

Variable 

Variable.... 

Variable .... 
=SW ' 

3SW.,SW... 1 

[!abn 


2 Cu 


2 


Eastward. 


b c 








29 se'f 


p. 


200 
200 


l» 





^0,. 


2p. m 


20.46 


65 


29.8T6 


13 .... 




2540.? 


21CuS, N... 
lCicu,cuS. 


3 

6 

8 


Northward b r m _ _ 




29 Ssh 


6 




.... 






6" 


Sd. & Wd. 
Sd. & Wd. 


bcl.... 


Sa.m. 


22.93 


92 


29 93 


1 T5 


SO 




29.85 
29 90 


J60 


200 
400 


1" 


be 

b c 


2 p. m. 


22.08 




1 




2125.? 


L Ci cu 

LCuS,N... 
CuS,N... 


8 
10 
10 


Nd. &Wd. 

Nd. 




09 88 7 


7 












ot I.... 


Sa.m. 


16.96 


79 


29.92 7 


5 76 
7 .... 


79 










Southward 
Northward 






is 


200 
400 


1" 


2G70 










29.94 7 





CuS,N... 

Cu.: 

Cu, cicu.. 


10 
5 

6 


Sd. &Wd. 
Sd. & Wd. 

Sd. &Wd. 










29 90 7 


5 












Cc 


Sa.m. 


21.84 


80 


29.93 8 


3 T7 

7 


81 












29 90 8 


Wo 

^58 


200 
400 


S" 


27G0 


be 

b c 


2 p.m. 


20.40 


65 


29.946 
29.90 T 


. . 







:alm 

3alm 

3alm 


Cu, cu S . . 
Cu, cu S . . 


1 


Sd. & Wd. 
Sd. & Wd. 




T.. . 
1 












bcml.. 
b c 


Sa.m. 


21.69 


77 


^946 






22 


2760 





29.948 


7 78 


82 






3alm 


Cu 


6 


Westward. 


b c 


2 p. m. 


20.76 


67 














''9.94 8 







79 
79 










SM. & Wd., 1 

Sd. &Wd.. 
5W.toWSW. S 


Cu 

Cu 


5 
8 


Nd.& Wd. 


b c 








29 89 T 


T .... 












Sd. &Wd. 
Sd. &Wd. 


bcml.. 


S a. m. 


21.54 


80 


















29.92 8 


1 T9 
8 


81 


80 

80 

80 
T9 

80 

80 

SI 
8) 
SO 

SO 

81 

80 
79 










SV. by S., i 

WSW. 
Variable 


Cu N 


6 


Sd. &Wd. 










29 88T 


J69 


200 
400 


}. 





be qr.. 
jc q r 


2 p.m. 


21.26 


fi.8 


29 93T 


T . . . . 




400 


Variable.... 1 
3alm 


N,cu S... 
CuS 


10 
10 


Sd. i Wd. 
Sd. &Wd. 




29 90 T 


7 




















39.«0T 


8 . 




67 


200^ 
400 5 
1000 


4 

Ah. 


2725 


be 


Sa.m. 


22.98 


9-^ 


39.92* 


3 T8 

5.... 
1 ... 


as 





Variable.... 1 


Cu 


8 


Sd. &Wd. 




29.89 8 
29.9S:8 






b c 


2 p.m. 


21.47 


ftS 










[?alm 

3SE 1 


Cu 

CuS...... 

Cu 


: 


Sd. &Wd. 

Sd. & Ed. 

Sd. & Ed. 




29.84 T 
29.92 8 


T .... 

4 T8 
9 .... 


82 










bcl... 
be 


Sa.m. 


20.72 


Ji 


29.65 8 


(66 

|e4 


200 
400 


\-^ 


2780 



3.SE. . ..5 


b c 


2 p. m. 


20. T2 


74' 


39.90 8 


.... 






Cu 

CuS 








29.89 T 


9 .... 










....| 


3. by E ;: 


SSouthward 


bcl... 




















. . ., 
























....j 






'i 


1 











11 



138 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of the United States survey i?ig brig Dolphin , Li-eut . 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under current*-. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

1 


Direction. 


a. 


5 
1 


1 Direction 


1 

c 


1862. 
JaniMi-y. 

19 10 a m 


\oi-1h. 

2 10 10© m... 

2 15 20 " 

1 50 3S " m... 

1 84 7 " m... 
1 S 

89 54 " 

28 54 " ui... 

21 10 " m... 

Smth. 


19 57 28 © a. m. 

a. ui. 

20 11 12 © 

a. m. 
20 13 46 " p. m. 

20 51 80 " a. m. 

21 5 






NW 


0.5 


10 


NW.. . 




0.8 


Weil. 


noon 

8p. m..^.. 


N. 06'^ W.! 0.7 
i .. 

















8 a. m 














18 18 O 
17 11 © 


noon 

2.40 1.. m.. 
8p. m 

!1, 4 a ra 


21 23 88 © '— ^ 
21 45 " p! m! 

21 48 17 :i< p. m. 

22 25 36 © a m 


.^J. 73" W. 


1.7 
















1 
























7. 4o a.m.. 


23 


22 34 


1 












16 10 © 


9 a. IB 


34 80 m... 

84 2 " 

058 

1 14 2© m... 

2 42 " m... 

2 27 80 "in... 
2 27 42 " 

2 44 

2 57 24 ni... 
8. 89 40 " m... 

4 6 IS " m... 

4 6 28 . ... 

427 

4 42 40 m... 

5 19 55 ^ a. m. 

5 42 OOm... 

5 42 16 " 

6 2 

6 17 38© ra... 

53 * a. m. 
C 59 42© in... 

7 3 " 

6 89 


22 40 18 © a. m. 

a. m. 
22 47 61 © 

p. m. 
22 59 0. 














noon 


N. 79'^ W. 


1.8 














Bp.m 

8 p. m 

J2,4a.m 












16 30 © 


28 46 * p. m. 
23 20 15 " a. m. 

28 87 58© a.m. 

23 40 40 © — ^ 
p. m. 
28 56' 0. . 


|. 


























9a. m 


1. 


W. byN.. 


0.0 


40 


S. by W. . . 


0.6 






S. Sl^W.. 1.4 


4.80 p. m.. 












14 18 © 


24 17 " p. m. 


|.... 












S8,4a.u...::. 
















9.80 a.m.. 


24 46 45 " a. m. 


1 














noon 


a. m. 

24 52 12 

p. m. 

25 8 


S. 73'^ W. . 


1.7 














Op. m 












18 60 © 


Sp.m 


25 18 40 * p. m. 
25 80 43 ©a.m. 

25 40 30 " a. m. 

25' 46 24 Q ^ 
p. m. 
25 48 . . . 
















4,4 a. m 


















9.30.a.in.. 






E.byS.?. 


0.2 


80 


East? 


0.6 


11 18 © 




S. 72''W.. .-i 


6 p. ni 
















12 63 e 




25 48 40 T) p. m. 

25 47 12 © a. m, 

25 42 54 " a. m. 

25 48 44 " a. m. 
25 32 ; . 
















5,4a.m 
















12 18 © 


9.80 a.m.. 






E. byS.f.. 


0.8 










S. 87" W.. 


0.4 














14 18 © 




6 21 9 * p. m. 

5 48 42 " a. m. 
5 33 

5 10 20© 

4 52 n 

4 42 45© m... 
4 19 21 * a. m. 


















fi,4a. ra 


25 5 49 a. m. 
24 54 . . . . 


















T^a. m... 
















14 9 © 




24 40 52 © - — '- 
p. m. 
24 23 . . . . 


N. 88° W.| 0.7 












4)<j p. ra . . . 












14 61 e 




24 13 8 p. m. 
24 ^ 25 " a. m. 














7,4a. m 














J4 21 © 



S. Doc. 59. 139 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



39.W 
29.89 



29.82 
39.84 
39.91 



Under 
surface. 



}■ 



Direction per 
compass. 



SE. by E. 



byE., SE, 

byE. 
SE. bvE. tc 

SE.byS. 
SE. by S.... 



lbyS.,SSE 
:. by S... 
E., SE by 

SE. byS... 



Cu 

Cu 

CuS, N. 



Cu S, ci. 



b c p q 



2p. m, 
9 a.m. 



4 p. 



Force of vapor, 
and relatiye 
humidity. 



21.03 
21 '.03 



21.34 



.9581 
.94'88 



29.90 
29.92 



29.93 
39.95 



SE., SE.byS. 
SE. by S., SE. 



Sd. & Ed 

Sd. & Ed, 



4 p. m. 



SE. 



39.94 
29.90 



29.9580 
29.92 



SE. by 
SE 

SE 



29.90 
29.90 



29.9481 
29.95 



SSE.SEbyS 



SE.byS.. 
byS. 



Sd. & Ed. 
Sd. &Ed. 



39.91 
39.90 
e9.96 
39.9T 
'39".9i 
29.90 



ss'.ooirs 



SE.,SE.byE 
ESE.,E. byS 

ESE 

byE.... 



Ci, cuS.. 

CuS 



Sd. & Ed. 
Sd. &Ed, 



a.m.! 30.02 



ESE,SEbyl 
.byE... 



Cu, ci cu. 
CuS 



Sd. & Ed. 
& Ed. 



4p. m. 20.03 



140 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of the United States surveyhig brig Dolphin^ lAeut . 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








1 

Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


Fi-om boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

I 
1 


Direction. 


i 


5 


Direction. 


1 

1 


1852. 

Januari/. 

27,9.30 a.m.. 


South. 
4 11 34© m... 
4 12 22 " 

421 

4 85 18 m... 

5 10 84 * a. m. 
4 55 

487 9© 

4 19 

4 8 510m... 
3 43 58 * a. m. 

3 33 28 m... 

3 32 39 " 

3 23 

3 17 17 J p. m. 

3 2 22 * a. m. 
2 56 

2 52 12 

2 47 " m... 

2 44 5 " m... 
2 28 27 " m... 

2 26 8 •' m... 

2 23 53 " 

2 18 4 " m... 

2 C58 " m... 

1 59 46 " 

1 40 59 " m. . . 
1 21 210. R... 

1 9 30 D. II... 

1 7 8D. R... 

1 2 

55 55D.B... 

±\orth. 

23 A a m 


WtsL 

24 41 a. m 
a. m 

24 4 58 © 

p. m 

24 7 
















^Wat. 


N. 43« W . 


1.0 








i__. 




4% p.m... 

8p. m 

28,4a.m 

7% a.m... 

uoon 












14 29 © 


24 3 9 O p. m 
24 19 21 " a. m. 
24 2 














































14 13 © 


a. m 
23 49 15 © 

p.m. 
23 33 


S. 87'^ W. 


1.0 












4>;p. m... 

Sp.m 

2£>, 4 a m . 












16 82 © 


23 21 * p. m. 
23 3 21 O a. m. 

22 38 27 " a. m. 

a. m. 
22 40 49 O 

p. m. 
22 24 
















0.30 a.m.. 
Boon 


N. 63'-> W. 


1.0 












16 34 © 














16 3« e 


Sp.m....; 
30,4 a.m. . 


22 6 83 * p. m. 

21 44 5 © a. m. 
21 22 














1 


















'7Xa.m... 
















16 4 O 


a.m. 
21 25 O 

p.m. 
20 54 " p. m 


N. 68^ W. 


0.8 












3.80 p.m.. 












17 28 © 




















31,4a.m....: 


20 49 21 a. m. 


















7 a. m 

noon 


20 47 86 " a. m. 

a. m. 
20 46 26 

p. m. 
20 37 52 " p. m. 


N. 57-^ W. 


0.7 


WNW.... 


0.3 


40 
" 80 


WNW.... 
W. byN.. 


0.7 
0.7 




Sp.m 












17 18 © 


F\ibruary. 
1,4 a. m 


20 39 " a. m. 


















a. m. 
20 31 51 

p. m. 
20 16 * p m 


N. 50" W. 


0.6 














Sp.m 














2,4 a ra 


















9.30 a.m.. 


19 28 42 " a. m 














17 3« © 


noon 


19 28 8 " a. m. 
19 18 .... 


N. 41° W. 


8 










6p. m 












18 22 


Sp.m 


19 10 18 a m 










1 




3, 4 a. m 


IS M ')Q iTl -1 m 


















noon 


18 5e 


a. m. 
IS 40 3fi m 


N. 41"^ W. 


0.8 












7 !> 


0.30 p. m.. 


1 P-m- 

1 a m 
18 5 " m...ilS 40 36 tr, 1 — 1 












Sp.m 


19 10 " m... 
86 35 " m...l 
36 

22 49 O 


p. m. 
18 42 21 '• p. m. 












1 






4,4 a. m 


18 3S 9 " a. m.i 
















7><^a.m... 


18 32 1 














S62 G 


nc/on 


a. m.| 
18 43 36 IN. 5S' W. 


1.2 














'p.ra.r " "1 















S. Doc. 59. 141 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States tmvy, commander — Continued. 





remp., air 


Temp., water 


j 

li 


1 

i 


■Winds. 






Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 


Clouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


5 eo 




g 
1 
1 

a 


, 


1 


1 

Direction per 
compass. 


Class. 

i 
I 


i 

c 

i 1 


1 


1 
1 


1 

c 
K 


29 91 S 


O 




79 
79 


{•' 


1 

200 
400 


}•■ 


3200 


SE bv B «§ 


4 




be 

b c 


9 a.m. 


22.00 


81 


'>9 90 5 


7 73 


81 





SE.byE.... 


4 Cu 


6Sd. &Ed. 
















4 p.m. 


20.97 


77 


29 87 S 


1 




79 

78 










ESE.SEbyE. 
ESE 


4Ci, cuS... 
4 Cu 


7Sd. &Ed. 
4Sd. &Ed. 


b c 




29.92 8 


0.... 


.... 






















9 a.m. 


20.97 


77 


29.88 8 


S 78 


81 


79 










SE.byE.... 


5Cu 


4Sd. &Ed. 


















4 p.m. 


21.34 


7'' 


29.85 8 


2 . . . . 




79 

7S 

78 
79 










SE 


4Cu 

4 CuS 

4 


6Sd. &Ed. 
5Sd. &Ed. 


h p 




29.84 8 















SE. by S.... 
SSE 

SEbyS,SSE. 


b r m 








29.88 8 


3.... 




{« 


200 
400 


}" 


8575 



b c m... 


9 a.m. 


20.97 


77 


29. SO 9 


79 


81 


4Cu, cu S.. 


5Sd. &Ed. 

1 
















4 p.m. 



21.69 


r.- 


29.86 8 


9, 




« 










SEbyS,SSE. 
SSE 


4 CuS 

4Cicu,cuS. 


6Sd. &Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 






29.88 8 















b c 
























9 a.m. 


20.72 


74 


29.89 8 


8 78 

9 ... 


81 


.0 

so 

7S 
79 

:: 

79 

79 

80, 

79 
79 

T0| 

79| 










SE 


4 CuS 


6Sd. & Ed. 


b c 




29.848 


{'t 


200 
400 


}" 





be m.. . 


4 p.m. 


20.41 


70 


29.90 8 


2 




2650 


SE.,.SEbyS. 
SSE 

SSE 

SSE, S by W. 
SSE 

Calm 

SE 


3 Cu 

3 CuS 

3 


6Sd. &Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 




29.86 8 


(^1 












b c 










,| 




[64 
|64 


200 
400 


V 


3450 



bcm.. . 
b c 


9 a.m. 


23.32 


89 


29.90 8 


21.... 


81 


3 CuS 

2Cu, ciS... 

N, cu S . . . 
lCuS,N... 

3Cu 

i Cu, cu S, N 


7Sd. &Ed. 
5Sd. & Ed. 

6 Eastward. 

6Sd. &Ed. 

7Sd. &Ed. 
7Sd. &Ed. 




29.88 8 










bcm... 


4 p.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.80 7 












29.89 8 


3 79 


82 










b c p. .. 
b c 


9 a. m. 
4 p.m. 


23.01 
22.89 


84 


29.83 8 










SE., SSE ... . 
SE. to SSE . . 

SSE 

SSE 




29.78 8 


3 .... 














29.88 8 






{i 


200 


y 





b c 


9 a. m. 


20.97 




29.89 8 


r 79 


81 


1960 


3 CuS 


SSd. &Ed. 
















4 p.m. 


23.01 


84 


29.848 


I .... 
) .... 




771 
i 










SE 


3CuS, N... 

tCuS 

ICu, ciS... 


8Sd. &Ed. 

SSd. &Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 


b c m— 
opq 




29.638 










SE 

SE 








29.90 8 


5 7S 

1 


1 










3 cm... 


9 a. m. 


20.97 


^. 


29.88 8 


79 
79! 


(69 


200' 
400: 
400j 


17^ 





SE 




29.90 8 


I .... 




2000 


SE., South... 
S.byE 




ICicu 

ICu&ci... 


6Sd. &Ed. 
SSd. k Ed. 


DC m... 


4 p.m. 


21.34 


74 


29.85:8 
























1 


1 




9 a.m. 


21 69 


7T 


29.898 


3 79 

! 




1 

...1 
1 


1 
"■■| 


■""i 


?SE ' 


2 CuS 


7Sd. &Ed. 






i 











142 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States stirveying brig Dolphin, LieiU . 





I-aUtudc. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


o 


Direction. 


i 
I 

2 
S 
US 


1 


Direction. 


i 


1851. 

February. 

4,2.45 p.m.. 


Aorih. 

15 55 m... 
1.3 13 " m... 
29 88 " m... 
45 56 « 

45 1 " m... 

52 8 " m... 

55 25 " m... 

59 43 " 

1 6 

1 9 430m... 

1 84 42 * a. m. 

1 46 ...... . 

1 53 9 O 

2 8 30 " ra... 

2 8 42 " m. . . 
2 11 23 " m... 

2 T 4 » 

2 8 45 " m... 

2 T 40 " m... 

2 14 46 " m... 

2 ir »4 " tn... 

2 IT 58 " 

2 16 16 " m... 

2 16 29 "m... 

2 7 85 " 

16910"m... 

1 53 43 " m... 

1 56 48 " m... 

1 48 19 " 

1 41 5 " m... 

1 27 40(1 a.m. 

1 14 

55 8 O 

84 

15 4 0m... 


West 
d 1 » 

la 51 O p. m. 
18 47 42 " p. m. 


f- 




NW 


1.2 








ma. 

17 81 O 


5, 4 a. m 


18 45 31 " a. ra. 
18 32 22 " a. m. 

18 23 40 " a. m. 

18 27 80 " a. m. 

18 17 25 '■ a. m. 

18 8 55 O **— 

17 45 . . .''.■."'.■ 


















noon 


N. 67° W. 


1.8 














3.20 p.m.. 
8p. m 


NW.byW. 


1.0 










6, 4 a. m 
















18 28 


noon 


N. 670 W. 


1.8 












4% p.m... 












18 81 © 


spm 

7,4a.m 


17 32 58 * p. m. 
17 4 59 (I a. m. 
































7)4 A. m... 


16 45 
















17 49 




a. m. 

16 35 84 Gj 

p.m. 

10 24 S3 " p. m. 


N. 890 W. 


0.9 












4p.m 












13 88 


8p.m 


16 19 7 * p. m. 






. 










3,4 a. m 


16 13 24 d a. m. 
















19 11 


noon 


a. m. 

16 18 19 

p.m. 

16 12 7 " p m 


K.7=E... 


0.8 












4.20 p.m.. 














8p. m 


16 5 81 " p m 


















9,4 a. m 


15 45 Od a. m. 

15 45 © a. m. 

a.m. 
15 43 57 o 

p. m. 
15 41 46 " p. m. 


















Id a. m . . . 
















18 M 


noon 

8p.m 


NE 


0.6 












10, 4 a. m 


15 82 42 I a. m 
















18 6T 


noon 


15 17 17 - — '. 
14 45 27 + p.' m. 


N. 85" E... 


0.5 












8p.m 














11,4 a. m 


14 50 15 d a. m. 


















6.80 a.m.. 


14 53 12 a. m. 
















18 16 


noon 


15 40 — 

p. m. 

15 23 24 " p. m. 

15 65 7 d a. m 


N. 8°E.... 


0.6 












8p. m 














12,4 a. m 


















T3ia. m... 


16 4 
















17S5 O 


noon 


a. m. 
16 21 66 

p. m. 
16 38 


N. 26= W. 


0.7 












45ip.m... 












17 48 9 


8p.m 


16 41 30 * p. m. 

















S. Doc. 59. 143 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



Temp., water 



29.88 80 ..!, 
29.8u'80 ....[ 
29.8686 79: 



Under 
sm'face. 



Direction per 



SE 



SE 

SE., SE. by S 
SE. byS.,SE, 

byE. 
SE 



SE. by E. to 

SSE. 
ISE. by E. 

I ssw. 

Calm, SSE. 



CuS, N.. 
Cu S, ci S 
Cu S, cicu, 



2 CuS.. 
2 Cu S, ] 
-3 N, cu I 



Sd. k Ed.bc— O] 

10 Sd. & Ed. 

9Sd. & Ed.'b c... 



Force of vapor, 
and relative 
humidity. 



9 

4 p.m. 



7Sd. k Ed.b c. 
SSd. & Ed.jbcmpq 
9Sd. & Ed.!bcqrlt9 



21. 

22.00 



, S. by E., SE 
byE. 



4 Cu, cu S , 
4CuS 



4Sd. & Ed..b 0. 
6 Southward b c. 



4 p. 



29.88 
29.85 
29. 

29.82 

29.90 
29.85 
29.92 



29. 8T 
29.84 
29.87 
29.90 
29.82 



4Cu, 
2 



5Sd. & Ed.bc 



SE. by S., SE. 

SE. by E 

SE. to ESE.. 



2Cu. 

ICu. 



4 p. 



-SSW . 



ICu 
1 



50 
llO 18^' 
200 



400 I 



/S. to SSE 

S. ly E 

-Calm 

Calm 

Calm 

Calm 

jWSW., SSW. 

p-byW 

. by W. 



4Sd. & Ed.ibcm. 

5Sd. & Ed. bcm. 
I 
Sd. &Wd.lbcm. 

I 



21.69 
2.L.77 



6Sd. 

I 
5Sd. 



Cu 

Cu 

Cu 

'Cu, ci , 

I 
3Cu 

I 
3,Cu 



:bcm. 

b c m. 



5Sd. & Ed.jbcm. 
5Sd. & Ed.ibcm. 
2 Eastward .bcm. 
6Sd. & Wd.'bcm. 
5 Southward :b c w i 
5 Southward bcm! 



4 p. m. 



SSW 

S by W, SSW 



SSW, S by W 



S. by W to S. 
byE. 



2Cu.. 

I 
8Cu.. 



1 r"°- 

7Sd. & Ed. 'bcm. 
7Sd. &Wd.ibcm., 
4 Southward b c m 1 



4Sd. & Ed. be w V 



7;Sd. & Ed.lbc 



144 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States stirccyivg brig Dolphin, Lieut 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








Taria- 
Uon. 


» 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 




Date. 


Direction. 




Direction.' S 

If 


1 


Direction. 


i 

2 




1851. 

Fdrnw-y. 


S'liitli. 

ic ;«(I 

'20 

25 88 Q 

81 52 " m... 

33 22 " m... 

45 47 (I a. m. 

48 85 " a. m. 

83 82 

22 19 " m... 

37 46 " a. m. 

07 46 " ni... 

33 

23 m... 

25 46 " m... 
80 12 * a. m. 
028 

26 83 

22 50 " m... 

24 7 " m... 

IS 5S * a. m. 
25 

25 7 

|0 42 " m... 
50 20 " m... 

62 30 * a. m. 

56 

1 2 18 0m... 

1 1 28 " 

57 " m... 

67 11 " m... 

1 14 80 * a. m. 
1 30 


m-fi. 

16 59 6 a. m. 

17 8 






i.... 








^ Wat. 




7Xa.Di... 














18 14 




a. m. 
17 80 5 

p.m. 
17 45 23 " p. m. 

17 40 45 * p. ra. 

18 85 57 a. m. 

18 45 15 " a. m. 

a.m. 

19 1 43 

19 6 51 " p! m. 

IS 56 47 " a m 


N. 72=> W. 


1.0 












8 p. m 


SW 0.8 


{^ 


|,^>'^^- 


0.6 
0.6 


19 




8p. m 

U,4a.ra 

6 30 a in 














i 


















1 








16 66 © 
jt. 




noon 


S. 49"W.. 


0.5 




1 










Sp.m 

15,4 a. m 






















1 












noon 


IS 59 15 " a. m. 
19 


S. 23° W.. 


0.5 
















4Xp.m... 
6 p. m 












18 8 O 




19 9 80 * p m 


















Sp.m 


19 12 57 * p. m. 




















16,4 a. m 






















7>^a. m 


20 25 
















if io 






a. m. 

20 50 51 

p.m. 

21 6 83 " p. m. 

21 18 27 * p. m. 

22 5 55 d a. m. 
22 22 . . .. 


S.76°W.. 


0.6 














$ p. tn 


VVNW 


1.1 


{L^ 


WNW 

E. by S.... 


1.1 
1.2 


16 » 




8p.m 

17,4 a. m 


























TXa. m... 
















IT 9 3 




nooa. . 


a. m. 
22 26 42 

22 47 * p. m. 
22 51 54 ♦ p. ra. 

22 69 53 I a. m. 
28 8 t» 


N. 75«W. 


1.8 














6p. m 












17 8 




8 p. HI 


















18, 4 a. m 




















T>^ a. m. . . 
















16 




9.45 a.m.. 


28 17 45 O a, m. 

a. ra. 
23 17 69 

23 19 84 " p! m. 

23 27 6 " p. m. 

24 9 11 " a.m. 
24 21 


















noon 


N. 57* W. 


0.9 
















2p. m 


None 




{IS 


None 

8E. by K... 


1.4 


IT 




Sp.m 








l»,4a. m 




















TX »•">•• • 














' 1 


14 87 





S. Doc. 59. 

P/dllips Lee, United States ■navy, cnmmander — Continued. 



145 





remp., air 


Temp., water 


1 
1 


i 
1 
t 

1 


Winds. 






Wealhei 


Force of vapor, 
ai:d relative 




Mast- 
head. 


i 


Under 
surliice. 


CIoucLs. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


a 

o 


a 


i 
s 


1 


Direction per 
compass. 


Class. 


Portion. 
Direction from. 


3 


1 
o 


a 


29 79 8 


?, 




s 




""sn 

2(,0 
400 


!" 


2840 



£E. ...'.. 


£ Cu 

I Cu 


8Sd. & Ed. 

i- 

6Sd. & Ed 
1 










1- 

29 85 8 


r 79 


.... 
83 


1 


SE 




9a.m 


20.97 


77 


1 
£9.79 8 

29 SO 8 


£E 


b c 


4p. m 


22.i:9 


77 


>, 




8 


l^cs 


.. 


£CuS, N... 
r Cu, N . . . . 

SCu 

£CuS,N... 

1 y, cu s . . * 

2N 


1 
8Sd. &Ed. 

7 Sd . & Ed . 

6£d. &Ed. 
£d. & Ed. 

iWestwaid 
9 Eastward . 

9 Eastward . 


1 
29 TST 


> 




1 








EE., £E. by S. 

8£E., S. by E. 

SW. bv S., 

WNW. 
Variable 

N to NE by N 








1 

: 29.79 8 

1 

29 85 8 






JU: 


50 
100 


(;; 





bcm... 9a. m 


22.31 84 


r 79 


83 


:r 


1000 


1 
29.84 7 




1 




-■- 


qa 


1 
29 8.3 7 


r 




i 


• 






m 1 1 r 


■ 




29.86 85 


75 




!{i 


50 

100 


I. 

s 


....... 




9 a. m 


21.88 


9G 


29 8' 8( 






To'J?9 


200 
400 





15C0 


South 

South 


8Ci cu 

- Cu 


Eastward . 

4 Southward 

5 Southward 


b c 








1 
29 S5 81 






■ 71 


|r-^ 


b c. 








29 79 8l 


79 


.... 










South 










1- 

29.81 8C 


j.... 








S.,S£E 


8Cu 


b c 


9 a.m. 


22.00 


81 


29.77 Se 


( 
83.; 

79 


triul 
78 
77 
77 
71 
73 
2d 

trial 
78 

. 68 
67 
70 


s 

10 

2li0 
400 


1 
• 11 

J 



1960 






bcm... 


4 p.m. 


22.89 




29.78 82 






SE., South.... 
South 


3Cu 


6Sd. &Ed. 
5Sd. &Ed. 




29.80 80 






1 








2CuS,N... 




























9 a.m. 


22.31 


84 


29.83 84 


78 


81 


78 
79 










South 


2 Cu 


6Sd. &Ed. 

6ScV.'&Ed; 
4 Southward 

4 Southward 


bcm 




L 

29.85 82 


i 


""■| 






SSE 


i Cu" ..! 


4 p.m. 

bcm 1 


22.00 


81 


29.80 81 






78 


1 


1 1 



15C0 


S. byE 

SSE 

S. by E. to £E 
PE 


ICuS, N... 
3 








|.. 

2D 89 .. 






1 1 

1 77, lo; 1 

1 70' .50 

78 J 07 100 !■... 

1 1 (55 200 1 

1 164 400, J 


5 m. .. 9 a.m. 


22. CO 


81 


1 

29.89 93 


79 






1 
29.84 02 


81 


i 


1 


1 




) c ra. .. 4 p.m. 


..,»j 


74 


1 






i 


IliOOl 




S.::::::: 


nSonlhward 
SSouU.waid 




29.S2SJ ... 


TO 1 


■ ■ '1 ■■ ' ' u'"'^' ; ■'[,'"" 1 


, ' " ( 






..:'!.::::;:v.::.:!::;-.:i::::,;.;::.::::::i.. 


; 


a. ui. 


•s.'.'y,. 


17 



146 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut. 





LaUtitde. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction, o 

a 


Direction. 


1 

i 

a 


t 


• 
Direction. 


1 
E 


1S52. 
February. 


Snofll. 

1 42 10 

1 50 30 " m... 

1 4S 36 " m... 

2 9 15 * a. m. 
2 20 

2 37 22 

2 4C " m... 

2 51 30 " m... 

3 6 * a. m. 
8 12 

315 60m... 

8 U 27 " 

3 22 

3 43 IS * p. m. 
3 32 56 * a. m. 
3 40 


a. m. 

24 3S 41 

p. ra. 

24 52 6 " p. m. 

24 52 57 " p. m. 

25 53 25 " a. m. 

26 15 


N. 76^ W. 


o:o 






1 

. 1 




Wtst. 


4p. m 

8p. m 

20 4a m 


\\ie.st 


1.3 


/lO West 

1 80,West 

^ 1 
.. .1 

1 


1.6 
1.8 


14 14 © 







'Tj^a.m... 










L 




14 17 © 


26 47 49 -^^ 

p. m. 

27 19 " p. m. 

27 34 15 * p. m. 

28 37 25 * a m 


N. 83° W 


1 Q 






1 




4.80 p.m.. 

8p.m 

21,4 a m 


1 

I": 






mil' 




18 88 © 














T>^a. m... 
10 a m 


23 55 f 1 . ' 






m:: '.'.'.:'. 




12 50 © 


29 3 84 © a. m. 

a. m. 
29 9 16 © 

p. m. 

29 25 




. 


West 


1.2 


l2o^,«!»-L-- 


1.2 
1.2 




N. 81° W. 


1.5 


r 




4p. m 

Sp.m 

22 4 a m 


1 








12 68 


29 44 1 * p. m. 

30 36 20 * a. m. 
SO 58 






I'"" 











1 










7^ a.m... 


1 


1 








12 13 © 


3 45 IS O 

3 47 54 ra... 

3 49 42 " p. m. 
3 32 14 " m. . . 

3 35 44 " 

8 47 86 " m... 


a.m. 

31 28 3 © 

p.m. 

Bl 45 24 Cr * * 
p.m. 

31 44 20 * p. m. 
31 43 12 © a. m. 

a.m. 
SI 45 5 © 

p.m. 
82 7 8 " p. m. 


N. 77° W.I 1.6 


[ 








2.30 p.m.. 

8p.m 

23, 4 a. m 


j 
NW.byW.! 1.2 


fio 

^80 


NW. bv W. 
NNW '. . . . 


1.8 
0.9 


12 17 © 


N. 79° W. 1.2 


1.... 

1 


i 




8p. m 

24,4 a m . 


! 


1 








1 


1 
















1 






















25,4 a. m 






■■ i 


1 


. ;i ... ■■"■ 














t 


, 














I 


1 






26, 4 a. m 






■ ■ '1 


, 


1 














1 


1 






8 p. m 






I 




1 






2T,4a. m 










....i 






noon 












. .1 






Sp.m 


8 58 56D. R... 

4 15 80 " ... 

4 30 25 " ... 
4 35 22 " ... 

4 42 40D. R... 

5 24 9 0m... 
5 32 1 " m... 

5 54 40 " 

6 23 


32 83 82 * p. m. 
32 45 21D. R... 




:::::::::: 




....1 






28,4 a. m 








....1 








82 36 50 " ... 


... 

S.72°W..! 0.7 






1 • 






3.30 p. m.. 
8p.m 


W.byN..! 1.2 


5 low. by N.. 


1.2 

1.0 




32 46 6D. U... 




jso 


W.by N.. 


29, 4 a. m 


32 41 57 © a. m. 

32 43 52 " a. m. 
n. ra. 

32 55 89 © 

p. m. 

33 8 . . . 





1 








5.80 a.m.. 




SouUj 0.2 








noon 


S. 72°W.. 0.7 








4%p.tn... 








9 2 


8p. m 


648 B60m... 


83 15 ♦ p. m. 











8. Doc. 59. 147 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water. 


1 
1 

E. 

1 


s 

1 

g 

i 












Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




1 


Mast- 
head. 


1 
1 


Under 
surface. 


Winds. 


Clouds. 


liumidity. 


iBaro- 

meter. 


a 


a 


i 
1 


1 


Dii-ection pei 
compass. 


1 


Class. 


1 


Direction from. 


a 


I 

1 




29.88 


86 

S6 

82 
80 


79 


81 


79 
79 

79 

T9 










S. by E., SSE. 
SSE 


3 


Cu ci S . 


6 


Southward 


b c m. . . 








29 83 


f79 
71 

■ 67 
67 

167 


10 
50 
100 
200 
400 


i 





3 

8 

s 




be m... 


4 p.m. 


20.72 


T4 


29.90 






1100 


SSE., SE by g 
SSE.... 










29 82 














Pii on S 


4Sd. & Ed. 






























9 a.m. 


20.72 


74 


29 86 


S5 


79 


81 


80 

80 

79 
79 










SSE 


3 Til 


4Sd. &Ed. 


bcm 




29.82 


{" 


50 
100 


} 




S.byE 

S. byE 

S. byE 


3 






4 p.m. 


20.97 


77 


29.86 82 






s 




On . 


SSd. &Ed. 
4 Smitbwavd 






29.80 


79 














3 On 








































29.91 








79 


(68 


80 
200 
400 


18 





S-byE 

S. byE 


3 
8 








be 

b c 


9 a.m. 


20.72 


74 


29.92 90 


79 


81 


1100 


Cu 


4 


Sniltbwflvrl 


















4 p.m. 


20.72 


74 


29.90 82 






80 
79 










SSE 

SSE 





nil 


5Sd. &Ed. 
2 Sd . A; Erl 


bcm 




29.83'80 














8 S. cu .S 


































9 a.m. 


20.72 


74- 


29.92 86 


79 


81 


80 

79 
79 

79 

79 

79 
SO 










Soutli 

SE. by E.... 

SE. byE, SSE 
SSE.,var... 

Variable.... 

SSE, SE by S. 
SE., ESE.... 
ESE 




Cu S, ci cu 


7 


Sd. & Ed. 


..„ 




29 87 85 


\2 

166 
[60 


10 
80 
200 
400 


il5 





bcm... 

be wv. 
b c m— 

qr 1 1. 

b"c m... 


4 p.m. 


20.72 


74 








700 










29.86 78 














2CuS,N... 

IN 

2Cu 

2CuS 

2Cu,cuS .. 

8;cu 

3,Cu, cuS .. 

8Cu 

8'Cu 

ICu 

T 

3N 

3;Cu, cu S . . 

8 Cu 

I'CuS.N... 

:i: 


6Sd. &Ed. 

lOSd. & Ed. 

7Sd. &Wd. 
6Sd. &Ed. 
7Sd. &Ed. 
4:Sd. & Ed. 
4Sd. &Ed. 
SSd. & Ed. 
SSd. &Ed. 
3Sd. & Ed. 

4Sd. &Ed. 

9Sd. & Ed. 
3Sd. &Ed. 
7Sd. & Ed. 
6Sd. &Ed. 
9Sd. &Ed. 
[Westward. 

10 

Eastward . 










77 


81 










9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


22.27 
20.97 


92 


29.87 82 










77 


29.8480 
















29.90,86 


79 


82 










b c 

be 

bcm... 

b c 

b c 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 

9a.m". 
4 p.m. 


20.97 
22. C9 

"i9!77 
22. C9 


77 


29.80'86 










74 


29.85 80 






79 
81 
81 
79 

81 

79 
79 
80 
80 
79 

79 

79 

79 

79 

79 

80 










SE 




29.89 87 


79 


82 


SE 


70 


29.9:V82 


SE., ENE.... 
E.byN.toE. 

byS. 
NE. by E. to 

SE. 
ESE, SE by E 

SE 

SE.E.byS... 
ESE. to SSE. 
E E by S 


74 


29.86 80 












29.90 89 


"79 


7G 
"82 


















29.87 77 
29.79 78 










or 


4p. m 


22.78 


100 


29.90 88 
29.85 83 










b c 

b c mql 
b c q-r 

or 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


20.72 
22.19 


74 

75 


29.83 77 
















29.90 78 


75 


79 










E.byN 

SSW 

SW.hyS,Sd. 

&Ed. 
SE. by S. to 
^|E.byE. 


9a. m 


22.58 


90 


29.82 80 


70 

?63 

63 


200 
400 


I 





1 






29.85 82 






1100 




10 Sd. & Ed. 
6Sd. &Ed. 










1 
29.85 81 














,L..,: 










29.84 82 


(77 

67 

<C4 


80 
200 
400 


V 


2490 


4 
4 




b c 








29.88 84 


77 


79 





SE 


fli, s 


7Sd. & Ed. 


b c 


9a.m. 


21.84 


80 










29.86 


82 




.... 


80 










SE. by e!!!. 


4 


cisVcus; 


8 


Sd."& Ed. 


bcm... 




21.09 


77 



148 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States survofmg bag Dolphin, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Long:tude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From %-es3el. 


From boat. 


Under currentt?. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

i 


Direction. 


i 

1 

c 


^ 


Direction. 


3 

1 


1S52. • 
Mj.ic\. 

1, 4 a m 


fimVt. 

7 26 2 m... 
7 37 34 " m... 
7 4S 88 " 

7 59 46 " m... 

8 16 53 " m... 


33 49 48 a. va. 

33 55 52 " a. m. 

34 10 25 O — ^ 

p.m. 
34 25 4 " p. m. 

3-1 30 4S " p. m. 
















. "?*'• 


6a.m 






SSW 


1.4 


JlOSSE 

^80SE.byE.. 


0.7 


\ 




N. 72=^7.. 


0.6 


8.16 p.m.. 

8p. m 

2, 4a m 


SSW 


0.5 


lOS. by E... 


0.5 


9 16 © 


















. 






















8pm 




































noon 


















8pm 






































noon 1 






















































noon 












...1 






8p.m 












....1 


















1 






noon 








. 




K .. 






8p.m 












.J 

















1 







S. Doc. 59. 149 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United Stales navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water 


i 
1 

1 


.1 

a 
1 

i 

1 






Clouds. 


Weathei 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Mast- 
head. 


I 


Under 
surface. 




humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


. a 


a 




1 


Direction pei 
compass. 


£ 


Class. 


Porlion. 
Direction from. 


g 


1. 
> 


h 


29 83 


82 




80 

80 

80 

81 

81 

80 

81 
86 
81 
78 
84 
81 
81 
81 
82 
81 
82 
81 
81 










E. by S 

E. by S., SE. 
3E. by S . . . . 

3E. by S. to 

ESE. 
::SE., SE. by 

E.byE.... 

SE 

:SE., SE.... 
E., ESE.... 
E., ESE.... 

SE 

SE., SE.... 


4 
4 
4 


CuS 


7Sd. km. 


b c 1 








29.90 


83 




(77 
l7l 


80 
200 
400 


I- 





b c 








87 ■ 81 


S3 


1100 


CuS 


SSd. &Ed. 


b c 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


21.39 
20.41 


74 


... 


(80 

{?? 


10 
30 

42 


}■■ 


45 


4 




70 


.. 









OuS 


TSd. & Ed. 

5Sd. & Ed. 

7Sd. & Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 
5Sd. &Ed. 
7Sd. & Ed. 
SSd. & Ed. 
7Sd. & Ed. 
7Sd. & Ed 
5Sd. &-Ed. 
6Sd. & Ed. 
7|Sd. k Ed. 
6Sd. &Ed. 
7Sd. k Ed. 
SSd. & Ed. 

SSd. &Ed. 




29.87 


82 ... . 












4CuS 

4Cu, cu S.. 
4 Cu, cu S . . 
4CuS, N... 
8'CuS, cu.. 
8 Cu S, cu . . 
8'Cu, cuS .. 
S'CuS.cu.. 

8!Cu 

3 Cu, cu S . . 

3 Cu 

4 Cu S, cu . . 

4;CuS 

8.CuS,N... 

3 Cii a 










1 
29 92 


90 81 
S6 . . . . 


85 










\>cm.'.'. 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.93 










74 




33 78 
36 ... . 


*84 












29.94 








.... 

s 


be m... 
b cm 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


21.39 
21.39 


77 


29.91 














7T 


29 83' 


30 






29.96 


36 78 
36 ... . 


..*. . 








I 


5 c m... 
b c m... 
bcm 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


21.89 
23.83 


77 


29.91' 










78 


29 87 


32 












B 




29.94' 


36 79 
39 ... . 


84 










E 


b c 

)C m... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


21.69 
20.46 


77 


29.9(j! 










SE 

E. byS.... 
d.&Ed.,Sd. 
& Wd. 
E 


65 


29 S3 


32 














29.90 


38 78 
4 


84 










b c qr.. 
bcm... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


24.76 

20 72 


88 


29 90 


1 




....s 


74 












.1 


1 


1 







150 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States survajhig brig Dolpiiin, Lieut. Samuel 

Pard, 







i 
1 


Surface current. 








Varia- 
tion. 




! 


From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


LaUtude. 


Longitude. 


DirecUon. 


1 

I 


t4 


Direction. 


i 

1 


1 


Direction. 


i 

c 
\4 


1852. 

Marcli. 

7,4 a. m 


Sovih. 


Wa<t. 






* 






. '7^'- 






1 










L... 




8p. m 

8,4 a.m.. .. 


8 6 21D. R... 
7 41 44 * a. m. 

7 40 21 " a. m. 








■■■■i 






34 87 30 © a m ' ! • 












6.20 a.m.. 


SJ. .33 15 " a. m 












!■■■■ 


9 1 






N. 55o\v 


0.6 








f 


4 p. m 


7 

6 50 40 * a. m. 
6 13 88 " a. m. 

6 15 26 " a. m. 

6 7 10© 

5 31 45 " m... 

4 56 27 * a. m. 
4 43 

4 85 12 © 

4 43 82 " m... 

4 43 9 " m... 
4 15 80 " m... 

4 9 

3 56 42 


83 49 .. ..1 








1 


9 67 © 


8 p. m 


33 34 30 © p. m. 
33 30 6 " a. m. 
















9,4 a. m 


















6.40 a.m.. 


33 24 10 " a. m. 

a.m. 
83 16 46 © 

p.m. 
32 43 41 * p. m. 

32 30 39 a. m. 
32 26 






NW. by N. 


0.3 hs 


mv. by N. 


0.6 
0.6 


1 


noon 


N. 55= W. 


0.6 


"•3j^80«»Y.oy^. 
















10,4a.m 

7>iia. m... 


.......... 










• 


... 


ii'w© 


nooD 


a. m.l 
3" "3 5 Wr-rt 


0.9 




^. . . . 








8p.m 

8p.m 


p.m. 
32 42 54 " p. m. 

32 &} 45 * p. m. 




West 




SW. by W. 
West 


1.4 


10 28 © 


11,4a. m 

















8a.m 


82 34 














10 82 © 


noon 

8p.m 


32 19 1© a.m. West.. .. 


1.8 













12,4a.m 













































8p. m 






- 


' . 














13,4a.m 










-. 












noon 


3 51 41 

3 42 41 * p. m. 


Dep. & 

38 2 14 * p. m. 

.33 ^r, .1 * „ m 






NW 


0.5 


510 

J80 


WNW„.. 
NW. UK. 


0.6 


I 








1.0^ 


14,4a.m 


3 17 4 " a. m. 83 16 29 © a. m. 

3 85 46© 33 26 44© — 

1 p.m. 


















N. 60« W. 


1.0 














8p.m 


- 












15,4a.m 


1 


















noon 


3 50 13 D . . '33 50 40 
















10 64 


Sp. m 


j P- m, 


_. . 




# 










16,4a.m 


1 1 


















8 50 13 ©([... 


88 60 40 © 
















8p. m 


















17,4 a. m 


:;:::::::i::: ■■■■ i 
















noon 


8 53 6D. R... 
3 40 9 " . . . . 
8 26 17 m... 


33 52 7D. R...I 






1 








8p.m 


m 40 4- " .... 1 






1 








18,4a.m 


3:? 51 49 r:i a m 








1 










1 a. m 
8 51 22 " 183 65 56 © 


9. 8.10 W 


1 5 




1 










' p. m.l 




1 




1 









S. Doc. 59. 



151 



Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander, hound from Pernambuco to 
Brazil. 



Temp., air.jTemp., water. 



Mast- 
head. 



Under 
surface. 3 



Direction per 
compass. 



ESE., SE. by 

E. 
SEbyS,ESE. 

ESE 

SE. byE.... 



CuS. 
Cu.. 
CuS. 



5Sd. 
5Sd. 
5Sd. 



& Ed. 
& Ed. 
&Ed. 



b cm.. , 
b c m I. 
b c m. . 



4 p. m 



Force of vapor, 
and relative 
humidity. 



c ! 



20.41 
'26.41 



bom. 



4p. m 



SE. by E. . . . 



CuS, N. 
CuS.... 
CuS.... 



6Sd. 
6Sd. 



& Ed, 
Ed. 



& Ed. 



b c q r. 
b c q r . 
b c m. . 
b cm. . 



9a.m 

4p. m 



21.69 
21. 



CuS. 



10 IT 
SO 15 b 

200i 



by S.... 



E. by S.... 
E. by S. to 
SE.byE. 



6 CuS 

4iCu, cu S . 



&Ed. 
&Ed, 



6Sd. &Ed. 
8Sd-.. & Ed, 



to SEbyS 
SE.byE.,SE. 
bvS. 



Cu,ciS... 

CuS 

CuS 

Ci cu, cu S. 



Cicu, cuS. 

Cu N, cu S. 



6Sd. & Ed. bcm. 
4Sd. & Ed. bcm 
3Sd. & Ed. bcm 
4'Sd. & Ed.b c. 



20.72 
21 



iSa. &Ed. 
iSd. & Ed. 



[so 

Tl 

I 7n 



101 
8O! 

i 75 200i 

ilToi 200,- 
I 75 80 
,1^ 80, 



SSE., ESE. 
ESE 



SE.,SE.bvE. 
ESE.....'... 



SE. by S., SE. 
to ESE . . 



SSE, SE by E. 
SE byE, ESE. 
E.byS.toSE 

ESE 

ESE 



.I....I....I. 



I i I 



Cu 

3|CuS.... 

4 N, cu S . 



4;CuS 

4,Cu S, cu . 

4Cu 

4'cu 

4!Cu 

4;Cu, N.... 
4 Cu, cu S , 
3 CuS, N.. 
4CuS, N., 

2 CuS 

4|CuS, N.. 

3CuS,N.. 



7Sd. 
4Sd. 

7Sd. 



bcm.. 
b c m q r 



& Ed. bcm.. 
& Ed.jbcm.. 

& Ed. be q.. 



5Sd. & Ed. be. 



& Ed. [bcm. 
& Ed.|b c m. 



9 a. m 
4p. m 



7,Sd. 

6Sd. 

8Sd. 
6Sd. 

7'Sd. 

9:sd. 

8Sd. 
6,Sd. 

SSd. ■£; Ed.jbcm p.. 19 a.m. 



21.69 
21.; 



& Ed.'bcqp. 
& Ed.'b c... 
& Ed. b c q r. 
& Ed. bcqr--o!9a.m 

& Ed. b c 4p.m 

& Ed.,b cm... 



22.70 
21. 



23.01 
22.00 



152 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of the United Stata sunrying brig DoJjfhin, Licvt. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








T«rla- 
tion. 




Prom vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction 


i 


Direction. 


i 




Direction 


3 

s 

El. 

s 

B 
t4 


1S52. 
fr,n-c\ 

13,5p. m 

8p. m 


345 

•3 -Sn 18 * p. m. 
a 24 111© ra... 
3 44 

3 S4 24 

3 IS 

a 1 .39 * p. m. 
3 4 3D. K... 
2 4G 15 " .... 

2 43 " . . . . 

2 46 15 m... 

3 4 

8 2S S5 O .... 
8 51 


83 47 <1 














10 5 


33 39 33 * p. m. 




1 






1 


1 . 






t 




■,«..... 


33 55 


::::! :::: ...j....i 




10 29 


a.m. 
33 49 25 

p. m. 
S3 89 


1 

S, 7SaW..' 1.5 

1 


1 1 






Si;-: 


j j 






10 1 


33 29 42 * p. m. 
S3 22 4;i D II 


1.. . 1... 






23, 4 u. in 


■ 1 ....|.-- 








33 22 7 " .... S. 78° W.. 1 5 












S p. ni 


33 ''9 SI " 1 












* 


33 4 45* a. luX. ....'... .. '.".'. 











..,. 


•■ 


7% a m 


33 1:1 ' » 












10 24 




a. in. i 
33 17 53 © N. 84° W. . ! 1.0 

p. m.l 1 
33 38 ' 












5p. m 

8p. m 

22,4:i.tn 

7% a.m... 

noon 












10 21 


8 46 17 © m... 


}3 S2 12 * p. ra. 


...... .. 












3 53 -^II " m... 
3 40 

3 84 53 


^3 28 55 © a. m. 
38 30 


:-■ 










ioie'o 


IS H.T 9. rM '1 .' V 7R° W 


1.5 












Sp. m 

8p. m 


p. m. 
3 30 41 " '33 310© p. m. 

3 81 12 * p.m. 33 86 12 * p.m. 




W.byN^. 


1.4 


{» 


W by N.. 
W.byN.. 


1.4 
1.4 


10 


23,4 a. m 


3 27 44 O m. . . 33 46 8 O a. m. 


:::::::::::: 


1 










11 4 




3 29 56 " '33 4S 35 O - — '■ 


N. 75°W.. 


1.3 








• 




4»ip.m... 
Sp. ni 


8 86 

3 S9 12© m..« 
8 33 0©m... 

3 86 

3 46 8 © 


p. m. 
33 48 . . . 


1 










10 36 G 


33. 4» © p. m. 


1 








■ 




24,4.a.m 


S3 44 6 *.a. m. 


1 














SM' a- ni... 


53 48 0'. . . 


'1 












10 8 


noon 


33 42 15 P) a. ra. 


N.71''AV . 


0.9 








. 




3 56 50 " m... 33 27 32 " a.m. 


t 












25, 4 a. Ill 


3 54 IS " in... 33 31 26 " a.m. 






\ 
i 












11. H7 a.m. 


4 23 " m... .33 40 44© '- — '- 
p. m. 

4 23 " 8;M0 44 O - — '■ 

p. in.' 
4 2 52 * p. m. 33 46 30 J p. m 






W. byN.. 

i 


1.1 












N.S3W.. 


o.s 




m 




1 

11 12 


8 p. m 


1 






1 




SG,4a.m 


4 9 54 m... 84 5 o'* a. mJ 






1 






1 




• 


7}i a.m.... 


3 69 7© ' 


M 5 .. . 






! 






1 




11 15 


noon 


in ns 7 n '- — ^ 


N'. 75° W.. 


1.2 


1 






1 




8p.m 


8 54 " '33 55 " pirn! 




1 






1 


1 


10 41 


8 p. ni 

47,4 a. m 


3 47 .'^2 * p. m. H.-l 55 " p. m.' 

3 50 51 " a. m. S3 53 23 " u. m.'. . . 




1.... 






-' 


7a.rn 

noon 


1 1 

3 49 " a.m. S3 52 27 " a. m.' 

1 a. m.l 

3 43 36 " a. in. 83 58 CS © 

1 p. m.l 

4 29 •• a.m. 34 16 51 " p.m.' 


S'. 5.',^ W. 


l.( 


" i"i 


in 

8:1 


NW.iy'w 1 '. l^^ ** ® 


8p.ra 


1 




.... • .1 . 


CS.4a. m. ... 


4 19 50m...Vl 23 17* a.m.' 




i 




1 



S. Doc. 59. 

P/iillips Lee, United States navy., commander — Continued. 



153 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water 




i 

i 

G 


Winds. 








Weathei 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




O 


Mast- 
head. 


1 
3 


Under 
surface. 




humidity. 


Baro- 
mettr. 


a 




3 

i. 


i 


Direction per 
compass. 

i 


Class. 


1 
1 


1 

.S 
1 

S 


3 


1 


>> 
































29.8T&t 






8j 

su 










SE.byE.... 
SE. foESE.. 


S Cu 

4Cu,cuS,N. 


8 


Sd. & Ed. 
Sd . & Ed . 


bens 








29.83 82 




.... 




.... 1 




1.. 


. 














29.87 Sr 


79 


82 


S3 










SE., SE.byE. 


4 Cu, cu S . . 


8 


Sd. & Ed. 
























4 p.m. 


21. S9 


74 


29.85 82 






81 
83 
80 

83 
80 










SEbvStoSE 
SE by S to SE 
SE. by S. to 

ESE. 
E. by S. to SE 
WNW.,E. by 

N. 


4lcu::::::: 

3CuS, N... 
4|X 


5Sd. &Ed. 
SSd. & Ed. 
lOJSd. & Ed. 

7 Sd . & Ed . 
GSd. & Ed. 






29.82 8i) 






b c q r 1. 
otlr... 

bcl p.. 




|.... 


29.89 


:: 

8J 


7.- 


77 










9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


22.18 
22.88 




„.r 










1 
ljCuS,N... 
iCuS 


100 


29. 8J 




























9 a.m. 


23.01 


84 


29.86 


84 


79 


82 


SO 










SE.byE.... 


^CuS 


5 


Sd. & Ed. 


















4 p. m. 


22.70 




29.85 


82 
82 






81 










SE 


^CuS 

4CuS 


6 
4 


Sd. & Ed. 
Sd. &Ed. 


b c m n 




29.82 










SE. 


h r m 


























9 a.m. 


21.89 




29.88 


88 

89 

&3 
83 

88 


79 

... 


83 


81 

81 

81 
80 

81 










SE., SE. by S. 

SE. by S.... 

SE.by S.... 
SE. by S. to 

SE. by E. 
Calm 


3CuS 


6 


Sd. & Ed. 






29.82 


(09 
l65 


Sil 
200 
855 


}" 




1000 




4,„. 


21.39 


77 


29.85 


3CuS,ci... 
^{CuS 

.!CuS,ci... 


! 


Sd . & Ed 


hrm 




29.83 














Sd. & Ed. 










29.92 


83 












Sd. & Ed. 


bcml.. 


9 a.m. 


21.69 


77 














29.9.1 


.. 






81 
81 











E by S. to SE. 
ENE. to ESE. 


zjcus ; 

^iCuS 


8 


Sd. &Ed. 
Sd. k Ed. 


b r in 


4i, in 


21.89 


74 


29.88 





















9 a.m. 



21.69 




29.94,83 


8l) 


80 


S'l 
79 

79 

SO 

SO 
81 
81 










E., E. by S.. 


^CuS, N... 
1 N 

3 

ON 

6 


I 

10 






29.94 IT 










Variable, Sd. 

A; Wd. 
Sd. &Ed,NE, . 

North. 


Sd. k Ed 'or 


4 p.m. 


22.88 


100 


29.90 74 





















29.94 93 


77 


S3 


[73 


S3 


}■• 




lULO 




bcm... 


9 a.m. 


22.31 


84 


£9.94 9a 


XW 

Calm 

Variable 

°E. by E. to 
SE. by S. 


SCuS 

. CuS, ci cu 
2CuS 

1 


8 
5 






1 

29. as 8? 

29.87 82 











Sd. & Ed. 

Sd. &Wd. 
Sd & Ed 


b c m.. .'4p.m. 


21. r7 


71 






'9„„ 


21. C9 


77 


29.93 89 


79 


78 


82 

81 

81 
81 

81 

82 











E by S to S by . 
E,Variable 


]■■■ 


_ 


Sd. A- Ed 


He 1 




23.83 82 


73 


S3 




« 

8, 







21.84 


SI 


29.8G82 




L.,« 


SSd. & Ed. 
8 Sd Jfe Ell 


q— b c 






29.81 8J 




82 











Calm 

SE. byS.... 

SE. by S. to 

ESE. 
E to "^'E 


cus..:::. 

2'cuS, N... 

3jCuS 

).'cuS, N... 








29.a0 82'.... 
29.85 83 7S 


( 70, lilO 

\ 71 2nn 

(gG 345 


|. 



500 







1 
'9 a.m. 

b c p .... 
be,.... 


22. 7r 


SI 


1 
20.84 82 

29.82 83 




■■ i "\"\ 


ISd. &Wd. 

ISd. & Ed. 
7,Sd. & Ed.i 


b cm 4 n ni 


22.31 


S4 






», 




1 







SE.byE.... 


bcmlq 


:.,. 





13 



154 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log ff Uic United Stata surveywg byig Doljfhin, Lieut. 





LaUtude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 
1 


Direction. 


i 

1 


t 




Direction. 


1 
1 


1S52. 

Murc'i. 

2S,6a.m 

noon 

3pm 

Sp. ra 

29,4 a. ra 

6 a. ra 


SnnUi. 

4 11 36 ra... 

4 13 25 " 

4 19 55 " ra... 

4 21 17 " ra... 
4 21 56 -M a. ra. 

4 20 22 " a. m. 

4 29 68 © 

4 28 31 " 

4 20 59 " m... 
4 20 21 " m... 

4 21 47 " 

4 22 33 " m... 
4 24 2 " m... 
4 24 13 " m... 

''' «" 

4 17 30 " m... 

4 IS 52 " m... 
4 12 56 * a. m. 


West. 

34 22 25 * a. ra. 

a. m. 
U 87 55 © 

p. ra. 
.34 45 40 " p. m. 




N. 50'^ W. 


1.0 


NW 


1.4 


fio 

|80 


NW 

NW 


1.4 


Il>jrf. 
9 16 












9 8S e 


i 












34 57 49 * a. ra.l . . .1 














34 57 34 © a. ra. 

85 3 49 © — ^ 
p. m. 

35 5 44 " p. m. 

35 6 17 * a. m. 

35 9 G " a. m. 

35 17 5 © ''— 

p.m. 

35 24 35 © p. m. 




N. 61-'W. 


1.3 




0.6 






..,, 












8p. m 

89,4 a. ra 

6 a ra 












9 8 


1 












1 

N. 8S» W. 1.7 

1 


Soutli .... 


2.0 








845 © 










8 p. m 

81 4a m 














.35 21 87 * a. m. 




















85 23 21 * a. m. 




















a. m. 
35 19 13 © 

p. m. 
35 20 16 " p. m. 

35 24 21 " p. m. 


N. 77° W. 


0.9 














3p.m 

8p. m 

April. 
1, 4 a. n\ 




1.4 


,. 




1.2 


8B6 


.... 


35 24 30 * a. m. 


















7;<^u. m... 
noon 


4 

34 21 O 


•35 28 . 
















8 48 e 


a.m. 

.<!5 .SS 29 ri 


N.67°W. 


0.8 












Sp.in 

Sp.m 


p. ra. 
3 13 G " m...85 44 58 " p.m. 


W.bySo.. 


0.9 








8 67 


3 n 46 * p. m. 85 !56 87 * p. m. 












2,4 a. m 


2 40 18 " a. m. 36 29 50 * a. m. 


















6 a. ra 


2 82 69 " a. m. 36 86 20 ♦ a. m. 






WNW.... 


1.0 


(10 
-^80 


WNW .... 


1.0 
2.0 


8 47 




2 26 47 O 36 45 57 ^— 

2 27 14 * p. m. 36 45 39 * p.' ra.' 


S. 87° W.. 


1.0 


Sp.m 















8,4a. m 


2 21 IS ra. .. 36 36 5 * a m 


















5.45 a.m.. 


2 21 44 " ra... 36 85 61* a.m. 






W.by N.. 


0.7 


Jl(. 

|so 


WNW.... 
WNW.... 


1.1 
1.2 


8 87 




2 22 42 " 80 85 87 O - — '- 

1 p.m. 
2 22 27 * p. m.'36 82 6 * p. m 


s. 5.30W.. 


0.8 


8 p. m 












8 2 


4, 4 a. m 


2 22 50 " a. m.'36 83 5:J * a. m. 
















5.40 a.m.. 


2 22 2 " a. m.'86 84 23 * a. ra. 

1 a m 

2 15 51 36 .<]S 27 o '■ 


N.SO" W'.. 


0.8 


\W 


0.8 


fio 
-^80 


NW. by W. 
WNW .... 


0.8 
0.7 


8S3 Q 


4y,V-rn... 


2 13 


p. m. 
80 42 ....... 




.... 








9 28 © 



S. Doc. 59. 155 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United Suites navy, commander — Continued. 



Temp., air. 



Mast- 
head. 



Temp., water 



Under 
surface. 



12 
lb, 

1000 



i}' 



Direction pei 
compass. 



ESE 

ESE. to SE. 



SE. byE.... 

SE. by E.. E, 
by S. 
ESE. 

NE. by E. 

SE. to E . . . . 



E. by S . 

E. bv t 

SSE. 
NE by E 



to I 
NE. toSE.. 

Calm 

S., NW., N. 

Calm 

Calm 



ESE. to ENE 
East 



NEbyE.EXE 

ENE 

EXE. to NE 



NE. by N. to 
N. by W 

NE. by E. to 
N. by W 

North".... 



North . . 

N. by E 

bv W. 

Calm . . . 



Calm ... 
ENE. 



4 .... 
3Cu. 

2 .... 



2CuS. 

2CuS. 

SCuS. 



2 

CuS, N.. 
1 
2N, cu S. 

2CuS.... 



7Sd. &Ed 

4Sd. & Ed.]b cq. 

. bcm. 

GSd. &Ed. b cq. 

7Sd. & Ed.'b cp< 
lo'sd. .t Ed. oqr.. 
lb c... 



rCi,cuS, N 
1 N, cu S . . . 



!CuS, N. 



4 Cu 

8 Cu, cu S. 

2 

SCuS, N.. 



SCuS, N... 

I 
2 Cu S, ci cu 



lCu,N. 
1 CuS.. 



bcm. 

c m. 

b c... 



Sd. & Ed. bcm.. 

Sd. & Ed. be q.. 
Eastward . | 

— — b c q r. 

Sd. &Ed.| 
b c... 

Sd. & Ed.'b cqr. 



5Sd. &Ed 

I 
5 Eastward 



Force of vapor, 
and reliUive 
humidity. 



9 a. m, 
4 p.m. 



9 a.m. 2-3.01 
4p.m. 21.89 



9 a.m. 
p. m. 



b c q p. 



5 Eastward, b c m p. 9 a. m. 
.^Nd. & Ed. b cm p. 4p.m. 
7Nd. & Ed. bcm 
I I 



GNd. vt Ed. bcp ... Oa.ra.l 22.81 
7Nd. & Ed. I.c q 
SSd.&Ed.. bcm 



GSd. & Ed 
.1 



a.m. 21.1 
4 p.m. 21.39 



156 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log nf the United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface curienf. 


! 






Vaila- 
Uon. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under current.-'. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

i4 


Direction. 


1 

i 
1 


1 


Direction. 


1 

i 

I 


1Sj2. 
Apr^t. 

4,Sp. m 


Su'h. 

, .. 

•2 7 10 * p. m. 


West i 

Sfi 40 f. * n m J 














_ ir«/. 


5, 4 a. m 


1 4-3 17 " a. m. 37 7 M* .a m J 
















TXa.m... 
noon 


1 2S 

1 16 60 . ... 


37 19 
















8 12 G 


a. m.- 
87 SO 10 m N S70 W 


0.4 




1 








p. m. 
1 6 47©*pm.37 34 2©*pm. 

1 8 3 * p. m. 37 34 49 * n. m. 






East 4'ill'''^■^y??•■• 


10.7 


88S 


8p. m 








r 




6, 4 a. m. . . . 


35 39 D. R. . . 
15 55 


37 36 42 D R 




1 1 








1 




.87 51 r,a P, n. m '\'. S7>- V. 


05 


i 


















1 










7, 4 a. in 


6 13 * a. m. 3S 3G * a. m. 
10 23 " a. m.'ss 44 * a. m. 
















6 a m 






SE 0.7 JJS 


SE 

ESE 


0.8 




7 83 




1 a.m. 




0.9 






4Xp. m... 


.85 

43 4(> * p. m. 
42 58 " a. m. 

O46 4C0m... 


p. m. . 
39 22 1 


1 






8 


8p. m 


39 42 12 p. m.l 


I 1 


1 " 


8,4 a. m 


40 11 20 * a. m.l 


1 \""i 








9.23 a.m.. 


40 34 41 a.m.' 


....ssw I1 








623 


noon 


48 28 " '40 40 St " n. m.'s m W 


1.0 

• • 


1 








8p. m 

8 p. m 


54 27 " m... 
53 89 * p. m. 
5) 14 " a. m. 

49 00* a.m. 

059 590 

57 5 " m...' 

51 22 " m... 

1 9 50 * a. m.' 
1 6 ' 

o»,.o 1 

53 20 " m...l 

1 5 8 d a. m.l 
59 59© ' 

59 

1 1 2.) ^.■. p. m. 

1 C led a.m. 
1 7 6 d a. m.;. 

1 C 10 '» 

1 6 57 " m...'^ 

1 7 45 * p. m.U 


40 51 24 " p. m.l 

40 55 36 * p. m.l .... " 


1 — ' — 






6 7 


9,4l..m 


40 46 54 * a. m. 


1 1 








7 a. m 


40 44 29 " a. m 


1 


South .... 0.8 .... 

i 




.... 


660 


noon 


40 53 16© —South ... 

p. m.l 

41 6 21 " p.m.' . 


1 


Sp. m 


SSW 1.7 Ul 


SSW 

8. by E. . . 


1.7 
1.7 




8p. m 


41 49 " p. m.l 




10,4a.m 


tl 21 3S " a. m.l . 


"■j... ■••-I----.- -• 








7;^ a.m... 


11 16 ' 


....1 _. J 






6 13 


noon 


a. m. 
11 3 83© S. IS^W.. 

p. m.' 
11 2 48 " p.m. 


1.2' 
1 


.. 1 








8p.m... . 


1 










11,4a. m 


11 5 57 * a.m.! 


....i I.J 










noon 


11 8 .M©*— S.I50W.. 

p.m.; 
n 2S 1 


1.2! 
....1 


.... I.I 










4% p.m... 


1 1 








6 20 e 


8J). m 


U 4S 18 * p. m. 


....1 1....'.... 






12,4 a. m 


12 59 89 ' a. m.l 


1 ! 








5.10a.m.. 
nonn 


12 53 15 ♦ a. m.l 

a. ra.' 

13 21 86© SSE 

p. ni., 
l;3 43 49 '• p. m 


0.5 


iVSW .... 0.6 hj 

1' 1 


W. by S. . . 
N.by W.. 


0.0 
1.1 


483 


8.1.>p. m.. 


"■■■■■■T"Y-| ! 




4 30 


8p. m 


14 7 31 * p. m.l 


....! L..L..1 1 





S. Doc. 59. 157 

Samuel P/iillqis Lrc, U/i/fcd Suites navy, commander — Continued. 



1 


Pemp., air. 


Temp., water. 


i 

i 


§ 
i 
1 












Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Jlast- 
head. 


i 

a 

= 


1 Under 
surface. 




Clouds. 


humidify. 


baro- 
meter. 




a 


1 

1 


1 


Direction per 
compass. 


1 


Class. 


i 


Direction from. 


o 


1 

i 


a 








83 
81 










ENE. to NE. 
by N. 

NE. by N. to 
NE. 




Cii en S 


1 
1 

7 Nd. i Ed 












J- 






i 




SCn 


5Nd. & Ed. 








1 










! 










9 a.m. 


21.69 


1 77 




s 




82 

81 
80 
81 
80 

SO 
80 

S3 




! 




NE 


9 


Cu 


3 Nd. & Ed. 

1 






1 
29. So 8 

29 86 8 


i 




^67 


8.) J 
S45 S 





NE 




4 p.m. 


21. .39 


77 


J 




1000 


NE .... 


Cu 


eNd. & Ed. 

^iNd. &Ed. 

Eastward . 

10 Eastwaid 


















NE. 


" 


Cu,cuS,N 
Cu. N 










29 89 T 


1 




.... 






Eastward. 
ENE., NE... 

ENE., NE... 

NE. byN... 
NE. byN... 
NE. byN... 


\ 


o.r.... 
oq p... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


22.58 
21.65 


% 


29 S3S 






2CuS,N... 
4CuS 


9 

10 


Eastward . 


84 


29 86 8 








! 






Nd. & Ed. 
Nd X- T?rl 




29.84 8 


•j 




169 


in 

.345 \ 




1000 


4 
4 




..1 


m 

b c. 


9 a.m. 


22.00 


», 


29.9.) S 


Cu . _ 


i 
6Nd. & Ed. 




















4 p.m. 


21. C8 


TT 


29.88 8 


1 




SO 

81 
81 
8 1 
79 

79 

SO 

81 

80 
79 








NE. byN... 
NE. byN... 

NE. . . 


4 Cu 

4Cq 


5Nd. &m. 
6Nd. &Ed. 






29.84'8 


i.... 
1 




.... 


. , 






40O 










1 
29.89 8. 


4 
4. 




bcm.... 
b c m 


9 a.m. 


21.89 


74 


29 89 9 


1 




NE by E, NE. 

NE 

NE 


Hn 


5 Nd & Ed 




29.849 
29.85 8: 


i.... 











i':::::::: 

3 Cu 

4rii 


'6Nd."&Ed'. 
5Nd. & Ed. 


bcm.... 


4 p.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.828 












NE. to ENE. 
NE 










1 
29.84 8- 








... 
1 1 




500 


4 
4 
3 

3 

4 












29.9."i'8 


1 






1 ! 


NE by E, NE. 
NE. 


Cicu 


■"1 

7 Nd. & Ed. 

1 










1 
29.81 3( 


1 






2^,!{..| 
345 S 1 


2930 



bcqp.. 

h o n 


4 p.m. 


22.70 


SI 


...k 


j 




NE 

NE., EXE... 


CuS, N... 
CuS N 


8Nd. .feEd. 




29.8J'8 
























1 ' ' 








1 
29.83 8 


1 




80 
80 


.... 


1 1 

''Tj 




ENE 

ENE 

NE.byE.... 

NE.byE,NE 
by N. 


5CuS,N... 

5 Ci, cu S, N. 

4CuS 

1 
4 Ci cu, cu 

, j 8, N. 


9 Nd & Ed h f o n 


Qa.m. 


22.62 


ss 


29 838 


1 




9Nd. &Ed. 
10 Nd. & Ed.' 
9 Nd & Ed 






29.86 S 


i 




n n 








1 
29.88 3c 




! 1 




n ri n h 


9 a.m. 


22.00 


81 




1 






1 1 




1 1 cmp.| 




29.86 S-. 

29.85 8 

1 
23.808 

1 
29.92 8« 

1 
29.36 8- 

1 
29.85 S-: 






8.) 
8;) 
80 
81 
61 
81 








NE.byE.... 
NE.byE.... 
NE.byE.... 
NE.byE.... 
NE. lyE.... 
NEbyE.EXE 


4 Cu, cu S . . 


7 Nd & Ed h r in ! 


4 p.m. 


22.00 


fil 


1 






i 










i 




i 


8)) 





S 
3 

4( 






1 


bcm... 


9 a.m. 


22.70 


81 






345 ) j 1000 


:u 


7 


1 

1 








15 


8.) ) 1 
2no I--' 


bcm... 

t)c m. .. 


4 p.m. 


22.00 


81 






845 


) 1 


2 101) 


:icu,c.uS. 


c. 


1 
Vd. &. Ed. 





158 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of the United States survcijing brig Dolphin, Lieut. 





Latitude. 




Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




Longitude. 


From vessel. 


From boat. 


Uiitler currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 
1 


Direction. 


1 

1 

t4 


. 


Direction. 


i 

1 


1852. 
April. 

13, 4 a. m 


1 
Sn,t\ ^ WiSt 

55 11 * a.m. 44 57 14 * a.m. 

n ."il .IR (T ?. m 'iU rfl. fV>. * u m 














. "'?*'• 


5 a. m 






NW. by N. 




NW. by N. 
NW. by N. 


i.o' 

"'l 


! 1 a. m. 
noon ' 49 17 '45 12 55*0 

6.12 p.m.. 23 45* p.m. 45 30 54 * ^.m. 
1 1 

8 p. m 21 21 " p. m. 45 34 40 * p, m. 

14,4 a. m ft ID 11 * an. 45 5>! 24 * am 


N. 15» W. 


0.6 




\ 




1 


1" 1 


1 




1 • 


i 








8.15 a.m.. 


Smth. 
21(1 a m 46 13 2S * a m 


E ist 


o.c 










1 a. ui.l 1 
9 58 O . ... 46 18 37 O N. hi^ W I 1 n 








1 


4.80 p.m.. 


23 3 m...46 26 19 " p! Si 

8^ 10 * p. m.4r. 36 35 * p. m. 
88 13 * a m 46 »2 6 * » m 


1 


East 


0.6'-.... 

1 




1 
■■■■l 


8p. m 


1 




15,4 a. m 


1 




■■■■■■■ 





1 


8a.m 


038 

n m o.<? 1^ 


46 38 ft 


I 


: ( 







1 26 e 


noon 


dfi .'i.'J l.^i m a m 


1 


1 1 .. 








8p. m 1 T 1.... 


I....I.... 






lG,4a.m i 1 1 . . 1 


1 1 . 




1 


Sa. IT) .... 1 


1 i 


1 1 1 




;•■: i;:::i:::: 






8p. m 1 . . . 1 


•■••i 1 




1 


17,4ii. ra i ' ... 




....'.... 














i 


8p.m ' . 






. 1 





.... 




13.4n.m ! . 1 






i 















1 






8p. m 1 .... 1 . 





1 








lD,4H.m 1 . , 1 


. 


1 








noon ) ' ' 1.... 




1 








8p.m 1 1 1 1 . 












1 i i 1 


' 


1 




1 





S. Doc. 59. 159 

Samuel PhlUiiis Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water 


p. 
1 


i 

1 
i 

1 


Winds. 










Force of vapor, 
and relative 




1 


Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 


Clouds. 


Weather 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


a 


a 


a 


i 


Direction per 
compass. 


Class. 

i 


g 
8 


s 


i 


a 

1 


'i 

1 


•29.81 


: 

86 

83 
80 

84 

88 

86 
SI 






81 
81 

82 
82 
81 










NE. byE.... 
NE.byE.... 
NE.byE.... 
Variable .... 

W.,N.,E. .. 

NE. 


8 CuS 


Nd. & Ed. 














84 


(76 
J 73 


80 
200 
845 


\- 





bcm... 


9 a. m 


22.70 


81 


29 90 


1000 


SCuS, N... 
8 


7 


Nd. & Ed. 


29.80 








89>=r 



b c 


4 p.m. 


21.09 


77 


29.84 












2Cug,N... 
2CuS, N... 


r 


Nd. & Ed. 




29. T9 


s-> 










7Nd. & Ed. 


bcmqr. 








29.85 






81 
82 








13 



NE 






9 a.m. 


23.44 


81 


29.86 


79 


83 








NE 


SCi.cuS... 


6 


Nd. & Ed. 


b c. 




29.80 








12 







4 p.m. 


23.13 


78 


29.8(1 






82 
81 










2CiS,cu... 
8 Cu, cu S . . 


7 


Nd. & Ed. 


b c 




29.81 










NE 


5Nd. & Ed. 
1 
































29.86 


02 

82 

80 
S4 
90 
SO 
SO 
90 
38 

rs 

59 

.8 

^6 


78 


83 


82 

82 
81 
S3 










NE., East... 
NE. hyN., to 
ENE. 

Ed., NE 

ENE 

ENE. to E. . . 

E., ENE 

ENE 

EbyStoNE. 
NNE 

ENE., ESE.. 

ENE, N by E. 

MNE 

NINE., North 
NTorth, NNE. 
XNE 


3 Cu 

3.CuS,N... 

8,CuS, N... 

3 


5Nd. &Ed. 
SNd. & Ed. 

7Nd. &Ed. 

1 .. 


be 

bcqp.. 

b c q p ! 


9 a. m. 
4 p.m. 


23.13 
23.75 


78 




























76 


88 










4Cu,N 

8Cu,cu S.. 
3CuS,cu.. 
8 Cu, ci . . . . 

2,CuS,N... 

ICuS 

ICu 

8,Cu,N 

2,Cu, cuS .. 

ICuS 

3|CuS,N... 


6Nd. &Ed. 
9Nd. & Ed. 
8Nd. &Ed. 
SNd. &Ed. 
9 Nd . & Ed . 












8'7 




3cm— 


4 p.m. 


21.13 


78 








81 
84 
81 














78 


83 






i 


be 

b c p q I 

b c m Ip 
b c 


9 a.m. 


21.69 


77 








T 






77 










, 

8 


Nd. & Ed. 










83' 


Sd. &Ed. 

Wnafaravfl 










9Nd. &Ed. 
6Nd. & Ed. 
SNd. & Ed. 
9 Nd & Ed 


b c p . . . 
bcm 


4p.m. 


22.70 


81 






























bcm... 
bcp... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


23.75 
22 70 


85 


29.71 


rs 














81 






i 

















160 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log nf the United States survnjinp; brig Dolphin, Lieut. Snmvcl 

to NiW 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
Uon. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 
1 

1 


Direction. 


1 

1 


1 


Direction. 


3 

1 


1852. 

Al>nl. 

20,4 a. m 


,V/»«i. 


Wtft. 








1 






Wnt 



























:::::;:::::: 






1 








21,4 a. m 












j 




















1 








Sp.ra 1 1 
















22,4a. m 1 ' 











1 












1 






1 








Sp.m 

9 p. m 

33 4 a. m 


North. 
10 27 D. R... 


48 10 21 D. K... 
















13 10 •' 

19 10 " 


48 11 4 " ... 




.... ----■•■■•- 










d.-< Q Rfl m m 
















7.30 a. m.. 


30 22 m... 47 40 30 " a. ra. 






SW 


1.0 












27 56 •' '43 6 29 — 

80 18 " m... 48 7 10 " p! m! 

32 24 " m...'47 33 17 " p.m. 
24 31 " m...'47 89 19 " a.m. 

27 35 " m...!47 37 30 " a.m. 

30 35 " 47 20 23 — 

p.m. 

80 53 " m... 47 17 25©*—^ 

33 17 " m...'46 46 7 " p! ml 

19 20 " m...'46 25 27 * a.m. 

20 53 " m...'46 15 55 * a.m. 
1 a.m. 

29 58 " 46 7 25© 

p. m 
22 22 " m...l45 42 21 * p.m. 

59 41 " m...'46 19 10 a. m 

1 1 29 " m...'46 17 46 " a. m 

a. m 
54 45 •' .... I45 56 19m 


S. 12° E . . 


" 










,2p. m 

8p.m 

»4,4a.m 

6 30 a.m.. 




NE 


1.0 








































S.by E... 


1.3 










noon 


S.16°W.. 


0.5 










Ipni 

Sp.m 

26 4 a. m 


E.byS... 










































6 a. m 






S. by W.. 










2 1» e 




S.41=E.. 


0.9 












Sp.m 

«6.4a.m 

5.20 a.m.. 

















1 












W. byN.. 


O.G 












West 


0.9 










4MP"^-- 


49 

47 20 (£ i>. m 


P.m 
45 40 




i 






2 20 


45 '20 1 « n. m 






::.i:::: :::.i:::::;::;: 




27,4 a. m 


42 59 ;^ a. m.'45 4 59 * a. m 

*3 22 " a. m,'45 1 2 * p. m 

1 a. m 

49 83 '44 59 36 m 
















6.10 a.m.. 






Weft 


osJ»« 


West 

WSW 


1.2 

0.6 


2 27 C 


noon 


N. 81" W. 


1.6 




r 


4)^ p. m . . . 


5t 

1 2 81 * p. m 


p. m 
'44 52 












2 88 e 


S p. m 


ii .lii 1\ « 11 111 


■ L... 












26,4 a.m.... 


1 13 4S* a. m.'44 42 15 Q a. m 
1 10 4 " a.m. 44 10 45 " a. ro 
1 14 39 " a. m.'43 59 8 " a. m 


1 




1 










6.30 a.m.. 






SE. byE.. 0.9 


10 


E bv S 


o.s' 1 








...J...: 




1 27 2i "• a. m. 44 1 2S " a. m 




.... 




.... 




.......... 


.... 


1 



S. Doc. 59. 



161 



Phillips Lee^ United States navy, cmnmander, bound from Para, Brazil, 
Yorh 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water 


a 
1 

1 
i 


8) 

1 

1 
1 

1 












Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




1 


Mast- 
head. 


6 
1 


Under 
sui-face. 


Winds. 


Clouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


a 


a 


1 

a 


5 
1 


Direction pei 
compass. 


1 


Class. 


.2 

1 


1 

5 


a 


i 
t 

8 
1 


1 


29.69 75 

29.80,82 






74 










E. to NNE . . 
NE.toS.&W 

N,E., S.... 
E., SE 


2 
1 

1 

: 
; 


N ;.. 

CuS,N... 

N, cu S . . . 
Cu S, cu . . 

V.u S ni 


10 

10 

9 
9 

I 

9 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 










75 


78 
.... 










P 

or 

b cm— 

m— be 
b cp ... 
b c m. . . 


9 a.m. 
4p.m. 


22.58 
22.00 


96 


29.78 80 
29 78 T6 












81 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 


29.76 89 


75 














ENE., Var . . 

N., NE 

NbyE.EbyS 
East , 

ENE.toNE. 
NEtoEbyN 
NE., ENE... 

ENE 

ENE, NbyE. 

N.byE 

N.byE 

NE.toN.... 

North 

N. by E. to 

NNW. 

N.byE 

NNE to N by 

W. 
N.byE 

\NE 

NTbyEtoNE 

byN. 
NE,NEbyE. 
VE 


Sd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 








29.79 78 




80 
80 
81 

81 
81 
81 

81 

81 

81 

81 
81 

81 

81 

82 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 
81 

81 

81 










2CuS,ciS,N 
3 Cu S. Ku . . 


4 p.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.70,7S 


"■75 














29.75 84 










2 

4 

2 
2 

4 

8 

4 
2 

2 

2 

2 
8 
3 
2 


CuS 

CuS.N... 


bom... 
b c qr.. 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


23.82 
22.93 


88 


29.74 


80 












29.80 81 
















29 77i79 














CuS, N... 


10 


Nd. &Ed. 


qr 1 1 








29.79 81 












10* 



q r 1.. 
r q 1. . 


9 a.m. 


22.27 


92 


29.84 81 


75 


78 








N, cu S . . . 


10 


Nd. & Ed. 




79 

78 
78 

79 

84 

84 
80 
79 

82 
84 

82 
82 

88 








121 


q r... 


4 p.m. 


21.96 


88 


29.77 
29.80 















CuS, N... 

CuS,N... 

Cl, cu S. . . 


10 
10 

8 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Northward 




























78 


18 




20J 





— b c . 


9 a.m. 


22.81 


84 


29.83 


75 


80 


29 78 






m 


in 




4 p.m. 


22.27 


92 


29 77 













CuS.N... 
N, cu S . . . 
N, cuS... 
CuS 


9 

8 

8 

5 


Northward 




29.77 










Nd. &Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 










29 77 












27;i: 


bcp... 


9 a.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.80 


73 


S3 











29.80 










Cu S. ci cu 


be 








29.79 














4CuS.' 


b c 


. 






29.80 










13 


43r 


NE.byN.... 
S^E.byN ... 








-- 


21.03 


77 


29.87 


81 


S3 










Cu 


, 


Nd. & Ed. 








100 










29.81 


83 

82 
82 
85 






81 
81 










SE. byN... 
\"NE. to ENE 
ME. by N... 


: 


Ci, cuS... 
CuS 

0„ 


7 

.. 
6 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 


b c 








29.80 






















29.88 






81 

82 


(78 


80 
200 
845 


}. 




1000 1 




i 
9 a.m. 21.03 


„. 


29.87 


s. 


&i 














N. by W. 






i 




29.84 


82 
80 
80 

82 






81 

81 

81 

81 
81 










NNW. to N. 

byE. 
V.to N.byE. 

NNE 

NNEfoNbvW 
NE 


8;CuS, cicu 


' 


Nd. & Ed. 

Nd. & Ed. 











29.82 






(79 

{1 


SO 
200 
345 


'r 


u 1 

500 1 


b c 














4 
4 






29.92 

29.80 


73 


62 




.... 




N,cuS... 
N,cuS... 


9 


N(?. & Ed. 
N'J. fc Ed. 


oq r... 

q r U-. . 


9 a.m. 

ip. m- 


22. 5S 
23.58 


96 
96 



14 



162 S. Doc. 59. . 

Phillips Lcc, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





LaUtade. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
Uon. 




From Tesscl. 


From boat. 


Under current*. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 


DirecUon. 


1 

1 


5 


Direction. 


3 


1852. 
April. 

2»,4a.m 

5.80 a.m.. 

noon 

8p. ni 


X-,rth. 

51 57 111... 

54 39 " m... 

1 10 7 '■ 

1 11 9* p.m. 
1 14 m... 

1 8 3 " ... 


West. 

43 24 56 O a. m. 

43 85 41 " a. m. 

a. m. 
43 81 6 

p.m. 

43 7 48 " p. m. 

48 10 " a. m. 

a. m. 

49 1 fi d.^ m 
















o "!"'• 






SE 


0.9 


ho'?5 


1.0 
1.2 


8 18 






^80 




































noon 

8p. m 

Man. 
14am 


S. 14° E. . . 


1.2 














1 p.m. 
88 20 " m. . . ^43 .58 4 " n. m. 
















34 26D. R... 

42 31 " 

41 5 * p. m. 
24 4 * p. m. 
28 27 ©m... 

23 

12 53 O 

S„uth. 

3 

18 19 * p. m. 
34 5 ra... 

31 85 " 


44 16 10 D R 


















8am 


44 21 10 " 






E.>iS... 


0.8 












44 41 83(1 *pm. 

45 16 82<[*pm. 
45 80 16 a. m. 














8p. m 

2 4am 


































Si^a.m... 
















3 


a. m.| 
46 3 90 N. Ifiow.. 


0.5 












4Kp.m... 

8p. m 

3, 4 a. m 
















2 27 


46 81 53 p. m. 
46 35 28 " a m 


















' 














4fi .^r (1 " n m 


N. 78° E.. 


9 
















1 
















4,4a: m:::: 


1 




\ 






























































































8p. m 






















6, 4 a. m 












































8p.m ! 




















7,4 a. m 




















noon 








































8, 4 a. m 






















noon 












































9,4a.m 












































8 p. m 






















10,4 a. m 






















noon 






















8 p. m 


1 






;.::::::. 








. ... 





S. Doc. 59. 163 

Samuel PhUlips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



).87 



Temp., air. Temp., water, 



29.79 80 
29.87 80 
29.8183 

29.T8T8 
29.85 77 

29.85 78 



.79 78 
.90 82 75 



.8181 
.87 91 



.80 90 

.79 84 

.77 78 
.7990 
.79 82 
.83 80 

I 
.82 83 

I 
.77 78 
.77 78 

I 
.83 85 



.79 83 

.83 80 
.80-78! 



Under 
sm-face. 



SO 
200 ;. 15 
345 



Direction per 
compass. 



NE3. by N 
N. byE.. 



N by E to NE 

byN. 
NEbyNto NE 
NE to NE by 

E. 
NE. byE.,E. 

byN. 
ENE 



E by N, ENE 
ENE ... 



Nd.&Ed.,Nd. 

& Wd. 
NW, N.byE. 



NE by N, NE 
NE by E, NE 

byN. 
SE. to NE. by 

N. 
ESE., ENE., 
N. by E., E. 
E., ENE.... 

ENE 

NE. to ENE 
NE. to East 
NNW.toENE 
ENE., ESE.. 
AV 

Nd&Ed,SW, 

Variable 

SW., calm. . . 

N., NE 

Calm 



Sd.&Ed.,Sd 

and AVd. 
NW. to NNE. 
NW., NNE.. 

East, NW. 



N. by' 



Cu, cu S . . 



CuS.. 
Ci cu, ( 



N,cuS. 
N, cu S . 



Ci cu, cu S. 

N. 



Cu.cuS, N 

Cu, cu S, ci 
N,cuS... 
CuS, N.. 
CuS 

:cu, cu s . 

3CuS..:.. 

4CuS 

2CuS, N.. 
lS,cu 



1 N, cu S... 
1 CuS 
1 Cu S, N 
.. CuS... 



N, cu S... 



2 Cu . . . 

1 CuS.. 

1 Cu S, ( 



6Nd. & Ed 
5,Nd. & Ed 



8Nd. & Ed 
7Nd. & Ed 



Nd. & Ed 



Eastward , 
Eastward , 



bop. 
b c p r 



oqr. 



7Nd. & Ed 
6Nd. &. Ed, 



10 Sd. & 



8|Eastward 
10|Eastward . 
lOEastward 

8!Eastward 

OiNd . & Ed 

4'Nd. & Ed. b c... 

7iNd. & Ed. b c 

8;Nd. & Ed. b c p 

7iEastward . b 
Nd. & Ed 



9 a. m, 
4p.m, 



9a.m, 
4p.m, 



oqr 
p — b c 
b c p 



b c. 
oqr., 

be".! 



Force of vapor, 
and relative 
humidity. 



9 a. m, 
4p.m 



a. m 
4p. m 



9a 
4 p. m. 



Sd. & Wd, 
10 Nd. & Ed, 
SNd. & Ed 
10 Nd. & Ed 
9Nd. & Ed 
Nd. & Ed 
10 

9 
9 



oqr 4 p 



North 

Calm 

N. to ENE.. 



1 N, cu S. 

..'Cu 

2CuS, N. 



Sd. 


&Ed. 


Sd. 


& Ed. 


Nd 


&Ed. 


Nd 


& Ed. 


Sd. 


& Ed. 


Northward 



4 p. m 



Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. o 
Nd. & Ed. b 
Nd. & Ed.ib 



be 1. 
p.. 



9 a. m, 
4 p. Ill 



164 S. Doc. o9. 

Abstract log of the United Siatet surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut . 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction.! S 

1 


1 
Knots per Iiour. 


j 


Direction. 


1 
I 


1352. 
Hay. 

11 4 a rn 


Scnih. 


West. 


1 


j 






1 


Wert. 








1 


1 
















1 . . . 


j 
















! 

i 




1 
















1 




1 










8 








i 














13 4 a m 












1 


















































■■■| 


14, 4 a m 



















1 

....1 














































15 4 a m 

























8 21 Q 

North. 

23 5 0m... 

1 6 16"m... 

1 89 lo " 

1 40 r. .• 

1 49 12 G m... 
1 57 81 * a m.? 

1 51 1.3 " a. m..' 

1 59 40 " a. m./ 

2 20 " a. m . 
2 27 

2 29 21 e 

2 81 8 " m... 

2 46 43 " m... 

2 42 

2 24 82 © .... 
2 80 52 " m... 

2 42 81 " ra... 

8 17 59 " m... 

3 .39 

3 45 8 © 

3 SO 

8 27 80© m... 
3 85 81©m... 
3 49 

3 58 81 


4S 6 30 Q p. m. 


















8p. m 


48 11 14 " p m. 


















4S 42 53 " a. m. 




















a. m. 

4S 54 44 © 

p.m. 
4S 47 


N. 49° W. 


1.2 














8p. m 

IT, 4 a.m. 












OBO 


48 39 31 * p. ra. 
















48 89 22 © a. m 


















noon 

8p.m 


iS 13 41 " a. m. 
iS 2 55 " a. m. 


N. T2° W. 


0.9 




.... 






.... 






















7>^a.m... 
noon 


18 11 
















66 


a. m. 
IS 5 6© 

p.m. 
17 53 IS " p. m. 


V. 53° W. 


1.2 












8p. m 














19,4 a. ra 


43 6 10 " a. m. 


















IX&.va... 


47 59 
















060 


noon 


47 44 10 © a. m. 
47 45 2 " a. m. 


V. 77= W. 



1.3 












5.40 p. ni.. 














8p. m 


47 42 4S " a. m. 


















20,4a.m 


48 18 21 " a. m. 


















9 a. m 


4S 13 . 

















1440 


noon 


a. m. 
45 13 12 © 

p. m. 
45 


^J. 70° \V. 


2.4 












4p.m 













147 O 


8 p. m 


48 3 4 © p. m. 
















21,4 a. m 


48 5 16 " a. m. 


















8>s'a.m... 


48 8 
















1 8« O 


noon 


a. m. 

48 45© 

p.m. 


V. 68" W. 


1.8 



























S. Doc. 59. 165 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., air. 


Temp., water 


1 

1 


i 
1 

i 
Pi 


Winds. 






Vt^eather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




1 Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 


Clouds. 


humidity. 


jBaro- 
meter. 


. a 

5 !0 


a 


1 


J3 

1 


Direction per 
compass. 


Class. 


a 
& 

g .| 


3 


i 
I 

I 


1 

1 


29. SS 
29.84 

29.78 

29.73 7 
29 81 S 


5 




81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

89 
81 
81 

81 

82 
82 

81 

82 

81 










East 

E.,SE 

NNE 

Calm 

Variable.... 

Variable.... 

SSVP-.,SSE... 

SSE.,SE 

Calm 

NE,NEbyE. 

ENE 

N. toE 

ESE 

ESE. to ENE. 

NE. byE.... 

NE 

NE 


2CuS, N... 
lCuS,N...l 

IN 1 

.CuS,N...l 

ICicu.cuS. 

2CuS, ciS. 

2 N 1 

IN 1 

. CuS,N... 

2 CuS 

2 Cu, cu S . . 

3 CuS 

8 CuS 

8 Cu S, ci cu 

8 CuS 

8 CuS 

2Ci,cuS... 


ONd. &Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 










6 


74 










P 


9a.m 
4 p.m. 


22.58 
22.98 












Eastward . 
Eastward . 








Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 




4 












Eastward . 
8 Eastward . 

Sd. & Ed. 
9 


b c 

b c 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


23.94 
22.58 


9fi 


'>9 74 S 














96 


29 80 7 


8 












Nd. & Ed. 
Southward 
.... .... 
8Sd. A- Ed. 

Sd. & Ed. 
6 

Nd. &Ed. 
6Nd. &Ed. 
7Nd. &Ed. 
7 Eastward . 
7 Eastward . 

Eastward . 




29 82 7 


3 74 



75 










r 

bcp.... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


22.58 
22.62 


96 


29 74 8 














9 . 














29.83 8 


S 76 



83 












• 






29 80 8 










bcp.... 
b c 


4 p.m. 


22.93 


'5<Z 


29 78 7 
















29.87 8 


7 76 














b c 

b c 

b c 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


23.32 

.... 


88 


29 78 8 










81 


1 
29 79 S 















Nd. & Ed. 
5Nd. &Ed. 

7Nd. & Ed. 




29 84 8 


6 78 


82 










b c 




























29 85 8 


1 




83 
81 

80 

80 
SO 










NNE. toNE. 
NNE. to E... 

NNE. to NE. 

byE. 
Variable.... 
Calm 


2 Ci, cu S, N 
4CuS, N... 

3CuS,N... 

2 N 1 

. N, cu S... 


-Nd. &Ed. 

- Eastward . 

Eastward . 


u 








29.89 7 


8 .... 












h p fi n 










6 77 
8 ... 


73 










b c— q r 
q r 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


28.68 
22.58 


90 


29,82 7 










Nd. &Ed. 
9.... 0.,.. 
BSd. & Ed. 


OR 


29 80 7 


S 




































29.90 8 


4 77 
6 .... 


81 


82 
81 

80 










E by N to NE 
NE to E by N 

ENE 


2 Ci cu, cu S 
3CuS,N... 

5CuS,N... 


SNd. &Ed. 
Nd. &m. 


b c 


9 a.m. 


22.70 


81 


29 85 7 












29.80 8 










Eastward . 
Eastward . 
























Nd. & Ed. 












5 75 
3 


78 


81 
81 
81 








■ 58 ' 



ENE. to NE. 

bvE. 
E. byS 

E. by N. to 
E. by S. 


J Cu 3, ci . . . 

lCuS,N... 
t N 1 


Nd. & Ed. 


) c q-o q 


9 a.m. 




20.72 




29.84 7 


Eastward . 

5'Eastward . 
3 Eastward . 






1 .... 












29.85 T 


















1 


























29.908 


1 76 


81 


81 

'si 

81 








.... 


E by N, ENE . 

ene'.'.'.'!!;'. '; 

ENE. to ESE. 


3N,cu S... 

CaS.'.'.'.'.'. ' 
2N 


1 Eastward . 

S EaVt;raVd' ■. 
> Eastward . 


q r-b c 








29; 85 8 


4 p.m. 


28.82 


88 


29.80 7 
















::;:;: 




















"i-i m 


22.93 
21.96 


92 


29.86 8 


? 76 


79 


81 


... 






.... 


2. by S. to E. . 
byN. 


CuS, N... 


) Eastward . 


bcqp.. 


ip. in. 


83 



166 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States survey'mg bng Dolphin, Lieut . 





! 

Latitude. j Longitude. 

t 
I 


Surface currents. 


It. 








Varia- 
Uoo. 




From vessel. 


From bo 


Under currents. 


Dato. 


Direction.! S 

■2 

'1 


Direction. 


J 

I 

1 

c 




Direction. 


1 

E 


1852. 

May. 

31,8p. m 

22,4 a. m 


\ 
North. Wtst.^ 

4 7 2 m. ..'47 55 1 p. m. 
4 16 18 " m...'47 48 13 " a.m. 


j 






1 i 
1 1 
1 1 


^ West. 
1 85 


1 






1 1 


8Xa.m... 








1 1 


184 9 


4 .39 .31© i47 43 150 a.m. 

1 

5 18 29 " m... 47 56 11 " a.m. 

1 

5 51 87 " m...!4S 2 6 " a.m. 

6 87 43 " ;47 53 86© ^— 

1 p. m. 
G 43 '47 47 


N.88» W.| i.'s 

1 






1 1 


8p. m 

28,4a.m 

noon 






i 
















i 

N.ae" w.j 0.8 












4p. m 

8p. m 

a4,4a.m 

»a.m 








1 


8 59 


7 2 25 m.. .47 45 28 p.m. 

7 S4 31 " m... 47 51 14 " a.m. 
j 

7 57 43 " m. ..|47 61 24 " a. m. 

1 a. m. 

8 3 24 " m. . . 47 54 13 

! p. m. 
8 17 47 57 


1 








i 


I 














1 
















N.55= W.j 0.9 

1 














4Xp. m... 






1 




827 


8 n. m 


R «9 .qiff r. m '19. fi 91 >- n m 


1 






! 






■ ■ ■ 1 






1 








1 

a. m. 

8 53 25 " 47 49 7 O 

9 3:3 59 " m...J47 35 54* p. Si 
10 31 25 * a. m. 47 41 16 O a. m. 
10 33 13 " a. m. 47 40 " a. m. 

10 52 39 '47 83 30 ^— 

© m. 1 p. m. 

11 n 42 47 37 43 '' p.m. 

dprn.; 


West n fi 






1 






sp.i 

6.80 a. m.. 










1 














i 






1 






1 






noon 


N.6r W. 1.0 














Sp. m 












856 © 










1 
1 


87,4 a. m 112 42 4 rn in 47 49 9.T ,Ti a m 


1 








1 






1 a.m. 

13 49 8 " ;48 6 11© 

p. m. 

14 24 '48 26 


N. 67° W. 


9 














4Xp.m... 
8p. m 
















6 


14 51 SI© m... '43 .38 9 p.m. 

14 49 49 " m...4S 53 3G " a.m. 

a. m 

14 43 13 " 48 58 80 © 

j p. m 

15 15 " m...'4S 53 80 — 

1 P-ni 
15 49 4 


I 












28,4 a.m. .. 


1 

















West 1 0.7 

1 














1.45 p.m.. 
4 p. m. 














1 












425 


8p. m 


1?; 9S r,T ^ m JO b 90 * n m 


' 












89, 4am li?i sq <>q ^ o m /iq i i r>=> o I> m 


i 








1 






1 a. m 
16 4 19 49 29 53 

15 55 40 m... '49 34 2 " p! m 

15 61 50 " m...49 84 86 " p. m 

1 
15 51 50 " m...49 40 2 " p. m 


West ! 0.8 

I 
























4.35 p. m. 


i 














6.40 p.m. 










1 


V" 










S. Doc. 59. 167 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., ail-. 


Temp., water. 


i 

1 


i 

i 
i ' 

s 












Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relatiy© 




1 


Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 


Winds. 


Clouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 




a" 


3 


5 
1 


Direction per 
compass. 


1 


Class. 


2 

s 
i 


1 




1 
> 


1 


29 81 


80 
79 






81 
81 










NNE. to East 
E.toNEbyE 


1 

8CuS, N... 
8CuS,N... 


9,Eastward . 
SjEastward . 


bcp q.. 
bcp q. 








29.77 




















.... 




















29 86 88 


76 


78 


SO 
81 

80 
SO 










ENE. to NE. 

byN. 
NE. by E. to 

NE. by N. 
E by N, ENE 

ENE. to E. by 

S. 


8CuS,N... 
4CuS,N... 

4CuS,N... 
4CuS, N... 


9 Eastward . 


op q... 

q r 

bcp q.. 

q r... 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


28.82 

22.98 


88 


1 
29.&478 










10 
S 
10 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 
Eastward . 


92 


29.83 79 














29 90 


SO 




78 










9 a.m. 


21.65 


84 














^29 86 


79 
79 

84 

86 






80 
80 

80 

81 










E by N to SE 

byE. 
E.byN 

NE 


2CuS,N... 

2CU.S 


8 
1 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 


bean 








29.88 






















•39 87 






[78 
75 
171 
[67 


10 

SO 
200 
845 




1970 


' 






9 a.m. 


22.70 


81 


29.80 


77 


.... 





E. to NE . . . . 


Oi cii- cii S 


9 


Eastward . 


b c qp. . 












1 ^^■ 




4 p.m. 


22.93 


<V> 


29 84 


:: 






80 
80 

80 
81 
80 
SO 
SO 

79 
79 

78 










E. by N. to 

NE. by E. 

NEbyE,ENE 

KE. to ENE. 
E. to E. by N 
E. to E.byN 

East 

E. to ENE... 
E.byN 

E.byN 

E.byN 

E.byN 


s'ci cu, cu S 
s|cuS,N... 

4 Hn S M ^,1 


8 
9 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 


b c q 




29 86 












29 90 


77 


SO 










Sd. & Ed. 
Sd. & Ed. 


b c...'..[Oa.m. 


22.31 


84 


29.86 










4 
4 


Ci cu, cu S, 

N. 
CuS N 


Nd. & Ed. 
Eastward . 

Eastward . 


29 86 




















29.69 






<69 


80 
200 
346 


1- 





4 
4 
4 

4 






9 a.m. 


21.69 


77 


29 90 


77 


88 


500 


Cu S, ci cu, 

N. 


7 


Nd. & Ed. 


^ 


29.88 85 


72 


345 







Eastward . 




4 p.m. 


21.69 


77 


29.90 82 


1855 


n.i S n\ .<J 


8 
9 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 

Eastward . 


be 


29.92 79 














5jCuS;n... 
5CuS,N... 










29.98 82 














o-bcpq 


9 a.m. 


22.27 


92 
















86.04 81 






78 
78 

79 
79 










E.byN.,E.. 
East 

East 

E.byN 


5CiS,cu S. 
5iCuS,N... 

1 
5 On S. c\ S 


8 
5 

8 


Eastward . 
Eastward . 

Eastward . 


b cm. .. 
bcm-qp 

be 


4 p.m. 


22.81 


84 


80.08 78 














80.06 84 


76 












9 a. m. 


21.65 


84 


80.09 86 


C7S 
)77 

ho 


10 
80 
200 







5 












250 










4 p.m. 


21.34 


81 


80.1080 






78 
78 

78 

78 

78 

78 










E.byN, ENE 
E.byN 

ENE 

East 

East 


5 
6 

5 
5 


Cu 

Cu 

Cu, cu S, N 


5 
6 

8 


Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 

Eastward . 


b c 


80. 08^78 






















80.26 82 

80.08 82 


74 


77 


IS 


80 
200 
845 


^■ 




500 


540 


560 


bcqp.. 


9 a.m. 
4 p.m. 


20.64 
20.95 


SO 


»„.J. 






84 


1 

80.16 80 






















1 



























168 



Abstract log 



S. Doc. 59. 

of ihe United States surveying brig Dolphin^ 



Lieut . 





Latitude. 




Surface current. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under cnrrenU. 


Date. 


Longitude. 


Direction. 


1 

S 


Direction. 


1 

1. 
S 
i 


J 


Direction. 


1 

i 
1 


1852. 
May. 

29,6.50 p.m.. 

8p. m 

30, 4 a. m 


Xorth. 

15 50 10 m... 
15 56 10 " m... 
15 23 6 " m... 

15 10 5 " m... 

14 45 37 " 

14 20 49 " m... 

14 11 3 " m... 
13 85 8 " m... 

13 28 25 " m... 

13 4 42 " 

12 47.30 '' m... 
12 40 45 " m... 

12 6 20 .+ a. m. 
11 46 20 G 

11 47 14 " m... 

11 54 40 " m... 

12 21 15 ■* a. m. 

12 21 25 " a. m. 

12 21 24 G 

12 20 17 " m... 

12 21 54 •' m... 
18 19 29 " m... 

14 10 25 " 


West. 

49 S9 20 p. m. 

49 49 28 " p. m. 

50 29 S ' a. m. 

50 34 33 " a. m. 

a. m. 

51 1 37 

p.m. 

51 24 51 " p. m. 

51 37 24(r*p.m. 

52 20 * a m 
















Wext. 


























"\ 








6 15 a.m.. 


















N. 68»W. 


0.5 




t 
i 








4.46 p.m.. 




I 
















1 








81,4a.m. ... 
















5a.m 


52 26 40 " a. m. 

a. m. 

52 44 23 O 

p.m. 

52 57 52 " p. m. 
58 13 5 d p. m. 

53 40 19 % a. m. 








■■■■!"■■■ 






1 16 




N. 28" W. 


0.6 












































Jun<: 








I 

1 
1 










a. m. 

53 34 1 O 

p.m. 

53 4.S 56 " p. m. 

53 65 22 * p. m. 

54 1 16 * a. m. 


N. 59^ W. 


n s 




1 








3.80 p.m.. 






1 
1 






044 ® 


8p.m 




















1 








6.15 a.m.. 


54 7 4 " a. m. 

54 29 21 £. '- — '- 








1 







108 




N. 77^ W. 


0.6 




1 






1M>p. m.. 


p.m. 

54 48 63 " p. m. 

55 9 24 " p. ra. 

54 56 59 d a. m. 

a.m. 

54 46 21 f:5 






; 
















....i.... 








8,4 a. m 


















N. 10* W. 


0.6 














0.40 p.m.. 


1 P-m. 

14 14 8 O m. . . '64 45 45 o; - — '■ 














5X p. m... 


14 84 

14 54 1 * p. m. 


p.m. 
64 42 ... 














1 80 


8p. m 


54 89 82 p. m. 















S. Doc. 59. 169 

Samuel Phillijys Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



T 


emp. 


air 


Temp., water 




.S 


Winds. 








Weather 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Mast- 
head. 




Under 
surface. 


Qouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


















g 




i 




1 


a 

to 


a 


i 


a 


j 


i 
1 


i 

c 


Direction per 
compass. 


i 
1 


Class. 


§ 

1 


.2 




K 


1 

Si 


1 



















East 

NE., East... 
E. byN.,E.. 

East 


5 
5 
5 

4 
















1 
80.19 7S 


1 




78 
78 






' 


500 


Cu, cu S . . 
Cu, cu S, N 


8 
8 


Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 


b c mc]. 
b 0— qp 








, 1 
80 C6 71 




















1 






! 75 


10 

80 
200 
345 


10 





9 a.m. 


20.64 


80 










1 VO 
68 


500 










SO CS8S 


75 



79 


79 

78 










East 

E.byS 


5 

,1 


CuS,N... 


9 


Eastward.. 


bean 








1 

29 99 78 


|5 


10 

80 


IS 







4 p.m. 


21 84 


81 


1 








845 




564 
















29 98 7S 






78 








E.byS.,ESE. 
E.byN 


A, 


CuS 





Eastward 


b c 








29.9179 


1 




79 










4 


Cu, cu S . . 


5 


Eastwa,rd 


b.. 














f78 


10 























79 


■ 72 


80 
200 
845 


14 




E. byN 


' 










q 


21.84 


81 








1960 












29.92 84 




81 


79 
79 








E.byN 

East 


4 
4 


Cu 












80.10 84 




10 
80 
200 
845 


IG 


2780 









4 p.m. 


21.34 


SI 


















29.98 80 






79 










E., E.byN.. 


4 


Cu, cu S . . 


6 


Eastward.. 


be 








1 
80.00 T9 
















E. byN.,E.. 
E., E.byN.. 
















1 
29.98 85 






70 










/\ 


Cu S, cu, ci 

S. 


1 '^'^"^"^^- - - 

TWnafwnrrl 'h C 


9am 


21. C8 


77 


1 








[78 


10 
















29.97 87 
i 

1 


77 


88 


'^U7 

|78 


200 
845 


13 




NE. byN... 


^ 
















1000 




29.9182 






' 










NE. byN... 
E.byN.,E.. 


8 Cu 

8Cu, cu S.. 


7 Eastward., 

6 T5;1H(wnirl 


b c... 








30.00 80 










bcm 














[78 


10 





1000 














80 18 80 






79 r^ 


80 






8 




1 


9 a.m. 


21. C9 


77 








'''ji72 2001 
7-2| 845 


80.10 87 


77 


84 


8ll^...[.... 

I[79 10 

o, 76 SI) 

^^ 1 72; 200 


.... 




2570 


East 


8 Cu, ci . . . . 





Kislward.. 


be 








89 0^86 




4 p.m. 


21 .84 


81 













1 




1 
1 


30.00 82 






80 ! 






4 Cu, cu S . . 
1 

5 Ci, cu S, N 
1 

4 Ci cu, cu P 


c 










1 
80.0182 






to! 


i 1 


'East 


Eastward.. 




! i 


1 
80.C4S0 


71J 


So 


70 ' 


...!....!.... 


'e. byN 


b c 


9 a.m.' 21.84 


SI 


30.11 S7 




1 
1 


!(-9' ml 1 

C-.y I 70; Sl)j 



845 


E. i;y N 




' 




1 










i 


1 








^ i i 










j 




81 


80.18 82 




.... 


TO 






... 




K. by N . ! . . . 


4 


:u S, ci cu 


■7 


Ea.slw;ird.. 


bum... 





170 



S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States sitrveyhig hrig Dolpldn , LieiU . 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


■3 

1 



Direction. 


2 

1 


1 


Direction. 


1. 

S 


c 


1S52. 
June. 


15 32 47 om... 
15 25 7 " m... 

15 26 16 " 

15 2S 

15 37 4 * p. m. 

15 52 8 " a. m. 

15 53 39 " a. m. 

16 2 50 

16 15 42 * p. m. 
16 40 6 m... 

16 48 22 " m... 

16 50 54 " 

16 43 22 " m... 

16 50 S -Jf p. m. 

16 37 52 " a. m. 
16 27 

16 44 110 

16 42 11 " m... 

16 41 5S Jf p. m 

17 89 82 d *a m 
IS 9 

IS 3S ISG 

19 2 36 " m. . . 

19 7 52 ;^ p. m 

19 53 59(I*a m 

20 12 30 d *a m 

20 43 57 G ... . 

21 18 44© m... 


West. 

54 3S 55 d a. m. 

55 1 23 © a. m. 

a.m. 
55 4 48 G 

p.m. 
55 30 
















Wi-st. 


10 a m 




















N. GO«W.. 


0.0 














4% p.m... 
8p. m 












2 2 


55 52 36 * p. m. 

56 40 14 d a. m. 






















1 






















1 25 




a.m. 

57 20 33 © 

p. m. 
.5S 6 19 * p. m. 

5S 5 11 d a. m. 

5S 5 59 d a. m. 

a. m. 

58 33 41 


N. 31° W. . 


0.2 












Sp. m 

6,4 a. m 
















































S 78° W 


0.0 














4p. m 

Sp.m 

7, 4 a. m 

7»4 a m 


p.m. 
58 54 34 O p m. 
















5S 57 25 " p. m. 

58 50 53 * a. m. 
58 44 

































'oio'e 




a. m 

58 45 27 © 

p.m 

59 6 23 " p. m 

59 20 54 * p. m 

59 29 4 * a. m 
59 29 




West 














4.10 p. m. . 














1 01 


8 p. ni 

8, 4 a. m 














































49 © 




59 30 50 — 
p.m 

59 33 20 " p. m 

59 83 51 ** p. m 
59 38 18 a. m 


N. 8.8°W.. 

i 


0.7 












4 p. m 














8 p. m 


1 






! 








9,4a.m 


1 
















7a. m 


59 33 52 " a. m 

59 38 2 © — 
p.m 

59 36 10 " p. m 


1 


















IN. 44°W.. 


0.7 


























2 43 © 



















S. Doc. 59. 171 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



1 


emp., air 


Temp., water 


i 
1 


1 
1 

g. 
P 


Winds. 










Force of vapor. 




Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 


Clouds. 


Weathei 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 


a 

to 


a 
p. 

05 


B 

i 


J 


Direction per 
compass. 

p 


Class. 




i 

g 

1 



1 


1 
1 


a 


80.06 8 






78 
79 
79 










E. byN 

East 

East 


4 Cu S, cu . . 


7 


Eastward.. 










30.108 






[79 
J 78 
176 
[73 


10 
80 
200 
845 


10 


3020 




9a.m 


21.84 


. 


80.208 


7T 


82 





4CuS 


7 


Eastward.. 
















4 p.m. 


21.34 


SI 


sb.kk 






79 

80 

79 

SO 
79 

78 

79 

79 

80 

80 
79 










East 

East 

East 

E.byN 

East 

E., E.byN.. 

E.byN 

E.byN 

E.byN 

E.byN 

E.byN.,E.. 


4 Cu, cu S . . 
4Cu 

4 


7 
5 


Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 


cni 


30.00 8] 







[79 
72 

[64 
















1 

80 0T8( 






10 

200 
845 


18 







9 a.m. 


22.00 


81 


80.08 8f 


Ti 




1000 


4 Cu, cu S . . 

3 Cu, cu S . . 

4 Cu, cu S . . 


7 
5 


Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 




30.05 8C 










b c 


4 p.m. 


20.97 


77 


29.91 8C 






i 


10 
80 
200 
845 







80.00 8C 








9 a.m. 


20.97 


77 


80.05 86 


79 


82 


845 


3 Cu, cu S . . 
4 


6 


Eastward.. 


b c 


80.00 85 


79 

76 

■ 74 
70 


10 
80 
200 
845 









4 p.m. 


20.41 


70 


30.04 82 






8200 


4 Cu S, cu . . 
4 Cu S, cu . . 


: 


Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 




80.0680 












































80.0185 


78 


82 


79 

80 

79 
79 










E.,ENE 

East 

E.byN.,E.. 
ENE 


3 Cu, cu S . . 
3 


6 


Eastward.. 










30.04 85 


li 

74 


10 
80 
800 
345 


17 







4 p.m. 


20.72 


74 


30.0184 






1000 


3 Cu, cu S . . 

4 Cu, cu S . . 


1 


Eastward.. 
Eastward.. 




29.99 80 




































■' 


9 a.m. 


19.38 


73 


30.02 86 


79 


83 


79 

79 

79 
79 
79 
79 

79 










ENE 

ENE 

ENE., NE. by 

E. 
ENE, E by N. 

ENE 

ENE, E by N. 

E.byN 


4 Cu S, cu . . 


■i 
4 

1 


Eastward.. 


b c 


30.02 84 


[79 
77 
f74 
[71 


10 
80 
200 
345 




8300 




4 p.m. 


20.38 


77 


80.02 82 









3 Cu, cu S . . 
4CuS,N... 


6' 


Eastward.. 




80.00 80 














Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed. 










30.04 83 


78 


81 


75 


200 









9am 


19.65 


76 


30.00 84 


1000 


4 Ci cu, cu S. 


S 


Eastward.. 








80.04 83 


[79 

75 

173 

[71 


10 
80 
200 
345 





1200 
















'1 


j 













172 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States surveijing brig Dofphm, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Long.tude. 


Surface current*. 








Varia- 
tion. 




Prom vessel. 


From boat. 


Under current;!. 


Date. 


Direction. 


i 
1. 

1 


Direction. 


1 




i 

Direction. S 

!i 

1 a 


1852. 

June. 

9,8p. m 

10,4 a. m 

7.15 a.m.. 


yortfi. 

21 29 47 ra... 

22 23 9(I*am. 

23 38 69 " a. m. 

23 34 

23 85 33 " m... 

23 43 81 * p. m. 

24 33 34(1 a.m. 

24 36 4S " a. m. 


n'est. 
59 81 80 ♦ p. ra 
59 32 21 * a. m 
59 20 9 a. m 

59 26 10 - — 
p. Ul 

59 25 9 " p. m 
59 35 36**p.m 
59 4T 59 a. m. 

59 49 19 " a. m. 












1 ,"" " 


. '***'■ 




1 








1 




1 








1 




N. 57»W. 


0.7 










1 




6.25 p.m.. 
Sp. m 










1 
















1 
















i 






















7Xa. m... 
















8 


25 11 210 

25 45 13 " m... 

).?, ^9. la " m 


59 59 43 ^— 

p.m. 

60 6 43 " p. m. 

69 9 12 " p. m. 


West 


1.1 












6.15 p.m.. 
8 pm. 












C 2 
















12,4 a. m '26 27 36D. R... 

e.lOa. m.. 26 32 21 " 


















60 6 51 " a. m. 

a. m. 

60 8 89 

p. m. 
60 2 


















noon 26 22 5 " 


N.77=W.. 


0.5 














4»ip.m...26 5 

8p. m '25 33 49 * p.m. 

13, 4 a m ^25 56 " a m 












6 10 


60 4 54 p. m. 

60 29 43(1 a.m. 

a. m. 
60 44 57 

p. m. 


































noon '24 86 42 O . . . 


N. 77-" W. 


0.5 














43^ p.m... '24 16 

Sp. m 24 8 13 * p. m. 

14, 4 a. m '24 13 9© m... 












5 87 


61 4 G * p. m. 
































noon '24 19 39 " 


a. ra. 

61 40 80 

p.m. 

61 43 81 " p. m. 
61 44 8 :4c p m 


N. 47" W. 


0.5 














8.23p.m.. 24 11 8 " m... 

7.10 p.m.. 24 13 l*p.m. 

8p. m '24 13 24 " p.m. 

15,4a. m 24 2T 14© m... 

S.SOa. m..24 27 20 " m... 

noon '24 27 40 " 

8.9jp.m..!24 23 IS " m... 


NE. by E . 


1.0 








8 82 


61 50 " p m 


















62 43 56 D H 


















62 55 14 " 


















63 8 27 p. m. 
63 29 45 " p. m. 


N. ICE.. 
































1 















S. Doc. 59. 173 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 





Temp., air. 


Temp., watei 


1 


c 

a 
3 

i 
t 


Winds. 






Weathe 


Force of vapor, 
and relative 




Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface 


Clouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 
meter. 

c 


. a 

5 o 


a 


"S 

a 


1 


Direction per 

compass. 


Class. 


a 

! 1 


i 
3 


1 
> 

"3 
fa 


^ 


80.14 8 






79 

78 
78 

79 

79 

78 
78 

78 










E.byN., E.. 
E. to ENE... 
East 

E., E.byN.. 

EXE 

E byN., ENE 
NE.byE.... 

NE.byE.... 


4CuS 

5CuS,N... 
4 


8 Eastward 
1 
7 Eastward 










80.167 


8 


















80.248 


. . 




(77 


ic 

80 
20t 


1- 




800 


358 


600 




9a.m 


19.88 


74 


SO. 21 8 


4 75 
2 


80 


4 Cu 

5 


8 Eastward. 






80.18 8 


h2 


K 

80 
200 


V 




4p. m 


20.83 


7T 


1 
30.12 8 






5Ci, cuS... 
5 Cu, cu S . . 

C 


8Ea3tward 
6Nd. &Ed. 






80.13 7 


g 




75 
7.3 
[71 


10 
80 
200 
345 















80.22 7 








4p.m 


20.00 








534 



SO 


80.20 8 


5 74 


81 


78 

77 

77 

76 

76 

■76 
76 

78 










520 


550 


NE. hy E., E. 
byN. 

E.byN 

E.byN 

E. by N., SE. 
byE 

E.byN 

Variable.... 

w.Vexe'.;;; 

ENE 

ENE 


6 Cu S, ci cu. 
5 


Nd. & Ed. 
7 


be 




30.15 8 


72 


200 




Eastward . 




4 p.m. 


22.81 


84 


30.19 7 


) 




6 Ci, cu S, N 
3 CuS 1 

3 


Eastward . 






80.14 7 














Nd. & Ed. 
OSd. & Ed. 










30 15 7 




76 


[70 


10 
80 
200 
342 




3825 




9 a.m. 


21.57 


90 


30.14 8 





2 Ci cu, ca S. 

^ N,'cu,cuSl 
3CuS,N... 
5 CuS 


Sd. & Ed. 






*30.'i27. 










Eastward. 

9 Variable ! '. 
^Nd. & Ed. 

Eastward . 
7 Eastward . 


q r 1 1— 
be 


4 p.m. 


21.23 


96 


80.10 7, 








80.04 81 


75 


77 










b c 


9 a. m. 


20.80 


S3 


30.04 7t 






76 
77 

77 

78 

78 
78 

78 
78 










E. toSE 

SE. by S., SE. 

SE., SE. by S. 

Variable 

East 

Variable, E. . 
ESE., SE.... 

NW. by N. . . 

Variable.... '' 

3E i 


lCuS,N... 
' Cu, cu S . . 
5Cu, cu S.. 

5 


5 Eastward. 

6 Eastward. 
7Sd. & Ed. 


bcqp.. 
b c 


4 p.m. 


20.95 


84 


# ( 
83.04 7fc 
















30.04 81. 
80.08 Sn 


75 


77 


i 72 


10 
80 
200 
346 




3453 




350 


b c 


9 a.m. 


20.95 


S4 


S0.058D 






3 






4 p.m. 


20.95 


84 


80.00 sn 








5 CuS 

5 CuS 


3 Eastward. 
1 Eastward. 






29.95 78 










83.05 75 






70 
71 
69 
08 


10 
89 
200 
345 


9 




453 


or 


9 a.m. 


22.18 


100 


30.0S7C 


75 


75 


N 1 


iSd. & Ed. 




83.00 80 


!i 


10 

8r>I 


2 





) c 11 








1 






345| 1 


1000 

















174 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig Dolphin, Lieut . 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface current. 








Varia- 
Uon. 




From vesseL 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


1 

i 

a 


Direction. 


i 

o 
£4 


c. 


DirecUon. 


1 

I 
1 


1852. 
June. 

15,8p.m 

16,4 a. m 

noon 

8p. m 

17,4 a. m 


24 3-2 19 m... 

24 .36 26 " m... 

24 34 1 " 

24 88 56 " m... 

24 35 20 * a. m. 

24 88 

24 32 3 

24 33 46 " m... 

24 34 " m... 
24 47 56 * a. m. 

24 43 20 " a. m. 


63 48 37 p. m. 

64 25 21 " a. m. 














! West. 

1 


















a.m. 
64 24 86 

p.m. 
64 42 33 * p. m. 

64 56 4 * a. m. 

65 3 


N.4°E... 


0.8 












2 15 


















7% a m 
















2 17 


noon. . . 


a. m. 
65 13 33 O 

65 31 58 " p! m. 

65 30 25 " p. m. 
65 22 14 * a. m. 

a. m. 
65 15 49 

p.m. 

65 20 49 " p. m. 
65 14 12 * a. m. 

a.m. 
64 48 17 

p.m. 

64 59 27 * p. m. 

65 16 54 * a. m. 

65 12 180* am. 

65 12 48 " a. m. 
65 10 16 " a. m. 
65 11 22 " a. m. 

65 55 42 o a. m. 

66 18 


N. 4.3'^ W. 


0.8 












5.80 p.m.. 
8p. m 


WSW .... 


0.3 






















18, 4 a. m 


















noon 


N.17°W.. 


0.9 


























2 26 e 


8p. m 


p. m. 
24 44 28 p. m. 

24 57 52 * a. m. 

25 1 34 

24 55 32 4^ p. m. 
24 41 28 " a. m. 

24 36 46 " a. m. 

24 39 40 

24 34 10 " m... 

24 35 " m... 

25 3 19 " m... 

25 8 

25 13 19 

25 14 13 " m... 

25 32 9 " m... 

25 44 56 " m... 

26 17 .34 " 

26 32 38 " m... 

26 48 * p. m. 

27 19 12 " a. m. 
27 21 24 " a. m. 


19,4 a. m 
















noon 


N. 11° W. 


1.0 














8p. m 














20, 4 a. m 


















9 a. m 






NW.byN. 


1.0 










noon. . . . 


N. 25° W. 


0.7 










7p. m 

8 p. m 











t. .. 


8 26 O 


21,4 a. m 


















7;*S'a. m... 






I 








20 5 




66 52 20 a. m. 

66 57 12 " a. m. 

67 1 3 " a. m. 

67 4 13 " a. m. 

a.m. 
67 23 49 

p.m. 

67 33 7 " p. m. 

67 35 7 * p. m. 

68 4 "6 * a m 


N. 6° W.. 












0.40 p.m.. 




1 








< 


8p.m 






1 










22,4 a.m. 






1 












N. 77^ E.. 


0.7 


1.... 












i 










8p. m 






1 










23,4 a.m.. 






1 










4.35 a. m.. 


68 6 3 " a. m. 




.... 


WSW .... 


0.6 


^10 

J SO 


SW 

SW 


0.8 
1.2 




2 6 e 



S. Doc. 59. 175 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States navy, commander — Continued. 



{Baro- 
meter 



SO. 12 
80.06 



SO. 00 
80.04 



80.10 
30.06 



29 

80.01 
30.01 
30.02 



Temp., air. 



Under 
surface. 



South 

S. toSSW... 

SSW 

SbyWtoSE. 



Calm, J 

ESE... 



Dkection per 
compass, 



SSE., ESE.. 
SE to SE by ] 



S.byEtoSE, 
to SSE.... 

l.byS.toS, 
byB 

SSE 

SSE 



SE. byE. 



ESE., to S. by 

E 

South 



SSE. to S. by 



S.byW.^W 



S. to N. by 
way of W 
iW.,WbyS 



W. by S. 



W. bv 

SSW. 



CuS,N. 
CuS, N. 
CuS, ci. 
CuS, N. 
Cu 



Cu 

CuS.N. 



Cu, cu S, N 



Cu S, cu . 
Cu S, cu . 



Ci cu, cu . . 
Cu, cuS,N 



CuS, N... 



OuS. 
CuS. 



CuS, N., 
Cu S, cu . 
Cu, cu S , 



CuS,N. 
Cu, cu S 



& Ed. 
Sd. &Wd. 



Southward 
Southward 



Southward 
Southward 



b c... 
b cp .. 
b c 



be— p 
qtl 



Southward 
Southward 



Southward 
Southward 



Nd. &Wd 
Sd.&Wd. 



Sd.&Wd 
Southward 



b c 

bcirtp. 



b c 1 t q 



b c p q. 
bcml. 
b c m. . 



rce of vapor, 
and relative 
humidity. 



4 p.m. 



21.65 
21.96 



4 p. m. 



176 S. Doc. 59. 

Abstract log of the United States surveying brig Dolphin^ Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface currents. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


UnilcT currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 




Direction. 


i 

i 

1 


1 


Direction 


1 

1 


1853. 
June. 


Aorth. 
27 ,^T .5.q rn 


West. \ 
« ' " a.m.l 


0.3 












Wf^t. 


4% p.m.. .'27 55 

Sp.m 2S .S 5:4= ,.. m. 


p. m 
68 22 














3 47 


68 27 14 p. m 

68 50 39 * a. m 

69 4 8 a. m 

a. m 
















24, 4 a. m 

8.45 a.m.. 


28 35 59 •' a. m. 

28 56 12© m... 

29 3 30 " 














:::;i:;::::: 1 




N. 12'' W 


0.3 


NE 


0.8 


J 10 

^80 


NE 

EXE .... 


O.fl 

1.2 




8p. m 

25 4 a m 


29 47 15(I+pm.'69 39 ln " n m 
















30 31 43 m... 

30 8S 3S " m... 
81 12 4 " 

31 53 " m... 

32 4 " m... 

83 16 33 " m... 

32 49 13 " 

.38 3 10 " m... 

33 22 55 " m... 
.33 23 28 " m... 

84 2 52D. R... 

34 -88 14 * p. m. 

85 24 81 " p. tn. 

.85 47 45 0ni... 

28th. 
85 51 3©m... 

3G " 


70 5 84 * a. m 

70 10 4 " a. m. 

a. m. 

TO 26 50 

p.m. 

70 59 43 " p. m. 

71 8 20 " p. m. 
71 83 20 D R 


















5 10 a m 
















2 19 




N. 4^E... 


0.3 












6 p. m 

26,4a.ni 














































72 1 38 " 


















2.45 p.m.. 

7.20 p. m.. 
8p. m 

27,4 a. m 


72 14 8 " 


















72 81 14 " . 


















72 81 38 " 


















73 6 38 " 


















73 45 42 * p. m. 


• 
















8p. m 

midnight . . 


73 41 18 * p. m. 


















73 S9 54 a. m. 


















28,4a.m. ... 


2Sth. 








1 i 








73 51 S7 

73 59 " p. m. 


N. 840 E . 

1 


0.5 

.... 












4.40 p.m.. 


30 4 21 " m... 


r^ast 


o.s 


il 


NE 

\li 


o.s 

'1 





S. Doc. 59. 177 

Samuel Phillips Lee, United States 7iavy, commander— rContimied. 



Temp., water. 



Under 
surface. 



Dii-ection per 
compass. 



Force of vapor, 
and relative 
humidity. 



).10 

).02 79 



30.10 

80.10 
80.06 
80.04 

30.04 

80.02 

29.96 

80.00 

80.05 

80.15 

80.12 



29.94 
29.90 



&.,S.byW. 

by W . . . 

S. byW.,S. 
IV. by W., 

sw. 
sw . . . . 



Cu 

Cu, cu S . 



Sd. &Wd. 
Southward 



4p. m 
9 a.m. 



Cu... 
Cu S, cu . . 
CuS, cu.. 



Southward 
Sd. &Wd. 
Sd. & Wd. 



[«' 



SW 

sw.,wsw. 

sw. by W.. 
SW.byW.. 



SW. by W. 

NNW. 



NE 

NE.byE.... 



ENE. 



NE. to E. by 

N. 



Ci cu, cu S 
Ci, cu S, N 
CuS,N... 



E. by N. 



N. by E. ta 
NNW. 



N. by E., 



Sd. &Wd, 
. &Wd 



b c m. 



Nd. & Ed. 
Nd. & Ed, 



o qlt 1 
op q. 



Southward 
Westward. 



Sd. & Ed. 
Sd. & Ed 



Cu S, N. 



CuS.... 
Cu S, ci i 



Nd. &Wd, 
Eastward 



16 



178 



S. Doc. 59. 



Abstract log of /he United States survcijiitg brig Dolphin,, Lieut. 





Latitude. 


Longitude. 


Surface cuirent. 








Varia- 
tion. 




From vessel. 


From boat. 


Under currents. 


Date. 


Direction. 


s 
2 

1 

o 


DirecUon. 


9 

o 


5. 


Direction. 


i 

i 
1 


1852. 
June. 

88,8p. m 

59,4a.ni 


Nnrth. 
o . >■ 


in-s/. 

7S 59 9 * n. m. 


■ 














Wfst. 














1 a. m. 
36 59 41 " 7i28 29© 

1 p.m. 
'j7 85 34 * p. ra. 74 27 53 " p. m. 

1 
33 6 18 O m 74 \A SS •' a m 


West 


0.3 


! 1 

1 1 
1 






3p.ni 

80 4 a m 


1 i 












! ! 








1}ia.m... 


38 14 


74 15 .... 






1 j 






486© 


a.m. 


1 


' 1 






Sp.m 


i p. m. 
39 22 10 " m "3 M 1 " n m 


1 


1 1 












1 


1 1 









S. Doc. 59. 179 

Samuel Phillip Lee, UiiUed States navij, commayider — Continued. 





Teuap., air. 


Temp., water. 


i 

i 

1 


■a 

i 

1 












Weathei 


Force of vapor, 
i.iid relaiive 




^ 

^ 


Mast- 
head. 


1 


Under 
surface. 




Clouds. 


humidity. 


Baro- 

iue.er. 




a 


i 

s 




Direction per 
compusi. 


'i 


Class. 


§ 

(5 


Direction from. 


i 


1 
o 

fa 


•A 




V> 






70 

C3 

G3 
C3 
6T 










N. toNE.... 














25.9JTa 
23.94 76 










1 


SE. to SW. . 


1 

2Ci.cuS. .. 

1 

SCuS 


• 


Sd. &Wd. 


bcml 








C7 


CD 








E.,ESE 

NE.toSE... 

S. to SSW., 
WNW. 


<d. & Ed. 
Sd. & Ed. 




9 a.m. 


16.78 

17.02 


91 

8T 


29.87 TU 
29 S3 7i) 




1 1 


1 1 1 
3CuS '10 Northward 

2 Cu S, ci cu 9 Eastward . 

1 1 




1 




1 








1 














1 
29.95 75 

1 
23 79 70 


.... 


::. 






""\""\ 


WNW.,SSW. 
S. byV/ 


1 

2 Cu S, ci S. 
1 

3 f!ii .«?. rn 


1 

8 Eastward . 

8 Southward 


bcfm.. 


9 a.m. 


16.16 


82 












1 1 






_ 











180 S. Doc. 59. 



INSTRUCTIONS. 



Navy Department, July 7, 1851. 

Sir: The object of the service for which the Dolphin is fitting, is for 
" testing new routes, and perfecting the discoveries made by Lieutenant 
Maury in the course of his investigations of the winds and currents of 
the ocean," as per act of Congress, approved March 3, 1849. 

This is an important service, and one that requires patient, attentive, 
and laborious observations. 

The department has selected you to command on this occasion, on 
account of its high appreciation of your qualifications and fitness for 
the work to be done; it is expected, therefore, that you, as well as the 
other officers of the Dolphin, will bestow upon the duty which has been 
assigned you the utmost diligence and the most assiduous attention. 

The subjects of observation which will command your particular at- 
tention are : 

1st. The force and direction of the winds; the hourly state of the 
weather, and all the meteorological conditions connected therewith, as 
thermal, dynamical, barometrical, and the like. 

2d. The force and set of currents, their depth and width, their tem- 
perature, and the position of their edges or limits. 

3d. Hourly observations upon the temperature of the surface water. 

4th. Frequent observations upon the temperature of the ocean at 
various depths. 

5th. Deep-sea soundings. 

6th. Vigias, and all dangers about wliich there are doubts either as 
to existence or position. 

7th. Transparency and saltness, or the specific gravity of sea water 
in the different parts of the ocean. 

You will keep an abstract of your log as per form. It is believed 
that the form itself is sufficiently explicit as to what is wanted for the 
abstract, a copy of which you will send through this department to 
Lieutenant Maury as often as opportunities ofier, and retain the original 
to be sent to his office when you shall return from the service assigned 
you. 

You will make it a rule, the better to ascertain rate of currents and 
to fix their limits, to determine by observation the vju'iation of the com- 
pass and your position in the forenoon, in the afternoon, and at night, 
as well as at noon whenever the weather will permit ; and after allow- 
ing tor leeway, heave of the sea, variation of the compass, and false 
steerage, you will call the difference between the place of the vessel, 
as established by observation, and as established by dead reckoning, 
current, and so enter it in the abstract. 

You will also try in calms, and as often as convenient, both the surface 



S. Doc. 59. 181 

and under currents in the usual way, by lowering boats, letting down 
weights, &c. 

For longitude by chronometer at night the largest of the fixed stars 
are the best objects to be observed when the horizon is good. The 
meridian altitude of the moon may be used for latitude at night, or in 
the fore or after noon, according to its age. 

Note in its proper column, not only the portion of cloudy sky — 10 
being entirely overcast and clear — but state also the direction or di- 
rections in which, and the estimated rate at which, the clouds are 
moving, with the kinds of clouds, as nimb., cum., cirrus., stratus, &c. 

In taking temperature of surface water, a fresh bucket should be 
drawn up each time, the thermometer plunged into it immediately, 
held there for several minutes, and read while the bulb is in the water. 

For the purpose of ascertaining the existence of under-currents, you 
will sound at intervals, at the least, of every fifty miles when you are 
in the vicinity of the Gulf stream, with 100 or 200 fathoms of line, ac- 
cording to circumstances, attaching to the line two thermometers, one 
near the lead and the other midway down. In case you have no ther- 
mometers suitable, or should lose them, then you will attach two hol- 
low non-conducting cylinders with valves opening upwards in the place 
of the thermometers, haul the line up briskly, and try quickly the tem- 
perature of the w^ater brought up in the cylinders. 

In case you should find an under-current, you will endeavor to as- 
certain its limits and set with all the accuracy possible. For rate and 
direction, a block of wood, or a breaker loaded just to sinking, and sus- 
pended at any required depth by a small float just sufficient to keep it 
from sinking further, will perhaps be the best means. 

The determination of the rate and set of under-currents is an opera- 
tion which is so modified by the weather and other circumstances, that 
it must of necessity be left, in a great measure, to the judgment and 
mental resources of the operators. You and your officers will, perhaps, 
have abundant opportunity to display 3^our ingenuity in regard to the 
subject. The lead used in sounding for temperatures should be painted 
white, and the distance at which it disappears going down, and re-ap- 
pears coming up, should be entered in fathoms in the transparency 
column. 

The Dolphin will be provided with the means of sounding at great 
depths. It is desirable to reach the bottom at every attempt, for the 
depth of the ocean is an important element towards a perfect under- 
standing of the tides, their laws of motion, the course and form of the 
tidal wave, and the like. 

For further information upon this subject you are referred to the 
superintendent of the National Observatory; he will present you with 
a chart showing the deep-sea soundings of the Albany, John Adams, 
and Taney, and communicate to you all the information touching the 
matter that will be serviceable. 

He will also point out to you a remarkable region of cold water 
lying in the usual track of vessels trading between New York and Eng- 
land. It is very desirable to know the depth of the water in this cold 
region, its degree of saltness, the character of the bottom, and the like. 
It is supposed to be quite shoal. 



182 



S. Doc. 59. 



The following is a list of ih:; priiioipil nnnng the cl')uht;ftil dimgRra 
whicl) distigurc the best charts of the All intic ocean. You will remove 
all doubt Ir.jm as ni jny as com ; i'l your way: 



Castri's s'.ioxl, June 23, 1841 

Rimigsau'd vigia (douutful) 

S loal ( 1 79rf) 

Vi^rii (175J; 

Jj,cq let I. ; so3ii in 17dJ 

Lion bank 

Itock, 18)3, i8:n 

Slioil, 179«, 18j3 

Hock, 21 feel 

Hervagault'd breakers; years seen, 1723, 1816, 1827. 

Virgin rocks 

I) irailh's rock (very doubtful) 

Watson 'ri rock, even witli the water 

Cleveland bank (doubtful) 

Tlie Eiglit stones 

Do^ 

Salvages islands 

Piton rocks , 

Shoal 



Latitude. 



CEBsar's breakers 

French s'loil. ]7.)6 ; even witli water j 

Warley'sshoil, 1813; 7 fathoais i 

Jean Hamon's bank (doubtful) 

Kramer's hank ; position very uncertain 

Aitkin's rock ; supposed position, sought for, but not found, 

by Captain Vid.il, 1831 

Vigia (very doubtful) 

Vigia (doibtful) 

Mayda (very doubtful) 

The Five Heids (very doubtful) 

Three Chimneys 

Barenethy's rock (uncertain) 

Devil's rock (hig'i) 

Perseus' shoal ; plainly s^en in 1813 

Ainplimont ro-^ks ; latitude observed 

Greeve's reef, 18 11 ; about two feet above water 

Npgres rocks 

Mariner rocks 

Isle Verd, or Green rock 



Rocks S3en by Captains Gough and Birch 

Whale rock (position uncertain) 

St. Marv'sbank, 1819 

Kutusoff bink, 1816 

Chantereau's vigia (very doubtful) 

Princess Elizabeth shoal, 1328 

Bank, 46 falliom^; Captain Walker, 1831) 

Penedo de S.in Pedro 

Coral reef. 

IiOng-;hainp=; (very uncertain) 

Texeiros, 1810 

Maelstrom of t!ie Dutch (doubtful) 

Breton's rock 

Monrand's bank, 1773 

Coral re-f, 10 feet 

Galleon's rock, 1730 (doubtful) 

GalJpssioniere's, or Fonseca I. ; seen in 1822 

St. Esprit reef; very dangerous, 1817; (doubtful). 
•Martin's reef. 



North. 




o 


' 


I' 


4) 


45 





42 


45 





43 


34 





43 


57 





46 


56 





56 


42 





41 


24 





4J 


21 





46 


30 





41 


3 





46 


27 





4J 


49 





40 


25 





30 


48 





34 


40 





34 


20 





30 


10 





30 


4 





23 


18 





1 


54 





3 








5 


5 


(J 


36 


50 





59 


55 





55 


22 





55 


26 





44 


4J 





46 


12 





44 


14 





47 


57 





45 


45 





50 


10 


u 


41 


7 





42 


36 


(1 


44 


15 





48 


10 





45 


59 





44 


51 





40 


33 





40 


29 





37 


40 





36 





u 


34 


53 





38 


19 





38 


19 





5 











5.) 








28 





9 


5.) 





12 








16 








39 


40 





24 


42 





5 


1 


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15 


51 





12 


21 





14 


43 





16 


46 






Refer to Wind and Current Chart, North Atlantic, series A, for further iuformalion. 



S. Doc. 59. 183 

After having searched fin- the doubtful rocks find dangers on the 
European route, you will then return in a southwesterly direction, pass- 
ing through the Sargasso sea, sounding as you go, ;ind cleaiing up 
doubts on your way as to vigias, until you reach the Gulf stream, be- 
tween the parallels of 30^ and 35^ N. ; you will then turn about and 
make the best of your way to the French shoal of the list, sighting the 
Cape de Verde islands, and removing doubts as to all the vigias neai 
your path. 

Having searched for "French and Warley's shoals," and satisfied 
yourself, after careful examination, as to the existence of the former, 
you will then pass as far south as 7°, making a zigzag line of sound- 
ings between the meridians of 15^ and 25^ west longitude. 

This is a region remarkable tor oceanic disturbances and tide rips; 
it is thought to be volcanic. Returning to the equator, yon will pro- 
ceed thence to make Cape St. Roque, and 3^ou will occupy yourself 
assiduously with constant observations and soundings between the 
island of Fernando de Noronha and the Main. 

There is reason to believe that the current, which is said to exist 
here, which is so much dreaded by mariners, and which adds many 
days to the psssages of vessels, either has no permanent existence, 
or if existing that it is not dangerous. 

You will therefore occupy a month, if necessary, in exploring it and 
the currents thence to the mouth of the Amazon ; having done this, 
touch at Para for water. 

It is supposed that this service will occupy you for five or six months, 
during which time the stores, provisions, and water of the Dolphin may 
require to be replenished ; w^hen and where is left to your discretion, as 
the route prescribed will take you near to several places where it can 
conveniently be done. If necessary 3^ou can touch at Porto Praya, 
where there is a naval depot li^r our squadron on the coast of Africa. 
It is desirable that you should keep at sea as much possible during 
your absence. 

Having satisfied yourself as to the St. Roque and great equatorial 
currents athwart the mouth of the Amazon, and giving a few days at 
Para to your officers and men for refi-eshment, 3-ou will proceed home- 
wards by the following route : 

From the equator in longitude 37° W., draw a straight line to Cape 
Charles; this line will lie nearly in the middle of a strip of the ocean, 
about 300 miles broad, and remarkable tor the tfnnperature of its 
water. You will sail a zigzag course tlirough this strip, crossing it at 
least four times on your way home, and passing the line which you are 
directed to draw, at least two hundred miles on either side, and taking 
deep-sea soundings before 3'ou put about to recross it again. Should 
you discover anytning remarkable as to the depth of the sea within this 
region, you will push the discovery to a conclusion. 

It is expected that the provisions, &c., which you may get at Porto 
Praya or elsewhere will last you home. 

In a service which is controlled so much as this in wliich 3-011 are 
about to be eng iged by circumstances of wind and weather, much 
must necessarily bi; lelt to the discretion of those to whom it is en- 
trusted. You are fully aware of the objects and the impoitance of the 



184 S. Doc. 59. 

service, and the department relies with confidence upon the exercise of 
a sound discretion upon your part. 

Wishing you success and a safe return, 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

WILL. A. GRAHAM. 
Lieutenant Samuel Phillips Lee, U. S. Navij, 

Ayimntcd to command the U. S. brig Dolphin, New York. 



S. Doc. 59. 



185 





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S. Doc. 59. 

Line triple ihr size of the foregoing. 



No. of reel. 


No. of fathoms. 


Not weight. 
Pounds. 


No. of 
tests. 


Average 
strength. 


Greatest 
strength. 


Real 
strength. 


1 
2 


5,420 
5,025 


156 
152 


14 

18 


130 
151 


147 
152 


106 
105 


Total 


10,445 


308 


32 


281 


299 


211 


Average . . 


5,2221 


154 





1401 


1491 


105; 



REMARKS. 

This Email line, furnished by the contractors, was to have been of the size and strength and 
emoothness of two reels of 10,000 fathoms each, left by the Congress, made of unbleached flax 
shoe-thread, and which we had, making in all of fishing line about 225,000 fathoms. (The 
weakest spot in the line is tlie value of the whole length employed in tlie cast.) This line 
was required to sustain at least 75 pounds to tlic fathom in tlie air, but it fell far short of this 
standard. Shrinkage found by trial to be 8 per cent. The reel alone weighs 5 and 6 pounds 
for 10,000 fathoms of single size, and 10 pounds for 5,000 fatlioms of triple size. Some of the 
small line was of better strength for not being laid up so hard, which agrees with what the 
ropemakers say, and Greer's Mechanic's Dictionary implies the same thing. The fla.\ thread 
ased would be weakened if bleached, which it was, and it probably was boiled. 

Description of sounding line required to be jrrcpared against the return of the 
Doljihin in 1852, ajid which was ready for my successor, Lieutenant Com- 
manding O. H. Berrymari. 

The line should measure 10,000 fathoms to the 100 pounds, to be made of the best flax 
shoe-thread, unbleached, without any sizing whatever, without knots or splices, of equal size 
and strength througliout, to bear a weiglit in the air of at least 75 pounds upon each cut 
length of a fathom of dry line ; to be delivered in good order in 10,000 fathoms length, reeled 
on strong reels of hard wood, with a small iron plate at each end, (fitted for an inch-square 
shaft;) each reel of line to be put in a bag of stout canvas, painted and tied up Tripio 
strength line should measure 10,000 fathoms to 300 pounds, and sustain a weight of at least 
225 pounds ; the otlier particulars the same as the above. When inspecting and marking the 
line,* pass it round liard smooth i)egs, on plank plates secured to the smooth floor of a long 
dry loft (free of sjiittle) in tlio navy yard, and at a convenient distance apart, (say 25 
fathoms, where four lengths will make Just 100 fathoms.) and mark it according to the print- 
ed directions of the bureau, and distinctly, using a needle and .saddler's silk ; besides which, 
each 100 fathoms should be marked with a very small piece of red bunting, as the silk marks, 
though useful to show the quantity, are not seen plainly as required for marking the intervals 
when running. ICach reel should be numbered and marked with the name of the petty officer 
who inspected, measured, and marked the line : the number of fathoms of lino : its strength, 
found by pouring musket balls gently into a bucket suspended by a fathom of t!ie line made 
fast by a rolling bend ; the net weight of the lino, and whether the fii-st hur.dred fatliom mark 
is on the inside or outside of the reel. The master should duly record these particulars. 



' 1853. — A much more convenient method of examining and marking the line is to use the 
small mounted board wheel, (with a circumference of a fathom when scooped to hold the 
line, and which has a small spring attached to it to click at every turn, so that the account 
is easily kept in measuring,) invented by Passed Miusliipman James Higgins, U. S. navy, at- 
tached to the U. S. ship John Adams. When the Dolphin was at Porto Praya, Commander 
Barron of the John Adams kindly gave us one of tiicso simple and excellent machines, and I 
cannot sufliciently tliank him and Mr. Higgins fur tJio good it did. 



TABLE OF SOUNDINGS 

IN 

THE ATLANTIC OCEAN, 
THE OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES SUWEYING BRIG DOLPHIN, 

LIEUTENANT S. PHILLIPS LEE, U. S. NAVY, COMMANDING. 



188 



S. Doc. 59. 



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S. Doc. 59. 





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Small fish line, waxed. . . 

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S. Doc. 59. 



199 



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Triple size line 

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S. Doc. 59. 



201 



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Deep sea line. 

Sinnll fisli line. wavpA 


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Deep sea line 

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o 



C5 r-H 



rf o -^ 



o 



■)f o 



,-1 to 



rt 


s 


Q 





S3 


5^ 


C) 


^ 


-i. 


to 



204 S. Doc. 59. 

DEEP SEA SOUNDINGS TAKEN FROM THE BOATS OF THE U. S. SURVEY 
Tabic showing time cf descent loitli one 32-jwund 



500 600 700 



900 1000 1100 1200 1300 



INTERVALS. 



1 42 

2 f)5 
2 14 
1 49 
1 53 
1 55 
1 53 
1 46 
1 47 
1 48 
1 50 
1 4o 
1 40 
1 40 
1 56 
1 40 
1 43 
1 54 

1 57 

2 01 
1 50 
1 46 

1 50 

2 13 
1 54 
1 50 
1 52 
1 44 



m. 



2 00 i 

1 5s ; 

'-"\ 

2 29 
2 06 
2 15 
2 05 
2 17 
2 00 
2 08 
2 C5 
2 06 
2 00 
1 47 

1 56 

2 11 
1 54 

1 50 

2 12 
2 25 
2 14 
2 C3 
2 01 



2 21 
2 26 
2 17 
2 42 
2 20 
2 26 
2 22 

2 25 

3 34 
2 19 
2 22 
2 21 
2 14 
2 11 
2 12 
2 27 
2 11 

1 57 

2 26 

2 29 
2 26 
2 14 
2 44 

2 48 
2 10 
2 82 



Number of casts 

Avei-iige inteival for oacli 
• lOO fatlioins 



2 40 

2 40 

3 12 

2 53 

3 20 
2 39 
2 33 

2 20 

3 43 
2 29 
2 17 
2 35 
2 28 
2 32 

2 25 

3 43 
2 25 
2 82 
2 80 
2 40 
2 52 

1 22 

2 83 
2 58 
2 53 
2 34 
2 48 
2 40 
2 S9 



2 52 
2 50 
2 52 
2 45 
2 40 
2 39 
2 37 
2 59 
2 47 
2 25 
2 50 
2 59 
2 54 
2 49 

2 43 
8 OS 

3 15 

2 49 

3 00 
2 56 
2 40 



£9 \ 29 
25 2 C9 
14 



3 17 
3 17 
3 40 

3 20 

4 C2 
8 10 
3 C9 



3 42 
3 26 
3 45 
8 80 
3 20 
3 15 
3 89 



2 12 

2 52 

3 17 
3.09 
3 04 
3 OS 

2 55 

3 19 



2 45 
8 20 

3 20 
3 12 
3 15 
3 C8 
3 37 
3 46 
3 14 
3 25 
3 C9 
3 f S 



2 4^ 2 56 



10 



•6 10 


-'! 


27 

2 49 

10 


20 

2 58 





3 SI 
3 19 
3 23 
3 15 
S 15 
8 41 
3 56 
3 22 
3 28 
^7 
8 27 



4 40 
8 68 
4 22 



8 5S 
5 45 
8 48 
8 50 
353 
8 43 
8 07 



2 50 2 53 



3 51 
8 84 
3 80 



8 23 3 C9 

8 46 

4 11 
3 50 



3 C8 
4CC 
C 47 
8 53 



8 40 3 55 



19 
3 45 





13 
3 07 



S. Doc. 59. 205 

ING BRIG DOLPHIN, LIEUT. S. PHILLIPS LEE, U. S. NAVY, COMMANDING. 
shoti of each 100 fafhoms of unwaxed fishing line. 



1500 1600 iroO 1S30 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 .2600 2700 2S00 2900 



m. s. 


m. s. m, s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 




i 




























4 25 


4 41 
4 05 
4 21 


4 43 
4 85 
4 21 


4 50 
4 28 
4 28 


4 53 
4 46 


4 57 






















4 2T>. 






















4 20 








































































































, 








































4 15 


4 11 
4 16 

4 08 
4 18 
4 04 
404 
4 18 


4 34 

4 09 
4 28 
4 08 
4 14 
4 08 
4 21 


4 32 
4 23 
4 14 
4 17 
4 19 
4 80 
4 89 


4 82 
4 84 
8 44 


4 2S 
4 44 






















4 00 


4 34 


4 49 


















4ni 


















4 01 
























4 04 


4 29 
4 23 
445 


445 
4 29 
4 47 


444 
4 49 
4 49 


4 49 

4 53 

5 03 


4 50 

5 05 
5 C6 


5 07 
5 04 
5 06 


5 08 
5 17 
5 17 












S 55 


5 15 
5 25 


6 81 
5 42 








4 09, 
















S.07 


3 28 

4 21 
4 03 
3 56 


3 26 
4B5 

4 01 
4 11 


8 21 
4 25 

4 08 
4 16 


8 82 
4 50 
4 02 
4 26 


8 34 
4 59 
4 11 
4 49 






















4 09 


5 09 

4 08 
4 48 




















3 5S 
8 50 


4 15 


4 16 


5 36 


4 21 


4 08 


4 09 


4 30 


444 


440 






















R51 
































4 85 


































4 41 
4 80 


4 38 
4 23 


5 82 

4 28 


4 48 

5 07 


5 16 






















4 1fi 














































































4 13 


4 18 


4 89 


4 85 


4 49 


4 54 


5 19 


5 01 


5 11 
































78 07 


71 43 


73 34 


75 25 


67 40 


55 53 


^« 


28 50 


24 28 


20 53 


20 03 


14 48 


16 22 


4 30 


4 44 


4 40 


19 

4 07 

10 


17 

4 13 

6 


17 

4 20 


17 

4 26 

6 


15 

4 31 

5 


12 
4 39 

8 


8 

4 47 

8 


6 

4 48 

1 


5 

4 54 
C 


4 

5 13 

19 


4 
5 01 
- 12 


3 

4 56 
— 5 


8 

5 27 

31 


1 
4 30 
— 57 


1 

4 44 

14 


1 

4 40 
— 4 



206 S. Doc. 59. 

DEEP SEA SOUNDINGS TAKEN FROM THE BOATS OF THE U. S. SURVEY 
Table showing time of descent with one 32-pound 





FATHOMS. 


Date. 


800 


400 


500 


600 } 700 800 


900 


1000 


1100 


1200 


1.300 


1400 


1500 


1600 j 1700 


1800 


1900 




LNTERVALS. 


1852. 
Jan. 15.... 


m.,8. 
1 27 


..s.Ls. 
1 41 1 44 


1 14 


148 


m. 8. 
1 53 


m. 8. 
1 58 


m. s. 
2 03 


m. s. 
2 07 


m. g. 
2 08 


m. 8. 
2 1.-) 


m. 3. in. s. 
2 20 2 23 


Dl. 8. m. 8. 

2 30i 2 27 


m.8.Ls. 

2 32 2 89 


18.... 


1 41 


1 51 2 08 


2 11 


2 23 


2 34 


2 41 


2 41 


2 52 


2 59 


3 10 


3 16 8 2S 


8 23j 8 28 


8881886 


24.... 


1 85 


1 49, 1 59 


2 14 


2 16 


2 27 


2 30 


2 41 


2 47 


2 55 


8 05 


8 12 8 15 


8 IS 


3 22 8 28J 8 29] 


25.... 


1 37 


1 48| 1 52 


158 


2 20 


2 14 


2 21 


1 58 


2 89 


248 


2 52 


2 50 8 03 


8 11 


8 17 


8 17| 8 80 


27.... 


1 40 


2 00 2 05 


2 13 


2 22 


2 30 


2 88 


2 47 


255 


2 58 


8 12 


8 12' 8 16 8 26 


8 81 


8 48 8 48 


29.... 


1 50 


1 59, 2 12 


2 14 


245 


3 22 


2 53 


2 48 


2 57 


3 02 


8 14 


8 17J 8 18 


8 14 


825 


8 28j 8 29 


81.... 


1 45 


2 09 2 31 


2 43 


3 00 


3 12 


3 17 




3 80 


383 


8 46 


8 66| 8 44 





4 16 


4 16: 4 24 


Feb. 8.... 


1 46 


1 59 S 15 


2 19 


2 26 


2 40 


2 52 


2 58 


3 02 


3 10 


8 12 


8 14 8 28 


8 18 


8 25 


8 18j 8 46 


4.... 


1 39 


1 55 2 07 


2 18 


2 35 


2 39 


2 47 


3 19 


802 


248 


2 54 


3 01 8 06 


8 16 


8 32 


8661 4 02 


5.... 


1 16 


1 25 1 83 


1 84 


1 42 


1 44 


1 59 


1 59 


2 07 


2 07 


2 13 


2 20; 2 21 


2 28 


2 87 


2 42' 2 45 


13.... 


1 47 


2 05 2 15 


2 29 


2 29 


2 88 


2 53 


2 55 


8 10 


3 10 


8 16j 3 80- 8 30 


3 82 


8 80 


8 46j 4 86 


IG.... 


1 33 


1 54 2 05 


1 29 


2 25 


2 88 


2 42 


2 55 


3 00 


3 04 


8 13| 3 19' 3 19 


8 31 


3 80 


8 82J 8 42 


20.... 


1 39 


»: 


2 10 


2 19 


2 25 


2 43 


2 49 


253 


3 07 


8 18 


8 27j 8 40 8 4€| 3 47 


4 00 


4 07| 4 18 


Mar. 18... 


148 


163 


2 06 


2 17 


2 29 


2 28 


2 47 


2 50 


3 07 


3 07 


8 11 8 24J 8 82 


8 80 


3 30 


8 42; 4 02 


2S.... 


1 3S 


149 


2 00 


2 ns 


2 14 


2 25 


2 32 2 37 


2 45 


2 68 


i i 812 


8 11 


8 16 


8 14' 3 24 




2 07 
1 42 


2 23 

1 58 


2 29 
2 11 


2 16 


2 56 3 06 
2 38 2 43 


1 
3 13 3 14 


8 20 
2 57 


:: 


8 86 
8 05 




858 
8 62 


4 05 


8 44 




AprU 9.... 


2 42 


2 15 


1 
8 07,8 47 


8 49 8 66 


May 24... 


1 37 


1 43' 2 11 


2 24 


2 28 2 30 


2 53 2 57 


8 05 


808 


8 20' 8 22! 8 88 


888 


8 61 8 60 


a 46 


20.... 


1 36 


1 45 1 55 


2 07 


2 141 2 24 


2 88 2 49 


2 53 


8 11 


3 Oe^ 8 19 8 14 


8 15 


8 20 885 




31.... 


1 35! 1 55J 2 10 


2 20 


2 30 2 55 

1 


8 00 3 05 


8 15 


8 15 


8 25; 8 85 8 40 


8 60 


4 45 4 00 


8 00 


June 2 . . . . 


1 44! 1 52| 2 05 


2 18 


2 30 


2 35 


2 49! 2 49 


2 52 


2 57 


8 09 8 2o| 3 15 


a« 


8 86: 8 46 


864 


4.... 


1 42 2 071 2 03 


2 19 


2 37 


2 39 


2 52' 3 09 


3 20 


324 


3 83| 8 48| 8 44. 8 49 


4 06 4 19 


4 06 


6.... 


1 41 1 55 2 04 


2 15 


2 25i 2 33 


2 38 2 47 


2 52 


3 00 


8 05 8 20 8 19 8 26 


3 83 8 88 


846 


8.... 


1 48 2 00 2 12 


2 20 


2 28 2 42 


2 52 2 55 


3 08' 8 15 


3 20 8 20 8 85 8 86| 8 49[ 8 60 


864 


12.... 


1 41 1 49 


1 51 


1 58 2 02 


2 10' 2 14 


2 26 2 82 


2 32! 2 84 2 42 


2 36! 2 43 2 41 


944 


14.... 


1 19! 1 28| 1 40 


1 48 


1 53 2 02 


2 20 2 28 2 82 2 50 


2 50| 2 58 8 01 


8 02 


808'826 


380 


20.... 


1 31 


1 43 


1 50 2 01 


2 18^ 2 20 


2 21 2 35 2 35 2 45 


2 50! 2 68' 2 69 


8 02 


805808 


8 18 


23.... 






1 52, 2 07 


2 15 2 23 


2 33' 2 40 2 48 2 51 


8 02| 8 06 








Total 


42 58 


50 42 


1 

i 
57 28 60 82 

1 


1 

66 44 70 56 

i 


74 31 73 21 


1 1 

1 
81 10 83 46 

1 


1 : 

! 1 
88 53 88 1188 86 


87 00 


1 
94 6696 25 

1 


94 58 


No. of casts.. 

Av. interval 
for each 100 
fathoms . . . 


26. 27 
1 39 1 58 


2 03 2 14) 


2 23 2 32 


28 27 
1 
2 40 2 48 


i 
28 23 

264 269 


27! 20 26 
8 06 8 12 8 17 


26 
3 21 


27 
8 81 


V 
884 


26 
889 


Differences .. 


14 


■»! ' 


13' 9 


S 3 111 5 


7 6 '■ 5 


4 


10 8 


' 



^ 



S. Doc. 59. 207 

ING BRIG DOLPHIN, LIEUT. S. PHILLIPS LEE, U. S. NAVY, COMMANDING. 

shot, of each 100 fathoms of waxed fishing line. 



FATHOMS. 


2000 


2100 


2200 


2300 


2400 


2500 


2600 


2700 


2800 


2900 


3000 


3100 


3200 


3300 


3400 


3500 


3600 


3700 


3800 


INTERVALS. 


m. s. 


m. s. 

2 42 

3 50 
8 48 

3 37 

4 11 

3 88 


m. s. 

2 54 

4 07 
844 
8 37 

3 50 
3 34 


m. s. 

2 54 

4 06 

3 50 

8 48 

4 01 

3 40 

4 24 


.... 

2 51 
4 12 
8 56 
8 44 
4 07 

3 83 

4 17 


8 0i 

4 06 
4 04 
8 57 
4 07 

3 34 

4 47 


2 57 
4 14 

3 59 
8 58 

4 24 

a 81 

4 49 


m. s 

3 12 

4 32 
4 13 

4 00 

8 43 

5 10 


m. s. 


1 

m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m.s. 


8 50 
























8 85 


4 22 
4 02 
4 21 
4 07 
4 57 


4 21 
4 00 

4 47 

5 25 
5 00 




.„ 


















4 13 
4 35 

4 08 

5 IS 


4 11 

5 84 

4 20 

5 27 


4 10 

5 52 
4 59 














8 54 
















4 39 
7 25 


5 09 

8 07 


4 22 








4 2T 








2 49 














4 11 






































2 52 


2 58 
4 11 


2 50 
4 01 


8 06 
4 03 


8 07 
8 85 


8 17 
3 59 


2 50 
4 02 


























.,, 


4 15 


5 47 






















,„ 






















4 15 


4 23 

3 51 

4 03 
8 05 


4 83 


4 46 


4 40 






























8 50 






























3 25 






2 56 
5« 






























8 32 


3 55 

4 05 


8 88 
3 40 


8 58 

4 50 


4 12 
4 15 


4 89 
























8.5R 


4 20 


4 80 














































































8 59 


4 01 

3 89 

4 15 
8 52 
4 00 

2 46 

3 20 


4 00 

3 50 

4 25 
4 00 
4 06 
2 51 
8 89 


4 15 
4 02 
4 15 
4 07 
4 23 

2 53 

3 46 
8 25 


4 10 
4 07 
4 59 
4 11 
4 16 
2 59 
8 52 
8 25 


4 20 
4 10 
4 41 
4 15 
4 25 

3 07 

4 02 
3 35 


4 15 


4 20 
















































4 15 


448 
4 25 
4 27 

3 07 

4 08 
3 35 


4 52 
4 26 
4 40 

3 08 

4 12 
3 40 


5 00 
4 29 
4 36 
8 08 
4 16 
8 40 


4 53 
4 29 
4 82 

3 09 

4 24 
8 40 


5 28 
4 34 
4 85 
8 10 
4 31 
3 40 


















8 49 


5 12 
4 52 
8 10 
4 81 
3 55 


5 12 
5 08 

3 10 

4 36 
3 55 














8 5fi 


6 15 

8 12 
4 37 
4 00 








' 




2 44 

3 35 


8 13 

4 01 


3 20 


3 23 


3 28 


8 34 


3 19 


4 20 












































1 








91 88 


77 26 


71 27 


77 02 


82 02 76 10 


71 56 


67 28 


57 05 


58 10 


44 12 


41 12 


«« 


30 08 


25 09 12 02 


3 23 


3 28 


834 


25 

8 40 

1 


21 

3 41 
1 


19 

3 46 
5 


8 51 


21 

3 54 
8 


19 

4 00 
6 


18 

4 00 



16 

4 18 
18 


13 
10 


12 

4 26 
8 


10 

4 25 
— 1 


9 

4 85 
10 


4 52 
17 


6 

5 01 
9 


5' 8 

5 02 4 01 
1-1.01 


1 

8 28 

-88 


1 

5 


1 

334 
6 



208 



S. Doc. 59. 

DEEP SEA SOUNDINGS TAKEN FROM THE BOATS 

Tahlc showing average lime of descent of each ^OOfafhojns 







FATHOMS. 




800 400 


500 1 600 


700 


800 


900 


1000 1 1100 

1 


1200 


1800 j 140a 




INTERVALS. 




m. s. 
53 45 

42 58 


m. 8. 
62 17 

50 42 


m. 8. 
70 22 

57 23 


m. 8. 
76 52 

60 32 


m. 8. 1 ID. 3. m. s. 

76 16 77 19 87 05 

66 U 70 56 74 81 
143 00143 15 161 36 


m. 8. 
88 31 

73 21 


in. 8. 
77 22 

81 10 


m.8. 
78 42 

83 46 
162 28 


m. 8. 
71 14 

88 53 
155 07 


m.8. 
71 01 

88 H 






Total 


96 43 


115 59 


127 53 


137 24 


! 

161 52 158 82 


154 n 










Whole number of casts 

Average interval for each 


55 
145^ 


56 

2 01 
16 


57 

2 14 
13 


57 

2 25 
11 


1 1 
55 54J ■ 55 

2 36 2 45J 2 56 
11 9i 11 


53 
3 03 


50 
7 


49 

8 19 
9 


46 

3 22 
3 


41 

3 30 
8 










1 





^ 

^ 

k 



S. Doc. 59. 

OF THE U. S. SURVEYING BRIG DOLPHIN— Continued. 

of line 1 from all the casts made with one 32-pound shot. 



209 



1700 ISOO 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 



2500 2600 2TC0 2S0O 



INTKRVALS. 



T3 34 
94 



75 25 67 40 
96 25 94 



38 20 
77 26 



28 50 
71 27 



20 53 

82 02 



14 48 
71 56 



1 r 



163 42158 43 168 80171 53162 83147 31 115 461 

















« 


u 


44 


41 37 


29 


25 


3 41 


3 50 


3 54 


3 581 3 59 


4 GO 


4 01 


' 


9 


' 


4 


1 


1 


1 



4 07 
4 



4 11 
4 



4 25; 4 24 



4 53 
25 



210 S. Doc. 59. 

DEEP SEA SOUNDINGS TAKEN FROM THE BOATS OF THE U. S. SURVEY 
Tahlc showing time of descent with two ^2-pound 



Number of casts . . 

Average intervals for 

each 100 fathoms.. 



l' 80 



INVERVALS. 







1 33 


1 50 


1 42 


2 15 


1 4T 


2 00 


1 84 


1 4G 


1 42 


1 53 


1 34 


1 33 


1 34 


1 40 


1 44 


1 58 


1 41 


1 55 


1 45 


1 53 


1 42 


1 53 


1 47 


1 56 


1 40 


2 14 


1 17 


1 58 


1 41 


2 48 


1 37 


1 50 


1 31 


1 45 


1 30 


1 40 


1 82 


1 40 


1 25 


1 30 


1 27 


1 34 


1 33 


1 41 


1 30 


1 40 


1 07 


1 13 


1 20 


1 32 


1 IS 


1 33 


1 24 


1 34 


1 24 


1 18 



2 01 

2 00 

1 57 

1 56 

2 04 

1 47 

2 01 
2 00 
2 00 

1 46 

2 03 
1 57 
1 59 
1 49 
1 45 
1 47 
1 42 
1 43 
1 48 
1 46 
1 19 
1 43 
1 38 
1 42 
1 37 



2 13 
2 17 



2 02 

2 13 

2 01 

2 11 

2 02 



2 10 

2 07 

2 42 

2 10 



1 52 

1 53 

1 54 

1 55 

1 59 

1 25 

1 4S 



1 52 

2 07 



2 19 
1 50 



2 50 
2 17 
2 17 



1 58 

1 58 

2 01 
2 10 
2 03- 
1 28 



2 SO 

2 21 

2 20 

2 12 



2 08 
2 10 



2 13 

2 14 

1 86 

2 10 



2 46 
2 26 

2 38 



2 15 
2 14 



2 21 

2 20 

1 35 

2 17 



2 49 
2 87 
2 40 



2 26 
2 24 



2 81 

2 29 

1 41 

2 20 



43 26 50 07 



1 47 
14 



45 00 87 55 85 43 



18 

2 06 

8 



16 
2 14 



16 
2 29 

7 



S. Doc. 59. 211 

ING BRIG DOLPHIN, LIEUT. S PHILLIPS LEE, U. S. NAVY, COMMANDING. 
shot, of each 100 fathoms of unwaxed fishitig line. 



1300 UOO 1500 1600 ITOO 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 



m. s. 








m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m. s. 


m.s. 


m. s. 


2 41 


3 11 


3 OS 


3 40 


3 35 


















































1 
















2 5T 


3 10 


St. 


8 21 


8 27 


8 29 


8 46 


3 39 


3 47 


3 52 
















































3 06 


3 OT 


3 24 
3 16 

2 48 
8 00 


3 22 

8 05 
3 06 


3 25 


3 45 


3 89 


8 50 


3 55 
























2 52 


2 37 
2 55 






















2 49 


3 09 


3 17 


S.S 
































2 46 


2 51 


3 00 





















































































































































































































































2 4T 


2 58 

2 51 
1 48 

3 44 


2 57 
2 56 
1 52 


3 00 
3 00 
1 57 


8 13 
3 13 
1 56 


8 10 
3 12 
2 04 


3 17 

2 07 


















3 29 
2 10 


3 29 

2 15 


8 86 


8 40 


3 40 


8 57 




2 41 






































«» 


,as 


2 47 


2 48 


2 58 


3 01 


3 03 


3 12 


3 18 


8 17 


8 23 


3 24 


8 84 


3 43 
























1 






29 87 


31 50 


32 20 


30 40 


24 46 


21 58 


22 44 


16 20 


16 44 


10 45 


7 03 


7 04 


7 81 


8 43 


11 

2 41 

5 


11 

2 54 

13 


11 

2 56 

2 


10 

3 04 

S 


8 

3 06 

2 


7 

3 08 

2 


7 

8 15 

7 


5 

3 16 

1 


5 

8 21 

5 


3 

3 85 

14 


2 
3 81 


2 

3 32 

1 


2 

8 45 

18 


1 
3 43 
— 2 






212 



S. Doc. 59. 

DEEP SEA SOUNDINGS TAKEN FROM THE BOATS 
Tuhlc shoiving time of descent icilk twi 32-pound 













FATHOMS. 










Date. 


800 


40O 


« 


600 


TOO 


~ 


9D0 


1000 


1100 


1200 




INTERVALS. 


1852. 


m. s. 
1 15 

1 26 


m. s. 
1 2S 

1 37 


m. s. 
1 33 

1 45 


m. s. 
1 44 

1 52 


m. s. m. 8. 

1 47 2 04 

2 00 j 2 06 


m. 8. 
2 14 

2 12 


2 16 

2 13 


ra. 8. 
2 16 

2 41 


m. e. 
2 25 

2 &i 


February 2 


Total 


2 41 


3 05 


3 23 


3 8C 


3 47 


4 10 


4 26 


4 83 


4 57 


4 59 


Mean 

Differences . 


1 20 


1 .32 
12 


1 41 
9 


1 48 


1 53 2 05 
5 12 


2 13 

8 


2 16 
3 


2 23 
12 


2 29 

1 


1 
i 







Table showing average time of descent of each 100 futhoms 



Total with unwaxed 


m. s. 
37 07 
2 41 


m. s. 
43 26 
3 05 


m. s. 
50 07 
3 23 


m. s. 
52 07 
8 36 


m. 8. 
45 00 
3 47 


m. 9. 
37 55 
4 10 


m. 8. 


m. 8. 
<» an 


m. B. 

H9 S9 


m. 8. 
36 29 

4 59 


Total with waxed line 


4 26 4 83 4 57 


Aggregate 


39 48 


46 31 


53 30 


1 
55 43 ! 4S 47 

1 


42 05 


i 
40 09 j 42 3;3 


41 36 


41 23 




Number of casts 

Average intervals... 


29 
1 22 


3. 

11 


30 

1 47 

14 


30 

1 51 

4 


24 
2 02 

11 


20 

2 06 

4 


IS 

2 14 

8 


18 

2 22 

8 


18 
2 29 

7 


16 

2 85 

6 







%J 



S. Doc. 59. 

OF THE U. S. SURVEYING BBIG DOLPHIiV— Continued. 
sliotf of each 100 fathoms of v)axed. fishmg line. 



213 



1800 1400 1500 1600 1 



ISOO 1900 



2100 2200 2300 24C0 25C0 2600 



2 SS 
2 30 


m. s. 

3 41 

3 S3 


m. s. m. s. 

2 50 1 2 45 

2 44 ' 2 43 


m 
2 

2 


s. 
51 

43 


2' 55 

2 45 


?-oo 

3 58 


3'06 


3 '08 


m. s. m. s. m. s. 
3 10 ! 3 13 3 25 

! 


3 '26 


3 30 


1 


i 


1 


5 CS 


5 14 


5 34 j 5 27 


5 


84 


5 40 


5 58 1 3 06 


3 C8 


3 10 3 13 3 25 


3 26 


3 30 


5 


= 0, 
3 


2 47 1 2 4-3 
10 6 


2 


47 
4 


2 50 
3 


3 59 
9 


3 C6 

7 


3 08 
3 


3 10 , 3 13 
2 3 


3 25 

12 


3 26 
1 


3 30 

4 



from all the casts made with two 32-j)oimd shot. 



va. s. 
29 87 
5 CS 



Dl 53 
5 14 



m. s. j m. s. 
32 20 I 30 40 
5 34 I 5 27 



24 46 
5 34 



m. s. 
21 58 
5 40 



22 44 
5 58 



m. s. 
16 20 
3 C6 



16 44 
3 08 



m. s. 
10 45 
3 10 



7 C3 
3 18 



7 C4 
3 25 



7 31 
3 26 



3 43 
3 30 



34 45 S7 04 37 54 ■ 36 C7 i SO 20 



13 

2 40 
5 



9 
3 11 



3 25 

— 4 



3 30 
5 



214 



S. Doc. 59. 



List of reported dangers nnsuccessfulhj searched for by Lieutenant S. Phil- 
lips Lee, commanding United States surveying brig Dolphin, 1851-52. 



Name of reported danger. 



Assigned position. 



Latitude. 



Longitude. 



Date of gcarch. 



Page. 



Potomac sounding 

Field's vigia 

Anfitrite breakers 

Dyet's rocks 

1827, (vigia of) 

Gandaria's rocks 

Gombaud's rock 

Emily 's rock and shoal . 



French shoal 

Krusenstern's volcano 

Triton's bank 

Bouvet's sandy island 

Aquila reef 

Le Pacifique shoal, (shock), 

Crown reef. 

Vigia, south of Fernando de 

Noronha 

Blaesdale's coral reef. . . . • . 

Voetle 's bank 

Galleon's bank 

Galissioniere's rock 

Martin 's reef 

Overfalls 's or heavy ripples, 

Tulloch's & Livingston's. 
Mourand's bank 



1838 
1833 
1846 
1845 

1827 



38 10 ON 

37 31 N, 

35 50 N. 

32 46 N. 

31 17 N. 



1842 25 30 N. 



1764 

1845 

1796 
1806 
1816 
1761 
1831 
1771 
1835 



23 15 N. 
16 59 N. 



1819 



1730 

1822 
1842 

1819 
1773 



N. 
S. 
S. 
S. 
S. 

s. 

s. 



43 S. 

57 N. 

N. 

15 56 N. 
12 20 N. 

16 42 N. 

24 11 N. 

24 34 N. 



67 26 

66 

65 58 

60 6 

53 22 

37 45 

32 25 

21 30 

19 20 

20 44 
17 46 
19 10 

21 6 

22 47 



OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 

OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 
OW. 



23 


19 


OW. 


32 


43 


OW. 


41 


6 


OW. 


48 


58 


OW. 


49 


40 


OW. 


54 


49 


OW. 



I&51. 
October 17, 
October 16, 
October 24, 
Novem'r 2, 
Novcm'r 15, 
Novem'r 24, 
Decem'r I, 
Decern 'r 14, 
• 1852. 
January 
January 
February 
February 
February 

do 

February 



18 



March 
April 
May 
May 
June 
58 53 W. June 

61 44 0\V. j June 
65 10 OW. I June 



10 

8, 11 

27,28 

29 

2 

6, 7 

14 
17,20 



5 

6 

8 

9 

13 

15 

22 

29 

45 
61 
67 
69 
70 
71 
71 

79 
90 
99 
99 
102 
103 

108 
110 



Respectfully recommended that the foregoing be erased from the 
charts and sailing directions. 

SAMUEL PHILLIPS LEE, 

Lieutenant United States Navy. 



VARIATION OF THE COMPASS 



IMTED STATES SURVEYmG BRIG DOLPHm, 



LIEUT. SAMUEL PHILLIPS LEE, COMMANDING. 



216 



S. Doc. 59. 



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S. Doc. 59. 



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228 



S. Doc. 59. 






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230 



S. Doc. 59. 



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S. Doc. 59. 



231 



ITiimperature of the air and the. surface writer, TJjiited States surveying; hrh 
Dolphin, Lieut. S. Phillips Lee, commanding, Atla7itic, 1851-'52. 

OCTOBEII S. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 
1 


o 


O 


P. M. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 
10 
11 
12 


o 
63 
71 
73 
73 
69 
69 
65 
64 
63 
63 
63 
63 


O 
62 


2 






(jO 


3 




62 


4 


i 


62 


5 


i 


62 


6 


1 


go 


7 


;:::::::;■.::::'::::::::■.■.:::: 


62 


8 




61 


9 




59 


10 


1 


59 


11 


i 


59 


12 


61 1 60 


59 



12 m. 

I p. m. 



-Latitude 40O 21' N. ; long-itude 73° 45' W. 
-Latitude 40 07 N. ; longitude 73 22 W 



October 9. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


59 


59 


1 


72 


62 


2 


59 


58 


! 2 


73 


60 


3 


59 


58 


1 3 


69 


62 


4 


59 


58 


1 4 


66 


62 


5 


60 


58 


5 


65 


61 


6 


60 


58 


1 6 


64 


61 


7 


61. 


59 


7 


63 




8 


65 


60 


8 


63 




9 


64 


60 


9 


64 


59 


10 


70 


60 


10 


63 


59 


11 


72 


61 


11 


63 


59 


12 


73 


60 


12 


61 


60 



4 a. m.— Latitude 39° 52' N. ; longitude 720 3G' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 39 53 N. ; longitude 72 42 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 39 48 N. ; longitude 72 37 W. 



October 10. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


62 


60 


1 


69 


66 


2 


61 


60 


2 


71 


66 


3 


64 


61 


3 


71 


66 


4 


64 


61 


4 


71 


66 


5 


65 


62 


5 


71 


66 


6 


65 


62 


6 


70 


66 


7 


69 


65 


7 


69 


66 


8 


69 


64 


8 


69 


67 


9 


70 


65 


9 


70 


66 


10 


69 


65 


10 


70 


66 


11 


69 


66 


11 


70 


66 


12 


69 


66 


12 


69 


66 



: n . ni . 
12 m. 
i p. m. — . 



Latitude 390 23' N. ; longitude 720 14' W. 
Latitude 38 59 N. ; longitude 71 45 W. 
Latitude 38 22 N. ; iono-jtude 71 24 W. 



232 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of tlic air and lite siirfacc iv.ilcr — Cnnlinuc?d. 
October 11. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


70 


as 


1 


71 


72 


o 


70 


m 


2 


7;j 


72 


3 


70 


as 


3 


75 


73 


4 


70 


G8 


4 


71 


73 


5 


70 


68 


5 


71 




6 


70 


63 ; 


C 


70 




7 


71 


68 


7 


71 


7i 


8 


71 


7.5 


8 


71 


71 


9 


74 


15 


9 


73 


72 


10 


73 


74 


10 


73 


72 


11 


72 


74 


11 


7.{ 


73 


12 


72 


74 


12 


73 


73 



4 a. in.— Latit ide i'JO 51' N. ; longitude 71© Ui' W. 

12 in. — Latitude 37 38 N. ; longitude 70 58 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude :i7 25 N. ; longitude 70 30 W. 

October 12. 



A.M. 


o 


° 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


73 ! 


1 


70 


79 


o 


75 


77 


2 


79 


78 


3 


75 




3 


79 


78 


4 


75 


77 


4 


79 


78 


5 


76 


77 


5 


79 


78 


6 


76 


79 


6 


79 


78 


7 


76 


80 


7 


79 


72 


8 


76 


80 i 


8 


79 


72 


9 


78 


80 j 


9 


75 


73 


10 


78 


81 1 


10 


75 


75 


11 


78 


79 


11 


75 


73 


12 


79 


79 


12 


(J 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 370 50' N. ; longitude 7t»o K,' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 37 59 N. ; longitude 69 .56 W. 

8 p. in.— Latitude 3b 20 N. ; longitude 69 Ul W. 



October 13. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


p. M. 


o 


o 


1 


76 


74 


1 


77 


71 


2 


76 


74 


o 




72 


3 


76 


72 


3 




72 


5 


76 


72 


4 




72 


5 


75 


71 


5 




71 


6 


74 


71 


6 




71 


7 


73 


72 


7 




74 


8 


73 


72 


8 




73 


9 


71 


72 


9 


73 


73 


10 


75 


71 


10 




72 


11 


75 


71 1 


11 




73 


12 


77 


71 ; 


12 




72 



4 n. m.— Latit-ide 38° T,' N. ; lonfirilude 6cO 18' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 38 22 N. ; longitude 67 15 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 38 24 N. •, longitude 67 CJ W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



233 



Tcmjiei'ature rf the air and the mrf:icc losifcr — Continued. 
October 14. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


74 


74 


1 


72 


72 


2 


74 


71 


2 


73 


72 


3 


74 


6D 


3 


73 


73 


4 


74 


C9 


4 


75 


73 


5 


73 


68 


5 


75 


72 


G 


73 


71 


6 


78 


72 


7 


73 


72 


7 


73 


70 


8 


74 


74 


8 


72 


72 


9 


75 


72 


9 


71 


72 


10 


75 


72 


10 


73 


71 


11 


75 


72 


11 


73 


71 


12 


75 


ra 


12 


73 


71 



4 a. ni. 

12 m.. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 380 25' N. 
-Latitude 88 28 N. 
-Latitude 38 26 N. 



longitude 66° 4L' W. 

lor.giinde 66 42 W. 

. longitude G6 41 W. 



October 15. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


' P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


71 


1 


70 


73 


2 


69 


71 


2 


69 


73 


3 


69 


71 


3 


70 


75 


4 


67 


69 


4 


69 


75 


5 


67 


71 


5 


69 


76 


6 


67 


71 


6 


68 


8U? 


7 


69 


73 


7 


69 


77 


8 


6S 


72 


8 


69 


76 


9 


69 


72 


9 


69 


77 


10 


68 


74 


10 


68 


77 


11 


68 


74 


11 


68 


76 


12 


68 


74 


12 


67 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 380 2i' N. ; longitude 660 4u' W. 

12 m.— Latitude [58 14 N. ; longitude 66 42 VV. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 37 42 N. ; longitude 66 47 W. 



October 16. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


68 


76 


1 


68 


77 


2 


68 


76 


2 


68 




3 


63 


76 


3 


68 




4 


63 


77 


4 


65 




5 


67 


77 


5 


65 




6 


68 


77 


6 


63 




7 


67 


77 


7 


61 


77 


8 


67 


76 


8 


61 




9 


67 


77 


9 


63 


76 


10 


67 


77 


10 


63 


76 


11 


66 


77 


11 


61 


76 


12 


66 


77 


12 


61 


• 76 



4 a. m.— Latitude 37° 31' N. ; longitude 66° SC W. 

12 m.— Latitude Sfi 43 N. ; longitude 66 (.'6 W. 

8 p. in.— Latitude 37 48 N.-. longitude 66 16 VV, 



234 



S. Doc. 59. 



TcmperaUirc of die air and the surface water — Continued. 
October 17. 



, Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 





o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


60 


77 


1 


64 


73 


2 


60 


76 


2 


64 


72 


'3 


59 


76 


3 


64 


72 


4 


60 


76 


4 


64 


73 


5 


60 


76 


5 


64 


73 


6 


60 


76 


6 


61 


75 


7 


60 


76 


7 


61 


75 


8 


60 


77 


8 


61 


75 


9 


61 


75 


9 


61 


75 


10 


61 


75 


10 


61 


75 


11 


61 


75 


11 


62 


75 


12 


63 


75 


12 


«3 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 37© 53' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 38 07 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 38 06 N. 



lonsritude 660 46' W. 
longitude 66 46 W. 
longitude 67 09 AV. 



October 18. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


63 


75 


1 


70 


75 


2 


64 


72 


2 


70 


74 


3 


64 


72 


3 


70 


75 


4 


64 


71 


4 


70 


76 


5 


64 


71 


5 


70 


76 


6 


62 


70 


6 


69 


76 


7 


07 


71 


7 


68 




8 


66 


71 


8 






9 


66 


71 


9 


68 


76 


10 


67 


71 


10 


68 


76 


11 


69 


71 


11 


68 


77 


12 


70 


71 


12 


68 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 380 IC N. ; 

12 m.— Latitude .38 08 N. ; 

8 p. m.— Latitude 38 02 N. : 



longitude 67° 25' W. 
longitude 67 23 W. 
longitude 67 19 W. 



October 19. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


77 


1 


73 


75 


2 


69 


77 


2 


73 


73 


3 


69 


77 


3 


73 


73 


4 


69 


77 


4 


73 


73 


5 


69 


77 


5 


73 


73 


6 


69 


77 


6 


73 


73 


7 


69 


77 


7 


71 


'% 


8 


75 


75 


8 


71 


9 


80? 


73 


9 


69 


73 


10 


mi 


73 


10 


69 


73 


\i 


75 


73 


11 


69 


73 


75 


73 


12 


69 


73 



4 a. m.— I^atitudc 380 10' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 38 02 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 38 09 N. 



longitude 670 10' W. 
longitude 67 04 W. 
longitude 66 36 VV. 



S Doc. 59. 



233 



Tempei-atm'e of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
October 20. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


69 


75 


1 


71 


75 


2 


70 


75 


2 


72 


75 


3 


70 


75 


3 


73 




4 


70 


75 


4 


72 




5 


70 


75 


5 


72 




6 


70 


76 


6 


72 




7 


71 


76 


7 


71 




8 


71 


76 


8 


71 




9 


71 


74 


9 


71 




10 


72 


74 


10 


70 




11 


72 


75 


11 


70 




12 


72 


75 


12 


,0 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 38© 01' N. ; longitude 660 04' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 37 44 N. ; longitude 65 20 W, 

8 p. m.— Latitude 37 17 N. ; longitude 65 29 ,W. 

October 21. 



a. m.— Latitude 360 35' N. ; longitude 650 47' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 36 53 N. ; longitude 65 57 W. 
i p. m.— Latitude 37 03 N. ; longitude 66 15 W. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


73 ! 


1 


73 


73 


2 


67 


73 I 


2 


73 


73 


3 


67 


73 ! 


3 


73 


73 


4 


67 


73 i 


4 


73 


73 


5 


67 


73 


5 


72 


73 


6 


67 


73 


6 


70 


73 


7 


69 


73 ! 


7 


68 


73 


8 


69 


73 1 


8 


68 


73 


9 


69 


72 


9 


67 


72 


10 


72 


72 


10 


66 


72 


11 


72 


72 


11 


66 


73 


12 


72 


" 1 


12 


66 


73 



October 22. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


! p. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


73 


1 


76 


73 


2 


69 


73 


1 2 


73 


73 


3 


69 


73 


3 


73 


73 


4 


69 


73 


4 


73 


73 


5 


66 


73 


1 5 


73 


74 


6 


65 


72 


I 6 


73 


75 


7 


69 


72 


7 


72 


74 


8 


70 


72 


8 


70 


73 


9 


70 


74 


9 


73 


74 


10 


75 


76 


10 


73 


74 


11 


78 


73 


11 


73 


74 


12 


78 


73 


12 


73 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 370 20' N. ; longitude 650 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 37 26 N, ; longitude 65 48 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 37 29 N. ; longitude 66 06 W. 



236 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of I lie air and the surface writer — Cwntifiu?d. 
October 23. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 




7) 


7.-, 


1 


63 


75 


2 


7J 


75 


2 


G3 


75 


3 


70 


75 


3 


63 


75 


4 


7J 


75 


4 ' 


67 


74 


5 


73 


75 


5 


66 


73 


G 


73 


75 


G 


GJ 


73 


7 


73 


75 


7 


63 


73 


8 


71 


74 


G 


63 


73 


9 


7J 


74 


9 


61 


73 


IJ 


G3 


^1 


n 


61 


72 


11 


G3 


7.) 1 


11 


61 


72 


12 


6J 


7J 


12 


61 


71 



4 ti. m.— Latitude 37° 4G' N. ; lonsritude 6G0 (10' W. 

12 m.— Lititud8 37 31 N. ; lotirrjtud- 65 48 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 37 14 N. ; loiii>:itudo 65 06 W. 

October 24. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


61 


71 


1 


70 


73 


2 


61 


72 


o 


70 


73 


3 


61 


72 


3 


70 


73 


4 


62 


71 


4 


70 


73 


5 


63 


72 


5 


70 


73 


6 


63 


70 


6 


70 


73 


7 


64 


71 


7 


63 


72 


8 


64 


71 


8 


66 


72 


9 


65 


72 


9 


65 


71 


la 


65 


71 


10 


6-. 


71 


11 


65 


71 


11 


65 


71 


12 


65 


71 


12 


65 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 36^ 37 N.; longitude 6')0 29' W. 

12 m.— Lititude 35 5) N. ; longitude 65 5S W. 

8 p. m. — Latitude 35 45 N. ; longitude 65 56 W. 



October 25. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


63 


71 


1 


71 


73 


2 


63 


72 


o 


71 


73 


3 


61 


72 


3 


71 


73 


4 


64 


71 


4 


71 


72 


5 


64 


71 


5 


71 


72 


6 


64 


71 


6 


71 


72 


7 


64 


71 


7 


71 


72 


8 


64 


71 


8 


71 


72 


9 


66 


71 


9 


70 


73 


10 


63 


72 


11) 


6) 


72 


11 


60 


72 


11 


60 


72 


12 


60 


72 1 


12 


60 


72 



4 II. m.— Latitude 350 A'J N. ; longitude 66^ U^' \V. 

12 m.— Latiliid5 35 53 N. -, longitude 65 51 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 5J N. •, loagitudj 66 i.'6 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 

Temperature of the air and the surface water — Conlinued. 
October 26. 



237 



Hour. 


Air. 


Watsr 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


72 


1 


76 


73 


2 


71 


72 


2 


77 


73 


3 


71 


73 


3 


77 


73 


4 


71 


72 


4 


77 


72 


5 


69 


73 


5 


77 


73 


6 


71 


73 


6 


75 


73 


7 


73 


72 


7 


73 


73 


8 


73 


73 


8 


72 


73 


9 


73 


73 


9 


72 


73 


10 


74 


72 


10 


72 


73 


11 


75 


72 


11 


72 


73 


12 


iO 


72 


12 


74 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 350 54' i\.; loniritude 66° 14' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 35 58 N. : longitude 65 36 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 50 N. ; longitude 66 23 W. 



Oc: 



27. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


r. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


72 


1 


71 


72 


2 


71 


73 


2 


70 


71 


3 


71 


72 


3 


70 


71 


4 


71 


72 


4 


66 


72 


5 


72 


72 


5 


64 


71 


6 


73 


72 


G 


64 


71 


7 


75 


72 


7 


63 


71 


8 


75 


72 


8 


63 


71 


9 


75 


72 


9 


63 


72 


1) 


73 


72 


10 


63 


72 


11 


73 


72 


11 


63 


72 


12 


i3 


72 


12 


62 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 35° 5t' N. ; longitude 66^ IS' W. 

12 in.— Lititudd 35 56 N. ; longitude 65 55 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 52 N. ; longitude 65 52 W. 



OCTOBEU 28. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


62 


72 


1 


67 


73 


2 


62 


72 


2 


67 


72 


3 


62 


72 


3 


67 


72 


4 


62 


72 


4 


67 


72 


5 


62 


72 


5 


68 


72 


6 


62 


72 


6 


68 


72 


7 


63 


70 


7 


66 


71 


8 


64 


71 


8 


66 


71 


9 


t3 


71 


9 


67 


72 


10 


65 


71 


10 


67 


72 


11 


65 


72 


11 


68 


72 


12 


67 


72 


12 


69 


72 



4 a. ni.— Liiiitude 35° 46' N. ; Ijngitude 650 4'i' W. 

12 m — Lititile35 07 N. ; lungitmle 65 4J VV. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 42 N. ; longitude 65 L-7 VV. 



238 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Ccmlinued. 
October 29. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Huur. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


72 


1 


73 


72 


2 


68 


73 


2 


73 


71 


3 


68 


72 


3 


71 


71 


4 


67 


73 


4 


71 


71 


5 


68 


73 


5 


71 


73 


6 


69 


68 


6 


68 


73 


7 


70 


68 


7 


69 


72 


8 


70 


68 


8 


69 


72 


9 


70 


71 


9 


69 


72 


10 


69 


72 


10 


69 


71 


11 


70 


72 


11 


69 


71 


12 


70 


7. 


12 


69 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 340 27' N. ; longitude 640 35' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 34 57 N. ; longitude 64 58 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 12 N. ; longitude 64 51 W. 

October 30. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


71 


1 


74 


72 


2 


71 


71 


2 


74 


72 


3 


71 


71 


3 


75 


72 


4 


71 


71 


4 


74 


73 


5 


68 


72 


n 


73 


73 


6 


68 


73 


6 


71 


73 


7 


69 


73 


7 


69 


71 


8 


71 


72 


8 


69 


71 


9 


72 


72 


9 


69 


71 


10 


72 


72 


10 


60 


71 


11 


73 


72 


11 


69 


71 


12 


74 


72 


12 


.69 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 340 56' N. ; longitude 64° 31' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 35 19 N. ; longitude 65 08 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 27 N. ; longitude 65 U3 W. 



October 31. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


72 


1 


73 


72 


2 


69 


72 


') 


73 


73 


3 


69 


72 


3 


73 


73 


4 


69 


72 


4 


73 


72 


5 


69 


72 


5 


72 


72 


6 


71 


72 


6 


70 


72 


7 


71 


72 


7 


71 


71 


8 


71 


73 


8 


71 


71 


9 


71 


73 


9 


70 


71 


10 


73 


73 


i 10 


70 


71 


11 


73 


73 


11 


70 


71 


12 


73 


73 


12 


70 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 35° 29' N. ; longitude 64° 39' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 35 22 N. ; longitude 64 04 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 35 12 N. ; lougitudo 63 31 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



239 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
November 1. 



Plour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


70 


72 


1 


74 


73 


2 


70 


72 


2 


75 


73 


3 


71 


72 


3 


74 


73 


4 


71 


72 


4 


74 


72 


5 


69 


72 1 


5 


74 


72 


6 


69 


72 1 


6 


74 


72 


7 


70 


72 i 


7 


70 


72 


8 


70 


72 I 


8 


69 


72 


9 


72 


72 ] 


9 


69 


72 


10 


74 


72 1 


10 


70 


72 


11 


75 


72 ! 


n 


70 


72 


12 


,5 


72 

! 


12 


70 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 34° 59' N. ; longitude 620 43' W. 

]2m.— Latitude 34 37 N. : longitude 61 49 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 33 51 N. ; longitude 61 08 W. 

November 2. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


' P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


71 


1 


73 


73 


2 


69 


71 


2 


73 


74 


3 


69 


71 


3 


73 


74 


4 


68 


71 


4 


72 


73 


5 


68 


71 


5 


72 


74 


6 


68 


71 


6 




74 


7 


69 


72 


7 


72 


72 


8 


70 


72 


8 


72 


72 


9 


72 


72 


9 


71 


73 


10 


72 


72 


10 


69 


73 


11 


72 


73 


11 


69 


73 


12 


72 


73 


12 


69 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 33° 10' N. ; longitude 60° 41' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 46 N. ; longitude 60 24 W. 

8 p. ra.— Latitude 32 47 N. ; longitude 59 56 W. 

November 3. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


73 


i 1 


77 


72 


2 


71 


73 


2 


77 


72 


3 


71 


73 


3 


77 


71 


4 


71 


73 


4 


77 


72 


5 


69 


73 


5 


77 


72 


6 


69 


73 


6 


77 


72 


7 


70 


73 


7 


75 


72 


8 


70 


73 


8 


75 


72 


9 


70 


73 


9 


73 


72 


10 


71 


73 


10 


71 


72 


11 


72 


73 


13 


70 


72 


12 


71 


73 


12 


70 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 320 54' N. ; lonffitude 590 48' W. 

12 m,— Latitude S3 08 N. : longitude 60 10 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 33 08 N. ; longitude 60 25 W. 



240 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature oflhc air and f/ie surface water — Continued. 
November 4. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


r. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


72 


1 


74 


73 


2 


71 


72 


2 


74 


73 


3 


72 


7J 


3 


74 


73 


4 


72 


71 


4 


71 


73 


5 


74 


71 


5 


70 


73 


6 


75 


72 


G 


G8 


73 


7 


75 


72 


7 


70 


73 


8 


16 


72 


8 


70 


73 


9 


80 


74 


9 


70 


73 


10 


78 


73 


10 


70 


73 


11 


78 


73 


11 


70 


73 


12 


78 


73 


12 


70 


73 



4 a. m. 
12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 330 Ob' N. ; 
-Latitude 33 05 IS'. ; 
-Latitude 33 00 N. ; 



longitude Gl)0 15' W. 
longitude U J 1 1 W. 
longitude 5U 5G W. 



November 5. 



A.M. 


O 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


70 


73 


1 


71 


73 


2 


68 


73 


2 


71 


73 


3 


70 


73 


3 


71 


73 


4 


70 


rs 


4 


71 


73 


5 


69 


73 


5 


71 


73 


6 


69 


73 


6 


70 


73 


7 


69 


73 


7 


09 


73 


8 


70 


73 


8 


68 


73 


9 


71 


73 


9 


68 


73 


10 


71 


73 


]0 


68 


•J3 


11 


71 


73 


11 


68 


72 


12 


71 


73 


12 


68 


72 



4 a. in. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude .3-..0 5^' N. : 
■Latitude 32 46 N. : 
-Latitude 32 44 W.: 



longitude 590 51' W. 
longitude 5J 4.') W. 
longitude 5 J 47 W. 



November G. 



A.M. 








r. M. 








I 


68 


72 


1 


78 


72 


2 


70 


72 





77 


73 


3 


70 


72 


3 


75 


73 


4 


70 


72 


4 


75 


72 


5 


68 


72 


5 


75 


72 


6 


68 


72 


6 


75 


72 


7 


6S 


72 


7 


75 


73 


8 


68 


73 


8 


75 


73 


9 


70 


72 


9 


72 


73 


10 


71 


72 


10 


71 


73 


H 


72 


72 


11 


71 


73 


12 


72 


72 


12 


'■I 


73 



4 a. ni.— Latitude :]--0 4L' N.; longitude 59° 40' VV. 

lU in.— Latitude 32 4:J N. ; l«ng.tude 59 49 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 46 N. ; lon^-itude 60 64 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



241 



TemperaUire of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
November 7. 



Hour. 


Ai,. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 


1 
1 




surface. 


A.M. 


o 




1 

i P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


73 


i 1 


75 


72 


2 


71 


73 • 


! 2 


75 


72 


3 


71 


73 


i 3 


75 


72 


4 


71 


73 


1 4 


75 


72 


5 


70 


73 


i 5 


75 


72 


6 


70 


74 


1 6 


75 


72 


7 


70 


73 


1 7 


75 


72 


8 


70 


73 


1 8 


75 


72 


9 


70 


73 


: 9 


75 


72 


10 


68 


73 


10 


74 


72 


11 


68 


73 


11 


74 


72 


12 


68 


73 


12 


74 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 32° 32' N. ; longitude 60° 10' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 40 N. ; longitude 60 14 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 36 N. ; longitude 60 26 W. 

November 8. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


71 


1 


71 


72 


2 


71 


71 


2 


71 


72 


3 


71 


72 


3 


70 


72 


4 


71 


72 


4 


70 


72 


5 


72 


73 


5 


70 


72 


6 


72 


73 


6 


70 


73 


7 


72 


73 


7 


69 


73 


8 


72 


73 


8 


68 


73 


9 


73 


72 


9 


65 


75 


10 


73 


72 


10 


65 


73 


11 


73 


72 


11 


65 


73 


12 


73 


72 


12 


65 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 32° 31' N. ; longitude 60° 28' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 36 N. ; longitude 60 24 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 39 N. ; longitude 59 56 W. 



November 9. 



A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


67 


73 


1 


70 


73 


2 


67 


73 


2 


71 


73 


3 


67 


73 


3 


71 


73 


4 


67 


73 


4 


71 


73 


5 


67 


73 


5 


71 


73 


6 


67 


73 


6 


70 


73 


7 


68 


72 


7 


68 


73 


8 


69 


72 


8 


68 


73 


9 


68 


72 


9 


68 


73 


10 


69 


72 


10 


68 


73 


11 


70 


73 


11 


68 


73 


12 


70 


73 


12 


68 


73 



21 



4 a. m.— Latitude 32° 37' N. ; longitude 59° 43' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 33 N. ; longitude 59 22 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 18 N. ; longitude 59 04 W. 



242 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface vcater — Continued. 
November 10. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


„ 


o 


1 


69 


7.3 


1 


73 


• 74 


2 


69 


73 


2 


73 


74 


3 


69 


7.3 


3 


73 


74 


4 


69 


73 


4 


73 


73 


5 


69 


73 


5 


69 


73 


6 


69 


73 


6 


69 


73 


7 


70 


72 


7 


69 


73 


8 


69 


72 


8 


69 


73 


9 


69 


72 


9 


68 


72 


10 


71 


72 


10 


68 


72 


11 


71 


73 


11 


68 


72 


12 


71 


73 


12 


68 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 32° 05' N. ; longitude 58° 43' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 14 N. ; longitude 58 49 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 12 N. ; longitude 58 49 W. 

November 11. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


68 


73 


1 


72 


74 


2 


68 


73 


2 


72 


73 


3 


68 


73 


3 


72 


73 


4 


68 


73 


4 


72 


73 


5 


68 




5 


71 


73 


6 


68 


74 


6 


71 


73 


7 


67 


74 


7 


69 


73 


8 


68 


74 


8 


69 


73 


9 


70 


74 


9 


69 


73 


10 


71 


74 


10 


69 


73 


11 


71 


74 


11 


69 


73 


12 


71 


74 


12 


69 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 31° 54' N. ; loncitude 58° 3f.' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 31 32 N. ; longitude 57 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 31 53 N. ; longitude 58 25 W, 



November 12. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


73 


1 


70 


73 


2 


69 


73 


2 


70 


73 


3 


69 


73 


3 


69 


73 


4 


69 


73 


4 


69 


73 


5 


69 


73 


S 


68 


73 


6 


69 


73 


6 


68 


73 


7 


70 


73 


7 


67 


73 


8 


71 


73 


8 


67 


73 


9 


68 


73 


9 


66 


73 


10 


68 


73 


10 


6.1 


73 


11 


68 


73 


11 


63 


73 


12 


68 


'-3 


12 


61 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3F 5S' N. ; longitude .58° 18' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 07 N. ; longitude .')8 30 W 

8 p. m.— Latitude 31 56 N. ; longitude 58 20 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



243 



Tem'perature of the air and the surface uxjter- 
NOVEMBER 13. 



-Continued. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


° 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


61 


72 


1 


65 


73 


2 


61 


72 


2 


65 


72 


3 


61 


72 


3 


65 


72 


4 


61 


72 


4 


65 


72 


5 


61 


73 


5 


65 


72 


6 


61 


73 


6 


65 


72 


7 


63 


73 


7 


63 


72 


8 


63 


73 


8 


63 


72 


9 


65 


73 


9 


67 


72. 


10 


65 


73 


10 


67 


72 


11 


66 


72 


11 


67 


72 


12 


66 


72 


12 


67 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 32° 02' N. ; longitude 58° 26' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 06 N. ; longitude 58 41 W. 

8 p. m.~-Latitude 32 09 N. ; longitude 58 22 W. 

November 14. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


65 


72 


1 


70 


72 


2 


65 


72 


2 


70 


72 


3 


65 


72 


3 


70 


72 


4 


65 


72 


4 


69 


72 


5 


68 


72 


5 


69 


72 


6 


69 


72 


6 


65 


72 


7 


69 


72 


7 


65 


72 


8 


70 


72 


8 


65 


72 


9 


70 


72 


9 


65 


72 


10 


71 


72 


10 


65 


72 


11 


72 


72 


11 


65 


71 


12 


72 


72 


12 


63 


70 



a. m.— Latitude 32° 13' N. ; longitude 58° 11' W. 
12 in.— Latitude 32 09 N. ; longitude 57 52 W. 
p. m.— Latitude 32 09 N. ; longitude 56 48 W. 



November 15. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


67 


70 


1 


70 


70 


2 


67 


70 


2 


70 


70 


3 


66 


70 


3 


71 


70 


4 


65 


70 


4 


70 


70 


5 


65 




5 


69 


70 


6 


65 




6 


67 


70 


7 


65 




7 


67 


70 


8 


65 




8 


67 


70 


9 


65 




9 


67 


70 


10 


66 




10 


68 


71 


11 


68 




11 


68 


71 


12 


68 


70 


12 


68 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 31° .36' N. ; longitude 55° 32' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 31 31 N. ; longitude 54 03 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 31 17 N. ; loigitudo 53 22 W. 



244 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface mate?' — Continued. 
November 16. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. iM. 


o 





1 


67 


71 


1 


71 


72 


2 


67 


71 


o 


71 


72 


3 


67 


71 


3 


71 


72 


4 


67 


71 


4 


71 


72 


5 


69 


71 


5 


71 


72 


6 


69 


71 


6 


71 


72 


7 


69 


71 


/ 


69 


71 


8 


69 


71 


8 


69 


71 


9 


69 


71 


9 


69 


71 


10 


69 


71 


10 


69 


71 


11 


69 


71 


11 


69 


71 


12 


69 


71 


,. 


69 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 31° 05' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 31 08 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 31 18 N. 



longitude 53° 27' W. 
longitude 53 28 W. 
longitude 52 47 W. 



November 17. 



P.M. 


o 


o 


A. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


72 


1 


69 


71 


2 


69 


72 


1 2 


69 


71 


3 


68 


72 


3 


69 


71 


4 


68 


72 


4 


69 


71 


5 


68 


72 


5 


69 


71 


6 


69 


72 


6 


69 


71 


7 


69 


72 


t 


69 


71 


8 


69 


72 


« 


69 


71 


9 


69 


72 


9 


69 


71 


10 


69 


72 


10 


69 


71 


11 


70 


72 


11 


69 


71 


12 


70 


72 


12 


69 


71 



4 a. m. — Latitude 31° 

12 m.— Latitude 31 

8 p. m. — Latitude 31 



19' N. ; longitude 51° 58' W. 
05 N. ; longitude 50 59 W. 
04 N. -, longitude 49 35 W. 



November 18. 



A. M. 


" 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


71 


1 


71 


70 


2 


68 


70 


2 


72 


70 


3 


67 


70 


3 


73 


70 


4 


67 


70 


4 


69 


70 


5 


67 


70 


5 


69 


70 


6 


67 


70 


6 


69 


70 


7 


68 


70 


7 


69 


70 


8 


69 


71 


8 


69 


70 


9 


70 


70 


9 


69 


70 


10 


69 


70 


10 • 


68 


69 


11 


69 


70 


11 


67 


70 


12 


69 


™ 1 


. 


67 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 31° 04' N. ; longitude 48° 23' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 30 59 N. ; longitude 47 26 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 31 00 N. ; longitude 46 30 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



245 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
November 19. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


71 


1 


73 


70 


2 


69 


71 


2 


73 


70 


3 


69 


71 


3 


73 


70 


4 


69 


70 


4 


73 


70 


5 


65 


69 


5 


71 


70 


6 


65 


69 


6 


71 


70 


7 


66 


69 


7 


69 


69 


8 


69 


69 


8 


69 


69 


9 


70 


69 


9 


69 


69 


10 


72 


69 


10 


70 


69 


11 


72 


70 


11 


70 


69 


12 


73 


70 


12 


70 


69 



4 a. m.— Latitude 31° 

12 m.— Latitude 31 

8 p. m. — ^Latitude 30 



01' N. ; longitude 45° 25' W. 
02 N. ; longitude 44 21 W. 
56 N. ; longitude 43 29 W. 



November 20. 



Hour. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


68 


69 


1 


72 


71 


2 


68 


69 


2 


72 


71 


3 


68 


69 


3 


72 


70 


4 


68 


69 


4 


72 


70 


5 


69 


69 


5 


72 


70 


6 


69 


70 


6 


70 


70 


7 


69 


69 


7 


69 


70 


8 


70 


69 


8 


69 


70 


9 


69 


70 


9 


68 


70 


10 


70 


70 


10 


68 


70 


11 


70 


70 


11 


68 


70 


12 


71 


70 


12 


68 


70 



: a. m.— Latitude 30° 32' N. ; longitude 42° 47' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 29 52 N. ; longitude 42 13 W. 
: p. m.— Latitude 29 40 N. ; longitude 41 55 W, 



November 21. 



• 












A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 








1 


68 


69 


1 


75 


72 


2 


68 


69 


2 


75 


72 


3 


68 


69 


3 


73 


70 


4 


68 


69 


4 


73 


70 


5 


68 


69 


5 


73 


71 


6 


68 


70 


6 


73 


71 


7 


68 


70 


7 


71 


70 


8 


69 


70 


8 


71 


70 


9 


70 


70 


9 


71 


70 


10 


71 


71 


10 


71 


70 


11 


72 


71 


11 


71 


70 


12 


73 


71 


12 


71 


70 



4 a. m.— Latitude 29° 20' N. ; longitude 41° 32' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 29 05 N. ; longitude 41 27 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 28 40 N. ; longitude 41 10 W. 



246 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
November 22. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 




o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


69 


71 


1 


C9 


70 


2 


69 


70 


2 


68 




3 


69 


71 


3 


63 




4 


69 


70 


4 


68 




5 


69 


71 


5 


69 




6 


69 


71 


6 


69 




7 


69 


71 


7 


69 




8 


70 


71 


8 


69 




9 


70 


71 


9 


69 




10 


70 


71 


10 


69 


72 


11 


71 


71 


11 


69 


72 


12 


71 


71 


12 


69 


71 



4 a. m.— Latitude 280 22' N. : 

12 ra.— Latitud3 27 53 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 27 35 N. 



lonsritude 40O 56' W. 
longitude 40 32 W. 
lonsrituds 40 09 W. 



November 23. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


63 


72 


1 


75 


73 


2 


68 


73 


2 


75 


73 


3 


68 


73 


3 


75 


73 


4 


67 


73 


4 


75 


73 


5 


67 


73 


5 


73 


74 


6 


68 


73 


6 


71 


73 


7 


68 


74 


7 


67 


72 


8 


63 


73 


8 


67 


72 


9 


69 


73 


9 


68 


71 


10 


71 


73 


10 


68 


71 


11 


74 


73 


11 


67 


71 


12 


74 


73 


12 


C7 


71 



4 a. m— Latitude 27° 07' N. ; longitude 39^ 22' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 26 44 N. ; longituda 38 40 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 26 28 N. ; longitude 38 15 W. 

November 24. 











i 




A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 




o 


1 


68 


72 


1 


77 




2 


63 


73 


o 


77 




3 


69 


73 


3 


77 




4 


69 


73 


4 


73 




5 


69 


73 


5 


73 




6 


69 


74 


6 


73 


73 


7 


70 


74 


7 


73 


73 


8 


70 


74 


8 


71 


73 


9 


70 


74 


!) 


71 


73 


10 


70 


74 


10 


71 


73 


11 


71 


74 


11 


6i) 


73 


12 


73 


74 


12 


69 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 26^ 06' N. ; longitude 370 50' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 25 25 N. ; longitude 37 49 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 25 34 N. ; longitude 37 30 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



247 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
November 25. 



Hoar. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


72 


73 


1 


74 


74 


2 


72 


72 


2 


73 


74 


3 


72 


72 


3 


73 


73 


4 


■ 72 




4 


73 


73 


5 


72 




5 


73 


73 


6 


72 




6 


73 


73 


7 


72 




7 


72 


74 


8 


73 




8 


72 


74 


9 


73 


74 


9 


72 


74 


10 


73 


74 


10 


71 


74 


11 


74 


74 


11 


71 


74 


12 


73 


74 


12 


71 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 25° 30' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 25 30 N. 

8 p. in.— Latitude 25 25 N. : 



longitude 370 20' W. 
lonffitude 37 29 W. 
lonu-itude 37 40 W. 



November 26. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


74 


1 


75 


74 


2 


71 


73 


2 


75 


74 


3 


71 


73 


3 


75 


74 


4 




73 


4 


73 


73 


1 5 




73 


5 


70 


73 


6 




73 


6 


70 


73 


7 




73 


7 


70 


73 


8 




73 


8 


70 


73 


9 


74 


74 


9 


70 


73 


10 




73 


10 


70 


73 


11 




73 


11 


70 


73 


12 




72 


12 


70 


73 



a. m.— Latitude 25^ 27' N. ; longitude 37° 43' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 25 30 N. ; longitude 37 42 W. 
1 p. m.— Latitude 25 32 N. ; longitude 37 59 W. 



November 27. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


73 


1 


75 


74 


2 


71 


74 


o 


75 


74 


3 


71 


74 


3 


75 


74 


4 


71 


74 


4 


75 


74 


5 


71 


73 


5 


75 


74 


6 


71 


73 


6 


74 


74 


7 


71 


73 


7 


73 


73 


8 


71 


74 


8 


73 


73 


9 


74 


74 


9 


72 


73 


10 


75 


74 


10 


72 


73 


11 


74 


74 


11 


72 


73 


12 


74 


74 


12 


72 


73 



: a. m.— Latitude 250 26' N. ; longitude 37° 5C' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 25 33 N. ; lomntude 38 05 W. 
! p. m.— Latitude 25 22 N. ; longitude 37 31 W. 



248 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temp&rature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
November 28. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


72 


72 


1 


79 


74 


2 


72 


72 


2 


79 


74 


3 


72 


72 


3 


79 


74 


4 


72 


72 


4 


7a 


74 


5 


71 


74 


5 


77 


75 


6 


71 


74 


6 


75 


75 


7 


71 


74 


7 


75 


75 


8 


72 


75 


8 


75 


75 


9 


73 


74 


9 


73 


74 


10 


74 


74 


10 


71 


74 


11 


75 


75 


11 


71 


74 


12 


75 


75 


12 


71 


74 



a. m.— Latitude 250 10' N. ; longitude 36° 52' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 25 05 N. ; longitude 36 18 W. 
i p. m.— Latitude 24 57 N. ; longitude 35 43 W. 

November 29. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 





1 


73 


73 


1 


76 


75 


2 


73 


73 


2 


77 


75 


3 


73 


73 


3 


77 


75 


4 


73 


73 


4 


77 


75 


• 5 


73 


74 


5 


76 


75 


6 


73 


74 


6 


76 


75 


7 


73 


74 


7 


74 


74 


8 


73 


73 


8 


74 


74 


9 


73 


74 


9 


73 


74 


10 


73 


74 


10 


73 


74 


11 


75 


74 


11 


73 


74 


12 


75 


75 


12 


73 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 240 46' N. ; longitude 34° 4.3' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 24 27 N. ; longitude 33 59 W. 

8 p. tn.— Latitude 23 57 N. ; longitude 33 20 W. 



November 30. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


74 


1 


76 


77 


2 


71 


74 


2 


76 


77 


3 . 


70 


73 


3 


77 


77 


4 


70 


73 


4 


73 


77 


5 


70 


73 


5 


73 


77 


6 


70 


73 


6 


73 


77 


7 


72 


73 


7 


73 


77 


8 


74 


73 


8 


72 


76 


9 


75 


74 


9 


71 


75 


10 


75 


75 


10 


71 


75 


11 


75 


77 


11 


71 


75 


12 


75 


77 


12 


71 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 23° 43' N.; longitude 320 41' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 23 41 N. ; longitude 32 39 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 23 41 N. ; longitude 32 39 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



249 



TemjperaUire oj the air and the surface water — Continued. 
December 1. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Houi. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


78 


75 


2 


73 


75 


2 


78 


75 


3 


73 


75 


3 


79 


75 


4 


73 


75 


4 


79 


76 


5 


73 . 


75 


5 


77 


76 


6 


73 


75 


6 


75 


75 


7 


74 


75 


7 


71 


75 


8 


75 


77 


8 


71 


75 


9 


76 


77 


9 


71 


75 


10 


77 


77 


10 


71 


75 


11 


77 


77 


11 


70 


75 


12 


77 


77 


12 


70 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 23° 20' 

12 m.— Latitude 23 10 

8 p. m.— Latitude 23 17 



N. ; longitude 32° 25' W. 
N. ; longitude 32 24 W. 
N. ; longitude 32 33 W. 



December 2. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


70 


75 


1 


76 


75 


2 


70 


75 


2 


76 


75 


3 


70 


75 


3 


78 


76 


4 


70 


75 


4 


77- 


?^ 


5 


71 


75 


5 


75 


6 


73 


75 


6 


75 


75 


7 


74 


75 


7 


75 


75 


8 


75 


75 


8 


74 


75 


9 


76 


77 


9 


73 


74 


10 


73 


75 


10 


73 


74 


• 11 


73 


74 


11 


73 


74 


• 12 


73 


74 


12 


73 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 23° 22' N. ; longitude 320 24' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 23 20 N. ; longitude 32 15 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 23 41 N. ; longitude 32 05 W. 



December 3. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


74 ■ 


1 


75 


75 


2 


73 


74 


2 


75 


75 


3 


72 


74 


3 


75 


75 


4 


72 


74 


4 


76 


75 


5 


74 


75 


5 


76 


75 


6 


75 


75 


6 


76 


75 


7 


75 


75 


7 


76 


75 


8 


75 


75 


8 


76 


74 


9 


75 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


75 


75 


10 


73 


75 


11 


77 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


77 


75 


12 


71 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 240 04' N. ; longitude 320 24' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 24 09 N. ; longitude 32 13 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 23 46 N. ; longitude 31 53 W. 



250 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface loater — Continued. 
December 4. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surfa.ce. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


72 


75 


1 


75 


75 


2 


72 


75 


') 


75 


75 


3 


71 


75 


3 


75 


75 


4 


71 


75 


4 


74 


75 


5 


73 


75 


5 


72 


75 


6 


73 


75 


6 


72 


74 


7 


74 


75 


7 


72 


74 


8 


75 


75 


8 


72 


74 


9 


75 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


75 


75 


10 


73 


75 


11 


76 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


76 


75 


12 


73 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 23° 28' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 23 00 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 22 36 N. 



longitude 31© 23' W. 
longitude 30 48 W. 
longitude 30 16 W. 



December 5. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


76 


75 


o 


73 


75 




76 


75 


3 


73 


75 


3 


76 


75 


• 4 


73 


75 


4 


76 


75 


5 


72 


75 


5 


76 


75 


6 


72 


75 


6 


75 


75 


7 


74 


75 


7 


74 


75 


8 


75 


75 


8 


73 


75 


9 


75 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


77 


75 


10 


72 


75 


11 


76 


75 


11 


72 


?^ • 


12 


77 


75 


12 


72 



4 a. m.— Latitude 210 59' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 21 30 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 20 58 N. 



longitude 29° 39' W. 
longitude 29 12 W. 
lono-itude 28 38 W. 



December 6. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


* P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


76 


75 


2 


73 


75 


2 


76 


75 


3 


73 


75 


3 


75 


75 


4 


73 


75 


4 


75 


75 


5 


72 


75 


5 


75 


75 


6 


73 


75 


6 


75 


75 


7 


75 


75 


7 


73 


75 


8 


75 


75 


8 


73 


75 


9 


73 


75 


9 


72 


75 


10 


73 


75 


10 


72 


75 


11 


73 


75 


11 


72 


75 


12 


73 


75 


1. 


72 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 20O 22' N. ; longitude 28° 02' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 20 02 N. ; longitude 27 34 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 19 32 N. ; longitude 26 45 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



251 



Tem-perature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
December 7. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


77 


75 


2 


73 


75 


2 


75 


75 


3 


73 


75 


3 


75 


75 


4 


73 


75 . 


4 


75 


75 


5 


73 


75 


5 


75 


75 


6 


73 


75 


6 


74 


75 


7 


74 


75 


7 


73 


75 


8 


74 


75 


8 


73 


75 


9 


75 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


75 


75. 


10 


73 


75 


11 


78 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


78 


75 


12 


73 


75 



a. m.— Latitude ISO 57' N. ; longitude 26° 04' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 18 39 N. ; longitude 25 26 W. 
p. ra — Latitude 18 20 N. ; longitude 25 04 W. 

December 8. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


75 


1 


74 


75 


2 


71 


75 


2 


74 


75 


3 


71 


75 


3 


- 75 


75 


4 


71 


75 


4 


75 


75 


5 


71 


75 


5 


74 


75 


6 


72 


75 


6 


73 


75 


7 


74 


75 


7 


73 


75 


8 


74 


75 


8 


73 


75 


9 


74 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


74 


75 


10 


73 


75 


11 


74 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


74 


75 


12 


73 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 17° 45' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 17 53 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 17 36 N. 



longitude 24° 18' W. 
longitude 24 15 W. 
longitude 23 33 W. 



December 9. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


79 


75 


2 


73 


75 


2 


79 


75 


3 


73 


75 


3 


79 


75 


4 


73 


75 


4 


77 


75 


5 


73 


75 


5 


75 


75 


6 


73 


75 


6 


74 


75 


7 


73 


75 


7 


73 


74 


8 


74 


75 


8 


73 


74 


9 


75 


75 


9 


73 


74 


10 


76 


75 


10 


73 


75 


11 


77 


75 


11 


73 


74 


12 


78 


75 


12 


73 


74 



4a. m— Lxtituds 17° 37' N. ; longitude 230 3C' W. 

12 m.— Latitude IB 22 N. ; longitude 24 11 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 18 47 N. ; longitude 24 24 W. 



252 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
December 10. 



Hour. 


Air. 


' Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


74 


/D 


1 


76 


75 


2 


74 


75 


2 


76 


75 


3 


74 


75 


3 


76 


75 


4 


74 


75 


4 


76 


75 


5 


74 


75 


5 




75 


6 


74 


75 


6 




75 


7 


74 


75 


7 




75 


8 


75 


75 


8 




75 


9 


73 


75 


9 




75 


10 


73 


75 


10 




75 


11 


73 


75 


11 




74 


12 


75 


■ 75 


12 




75 



4 a. m.— Latitude ISO 11' N. ; longitude 230 56' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 18 11 N. ; longitude 23 45 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 17 42 N. ; longitude 23 10 W. 



December 11. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 





o 


1 


71 


75 


1 


73 


75 


2 


71 


75 


2 


73 


75 


3 


71 


75 


3 


73 


75 


4 


71 


75 


4 


73 


75 


5 


71 


75 


5 


73 


75 


6 


72 


75 


6 


73 


75 


7 


73 


75 


7 


73 


75 


8 


73 


75 


8 


73 


74 


9 


73 


75 


9 


73 


75 


10 


75 


75 


10 


73 


75 


11 


75 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


75 


75 


12 


73 


75 



4 a. m. 

12 m.- 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 17° 49' N. ; longitude 23° 11' W. 
-Latitude 17 27 N. ; longitude 22 43 W. 
-Latitude 16 52 N. ; longitude 22 03 W. 



December 12. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 


79 


75 


2 


73 


75 


2 


79 


75 


3 


71 


74 


3 


78 


75 


4 


71 


74 


4 


75 


75 


5 


7] 


74 


5 


77 


75 


6 


71 


74 


6 


. 73 


75 


7 


71 


74 


7 


71 


74 


8 


74 


74 


8 


71 


74 


9 


73 


74 


9 


73 


74 


10 


73 


75 


10 


73 


74 


11 


73 


75 


11 


73 


74 


12 


75 


75 


12 


73 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 16° 24' N. ; longitude 210 28' W, 

12 m.— Latitude 15 58 N. ; longitude 20 50 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 16 37 N. ; longitude 20 56 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



253 



Tem'perature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
December 13. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


73 


74 


1 


80 


75 


2 


72 


... 74 


2 


80 


75 


3 


72 


74 


3 


79 


75 


4 


72 


75 


4 


79 


75 


5 


72 


75 


5 


77 


75 


6 


72 


75 


6 


75 


75 


7 


73 


75 


7 


73 


74 


8 


73 


75 


8 


71 


74 


9 


73 


75 


9 


71 


74 


10 


74 


75 


10 


71 


74 


11 


74 


75 


11 


71 


74 


12 


74 


75 


12 


71 


74 



4 a. m.— Latitude 16° 32' N. ; longitude 20o 49' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 16 29 N. ; longitude 20 56 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 16 23 N. ; longitude 20 54 W. 

December 14. 



A.M. 


- o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


74 


1 


76 


75 


2 


71 


74 


2 


76 


74 


3 


72 


73 


3 


76 


74 


4 


72 


73 


4 


76 


74 


5 


72 


74 


5 


75 


73 


6 


72 


75 


6 


74 


73 


7 


74 


75 


7 


73 


.74 


8 


75 


75 


8 


73 


73 


9 


76 


75 


9 


72 


73 


10 


77 


75 


10 


71 


74 


11 


77 


■75 


11 


71 


74 


12 


77 


75 


12 


71 


74 



a. m.~Latitude 160 18' N. ; longitude 2G0 35' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 16 33 N. ; longitude 20 54 W. 
p. m.— Latitude 16 58 N. ; longitude 21 29 W. 



December, 15 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


74 


1 


77 


74 


2 


71 


74 


2 


77 


74 


3 


71 


74 


3 


77 


74 


4 


71 


74 


4 


76 


74 


5 


71 


74 


5 


76 


74 


6 


73 


73 


6 


76 


74 


7 


75 


73 


7 


74 


73 


8 


75 


73 


1 8 


73 


73 


9 


77 


73 


9 


73 


73 


10 


77 


73 


1 10 


73 


75 


11 


77 


74 


1 11 


73 


75 


12 


" 


74 


1 12 

i 


73 


. 75 



[ a. m.— Latitude 16° 45' N. ; longitude 210 16' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 17 00 N. ; longitude 21 36 W. 
) p. m.— Latitude 16 37 N. ; longitude 22 03 W. 



254 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
December 16. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 





O 


1 


72 


75 




77 


76 


2 


72 


74 




77 


76 


3 


72 


75 




75 


76 


4 


72 


75 




75 


75 


5 


71 


74 




73 


75 


6 


71 


■ 74 




73 


75 


7 


71 


74 




76 


75 


8 


75 


75 


8 




75 


9 


77 


75 


9 


74 


75 


10 


77 




10 


73 


75 


11 


77 > 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


77 


75 


12 


73 


75 



4 a. m.— Latitude 150 37' N. ; longitude 210 51' W, 

12 m.— Latitude 15 07 N. ; longitude 22 00 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 15 11 N. ; longitude 22 37 W. 



December 17. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


75 


1 








2 


73 


75 


2 










3 


73 


75 


3 










4 


73 


75 


■ 4 










5 


71 


73 


5 










6 


71 


73 


6 


. 








7 


73 


73 


7 










8 


75 


73 


8 




. 






9 


75 


73 


9 










10 


77 • 


73 


10 










11 


78 


73 


11 










12 


78 


73 


12 


• 









4 a. m— Latitude 150 05' N. ; longitude 220 23' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 15 03 N. ; longitude 23 lU W 
8 p. m. — Porto Pray a. 



S. Doc. 59. 



255 



ture of the air and the nirface water — Continued. 
PORTO PRAYA. 





Dec 


18. 


Dec 


19. 


Dec 


20. 


Dec 


21. 


Deo 


22. 


Dec 


23. 


Dec 


24. 


Dec 


25. 




.•3 


.2 


^ 


1 


< 


.2 




1 


< 


1 


'< 


1 


< 


1 


'< 


•A 

1 




11 
11 
79 
79 
75 
73 




73 
75 

77 
77 
75 
71 


75 
75 

76 


71 
73 
75 
77 
76 
71 


75 
75 
75 

75 

75 
75 


75 
75 
75 
77 

75 
73 


75 

75 
75 
75 
75 
76 


71 
72 
77 
77 
77 
73 


75 
75 

75 
76 
75 


73 

77 
79 
79 
76 
78 


75 

75 
75 
75 


73 
74 

" 

76 
76 
73 


75 
75 

75 
75 
75 
75 


73 

73 
79 
77 
77 
76 


75 




75 




75 




75 




75 


Midnight 


75 



PORTO PRAYA— Continued. 





Dec 


26. 


Dec 


27. 


Dec 


28. 


Dec 


29. 


Dec 


30. 


Dec 


81. 


Jan 


.1. 


Jan 


. 2. 




.•a 


1 


'< 


1 


i 


1 


< 


1 


< 


1 


< 




'< 


1 


'< 


^ 




73 
75 
79 
79 
76 
78 


75 
75 
75 

•• 


73 

74 
81 
79 
77 
73 


75 
76 
75 
75 
75 
75 


78 

78 
77 
77 
73 
73 


76 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 


73 
75 

78 
78 
77 
74 


75 
76 
75 
75 
75 

,5 




71 
75 
77 
77 
73 
71 


p 

75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 


78 

73 
79 
83 
73 
71 


75 
75 
75 

75 
75 


71 
73 

7, 

81 
76 
73 


75 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 




71 
73 

77 
77 
75 
78 


75 


8a m 


75 




75 




75 


8 p. m 


75 


Midnight 









256 



S. Doc. 59. 



TemperaUire of the- air and the surface water — Continued. 
January 3. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


1 P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


72 




1 


83 


76 


2 


73 




i 2 


83 


76 


3 


74 




1 3 


83 


76 


4 


75 




1 4 


82 


76 


5 


75 


75 


5 


79 


75 


6 


76 




1 6 


77 


75 


7 


77 




i "^ 


77 


75 


8 


77 


75 


1 8 


77 


75 


9 


78 


75 


9 


77 


75 


10 


79 


75 


10 


7fi 


75 


11 


79 


75 


11 


76 


75 


12 


79 


75 


12 


75 


75 



4 a. m. — Porto Praya. 

12 m.— Latitude 14© 46' N. 
8 p. m.— Latitude 14 47 N. ; 



longitude 23° 50' W. 
longitude 24 23 W. 



January 4. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


6 


■ ° 1 


1 


75 


75 


1 


83 


77 1 


2 


75 


75 


2 


83 


77 


3 


75 


75 


3 


83 


77 


4 


75 


75 


4 


83 


76 


5 


73 


75 


5 


83 


77 


6 


73 


75 


6 


77 


75 


7 


2^ 


to 


7 


75 


75 


8 


•75 


75 


8 


71? 


ti) 


9 


77 


75 


9 


75 


75 


10 


79 


75 


10 


75 


75 


11 


81 


75 


11 


73 


75 


12 


83 


75 


,. 


73 


75 



a. m. — Off Fogo island. 
12 m.— Off Fogo island, 
p. m. — Off Fogo island. 



January 5. 





A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 




1 


73 


75 


1 


77 


75 




2 


73 


75 


2 


77 


75 




3 


73 


75 


! 3 


77 


75 




4 


73 


75 


1 4 


77 


75 




5 


74 


75 


5 


76 


75 




6 


75 


75 


6 


76 


75 




7 


77 


75 


7 


75 


75 




8 


77 


75 


8 


75 


75 




9 


78 


75 


9 


73 


75 




10 


78 


75 


10 


73 


75 




11 


79 


75 


11 


73 


75 




12 


79 


75 


12 


73 


75 



4 a. m.— Off Brava island. 
12 m.— Off Brava island. 
8 p. m.— Latitude 14° 33' N. ; longitude 24° 22' W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



257 



Temperature of the air and the surf axe water- 
January 6. 



-Continued. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


71 


74 


1 


75 


74 


2 


71 


74 


2 


76 


74 


3 


71 


74 


3 


76 


74 


4 


71 


74 [ 


4 


76 


75 


5 


72 


74 


5 


76 


75 


6 


73 


74 : 


6 


75 


75 


7 


73 


74 


7 


75 


75 


8 


73 


73 


8 


75 


75 


9 


73 


73 ! 


9 


75 


75 


10 


73 


74 : 


10 


kO 


75 


11 


75 


75 


n 


75 


75 


12 


77 


75 ; 


12 


75 


75 



4 a.«m.— Latitude 13© 38' N. ; longitude 23° 38' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 13 01 N. ; longitude 22 58 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 12 09 N. ; longitude 22 25 W. 

January 7. 



A. M. 


c 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


74 


75 


1 


77 


75 


2 


74 


75 


2 


77 


77 


3 


74 


75 


3 


78 


77 


4 


74 


75 


4 


79 


77 


5 


74 


75 


5 


79 


77 


6 


75 


75 


6 


77 


77 


7 


75 1 


75 


7 


76 


76 


8 


77 1 


75 


8 


76 


76 


9 


76 j 


75 ; 


9 


77 


76 


10 


77 1 


75 


10 


75 


77 


11 


77 j 


75 i 


11 


75 


77 


12 


77 j 


75 j 


12 


75 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 110 19' N. ; longitude 220 02' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 10 37 N. ; longitude 21 43 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 9 45 N. ; longitude 21 22 W. 



January 8. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


1 o 


1 


75 


77 


! 1 


85 


79 


2 


75 


77 


1 2 


85 


79 


3 


75 


77 


3 


85 


79 


4 


75 


77 


4 


83 


79 


5 


76 


77 


5 


81 


78 


6 


77 




6 


81 


' 78 


7 


77 


77 


7 


77 


77 


8 


77 


78 


8 


75 


77 


9 


80 


77 


9 


77 


78 


10 


73 


7S 


10 


77 


78 


11 


73 


78 


13 


77 


78 


12 


73 


78 


VI 


" 


78 



22 



4 a. m.— Latitude 90 ();-,' N. ; lonffitude 210 {J5' W. 

12 in.— Latitude 8 -13 N. ; longitude 20 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 7 50 N. ; longitude 20 33 W. 



258 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of (he air and llic surface water — Continued 
January 9. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


7G 


78 


1 




79 


2 


7(i 


78 


2 




79 


3 


7(; 


78 


3 


81 


79 


4 


7G 


78 


4 


81 


79 


5 


76 


78 


f) 


81 


79 


G 


77 


78 


6 


79 


79 


7 


77 


78 


7 


81 


79 


8 


79 


78 


8 


80 


79 


9 


83 


78 


9 


79 


79 


11) 


83 


78 


10 


79 


79 


11 


83 


79 


11 


79 


79 


12 


83 


79 


12 


77 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 70 25' N. ; lonnritude 20© ]1'^\ 

12 m.— Lititude 7 15 N. ; lonjritudc 20 07 W. 

8 p. m.— L:itilude G 47 N. ; lonijitude 20 GO W. 



January 10. 





A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 




1 


77 


79 


1 


83 


80 




<2 


77 


79 


o 


85 


80 




3 


77 


79 


3 


85 


83 




4 


77 


79 


4 


85 


80 






79 


79 


o 


85 


80 


\ 


G 


79 


79 


G 


81 


80 




7 


79 


79 


7 


80 


78 




8 


81 


79 


8 


79 


78 




9 


83 


79 


9 


78 


79 




10 


83 


79 


10 


77 


79 




11 


83 


80 


11 




79 




12 


83 


80 


12 


7G 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 60 01' N. ; longitude 19° 46' W. 

12 tn.— Latitude 5 43 N. ; longitude J9 37 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 5 23 N. : lungitudc 19 34 W. 



January 11. 



A. M. 


o 




O 




P.M. 




O 


o 


1 


79 




79 




1 




83 


79 


o 


77 




79 









8.3 


79 


3 


77 




79 




3 




85 


81 


4 


77 




79 




4 




85 


81 


5 


77 




79 




r> 




85 


»1 


G 


77 




79 




G 




84 


80 


7 






79 




7 




83 


79 


8 


79 




79 




8 




K3 


79 


9 


81 




79 




9 




81 


79 


10 


81 




79 




10 




81 


79 ,' 


11 


81 




79 




11 




79 


79 ; 


12 


82 




79 




12 




79 


. i 




4 11. in.— Latitude 


40 4^' 


N 


. ; loncitude J90 30' 


W. 


1 




12 m. — Latitude 


4 33 


N 


. ; longiluile ]9 24 


\v. 


1 




8 p. m.— Lat 


itudc 


4 25 


N 


; longitude 19 


20 


W. 


1 



S Doe. 59. 



259 



Temperature rjthe air and the surface water — Continued. 
January 12. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surfdce. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 

• 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


79 


1 


83 


80 


2 


78 


79 


2 


83 


81 


3 


77 


79 


3 


83 


81 


4 


76 


79 


4 


82 


81 


5 


77 


79 


5 


hi 


81 


C 


77 


79 


6 


81 


79 


7 


77 


79 


7 


81 


80 


8 


77 


79 


8 


81 


80 


9 


79 


80 


9 


78 


81 


10 


79 


80 


10 


77 


81 


11 


81 


79 


11 


77 


80 


V2 


81 


80 


12 


77 


80 



4 a. m. — Latitude 4° 07' 

12 m.— Latitude 4 05 

8 p. m. — Latitude 4 06 



longitude 19° 14' W. 
longitude 19 12 W. 
longitude 19 15 W. 



January 13. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 


75 


78 


2 


79 


79 1 


2 


77 


78 


3 


7!) 


79 


3 


77 


78 


4 


79 


79 


4 


77 


78 


5 




79 


5 


77 


78 


G 




79 


6 


77 


78 


7 




81? 


7 


72 


78 


8 


75 


81? 


8 


72 


78 


9 


75 


77 


9 


75 


79 


10 


75 


77 


10 


75 


79 


11 


75 


77 


11 


75 


79 


12 


75 


77 


12 


75 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 40 08' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 15 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 12 N. 



longitude 190 18' W. 
longitude 19 19 W. 
longitude 19 20 W. 



January 14. 



A. M. 


o 




O 


1 


P. M. 




o 


o 


1 


75 




79 


1 


1 




87 


81 


2 


75 




79 




2 




87 


81 


3 


75 




79 




3 




87 


81 


4 


75 




79 




4 




87 


79 


5 


77 




79 




5 




85 


79 


G 


77 




79 




G 




81 


79 


7 


79 




80 




7 




80 


7i) 


8 


81 




80 




8 




80 


79 


9 


81 




80 




9 




77 


80 


10 


83 




80 




10 




77 


71 


11 


83 




80 




IF 




77 


79 


12 


83 




8J 




12 




76 


79 




4a. m. 


—Latitude 30 5o' 


N 


; longitude li)0 YJ 


W. 






12 m. 


—Latitude 3 45 


N 


; |..i:gllude 19 07 


W 






8 p. m. 


— La 


titude 3 41 


N 


; longitude 10 


C'5 


W. 





260 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tcmjicratnre of the air mid ihc sitrface tvatcr — Continued. 
Januarv 15. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


• 
< 




surface. 






surface. 












A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


79 


80 


1 


87 


81 


2 


79 


80 


2 


87 


81 


3 


79 


79 


.3 


85 


81 


4 


79 


79 


4 


85 


81 


5 


77 


79 


.5 


85 


82 


6 


77 


79 


G 


85 


82 


7 


77 


79 


7 


81 


81 


8 


77 


79 


8 


80 


79 


9 


81 


79 ! 


9 


81 


80 


10 


86 


80 ; 


10 


81 


80 


11 


8G 


80 ! 


1] 


81 


80 


12 


87 


80 j 


12 


81 


8-9 



4 a. m.— Latitude .30 51' 

12 m.— Latitude 3 51 

8 p. m. — Latitude 3 45 



longitude 190 OP W. 
longitude 19 05 W. 
longitude 19 02 W. 



January 16. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 


81 


79 


2 


77 


79 


o 


81 


79 


3 


77 


79 ; 


3 


,79 


79 


4 


77 


79 ; 


4 


78 


79 


5 


78 


79 1 


f) 


78 


80 


6 


79 


80 j 


6 


77 


79 


7 


81 


80 


/ 


77 


80 


8 


80 


80 


8 


77 


80 


9 


81 


80 


9 


77 


80 


10 


81 


80 


10 


77 


79 


11 


81 


80 


11 


77 


79 


12 


81 


80 


12 


77 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude SO 3S' N. ; longitude ISO 40' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 12 N. -, longitude 18 ;^5 W. 

8 p. ni.— Latitude 3 02 N. ; longitude lb 50 W. 



January 17. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


O 


1 

O 


1 


77 


79 


I 


84 


80 


2 


77 


79 


o 


85 


81 


3 


77 


79 


3 


86 


81 


5 


77 


79 


4 


86 


81 


5 


77 


79 


5 


85 


82 


6 


78 


79 


G 


84 


82 


7 


78 


80 


7 


81 


81 


8 


78 


80 


8 


81 


81 


9 


SO 


80 


;) 


81 


81 


10 


83 


. 80 


10 


81 


81 


11 


83 


80 


11 


81 


81 


12 


63 


80 


12 


81 


^' 1 



4 a. ni.— Laliliide ."jO (fj N.; longitude lb© 3V W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 (.2 N. ; loi gitude 18 ::5 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 3 00 N. ; longitude 18 34 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



261 



Tcmperalui-e of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
January 18. 



4 a. m. 

12 m.- 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 3° OC N. ; longitude 180 43' W. 
-Latitude 2 42 N. ; longitude 19 07 W. 
-Latitude 2 34 N. ; longitude 19 27 W. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 


84 


81 


2 


79 


80 


2 


83 


81 


3 


77 


80 


3 


83 


81 


4 


77 


80 


4 


81 


81 


5 


78 


80 


5 


81 


81 


6 


78 


80 


6 


81 


82 


7 


79 


79 


t 


80 


80 


8 


82 


80 


8 


80 


80 


9 


83 


80 


9 


79 


81 


10 


83 


80 i 


10 


79 


80 


11 


83 


80 


11 


78 


80 


12 


84 


80 


12 


77 


80 



January 19. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


1 

1 P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 


83 


80 


2 


79 


80 


2 


83 


80 


3 


79 


79 


3 


83 


80 


4 


79 


79 


4 


82 


80 


5 


78 


79 


5 


82 


80 


6 


79 


79 


6 


81 


80 


7 


80 


79 


7 


81 


79 


8 


81 


80 


8 


79 


80 


9 


83 


80 


9 


79 


80 


10 


82 


80 


10 


79 


80 


11 


82 


80 


11 


70 


80 


12 


82 


80 


12 


79 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° 20' N. ; lono-itude 19° 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 15 N. ; longitude 20 11 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 1 50 N. : longitude 20 14 W. 



January 20. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


79 


1 


82 


79 


2 


78 


79 


2 


82 


79 


3 


78 


79 


3 


82 


79 


4 


78 


79 


4 


82 


79 


5 


78 


79 


5 


81 


79 


6 


78 


79 


6 


81 


79 


7 


79 


79 


7 


80 


79 


8 


81 


79 


8 


79 


80 


9 


82 


79 


9 


79 


79 


10 


83 


83 


10 


78 


79 


11 


83 


8J 


11 


77 


79 


12 


83 


80 


12 


77 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude lO 34' N. ; longitude 20° 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 40 N. ; longitude 21 29 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 21 N. ; long,tude 21 48 \V. 



262 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivaler — ConlhiucJ. 
January 21. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. iM. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


79 


1 


81 


79 


2 


71) 


79 


o 


81 


79 


3 


7'J 


79 


3 


81 


79 


4 


78 


79 


1 ^ 


81 


79 


5 


78 


79 


5 


81 


78 


G 


78 


79 


G 


81 


78 


7 


78 


78 


7 


80 


79 


8 


79 


78 


8 


8.) 


78 


» 


81 


78 


9 


79 


79 


10 


83 


78 


19 


79 


78 


11 


83 


78 


1 11 


79 


78 


1:2 


83 


79 


1:2 


79 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude QO 05' S. ; longitude 22° 26' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 34 S. ; longitude 22 48 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 1 14 .S. ; longitude 23 01 W. 

January 22. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


O 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


82 


78 


o 


78 


78 


2 


81 


78 


3 


77 


78 


3 


81 


78 


4 


77 


78 


4 


82 


7.) 


5 


77 


78 


5 


81 


78 


G 


78 


78 


G 


8J 


7 s 


7 


78 


78 


7 


89 


7:) 


8 


79 


78 


8 


79 


78 


9 


83 


78 


! 9 


79 


78 


19 


83 


78 


19 


79 


78 


11 


83 


78 


11 


78 


78 


12 


83 


" 


1 '' 


77 


78 

. 



12 m. 

I p. m.- 



-Latitude 2° 01' S. ; longitude 23° 2^ W. 
-Latitude 2 28 S. ; longitude 23 41 W. 
-Latitude 2 57 S. ; lonjritude 24 00 W. 



January 23. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


78 


1 


81 


79 


2 


79 


78 


2 


81 


79 


3 


79 


78 


3 


81 


7.) 


4 


79 


78 


4 


81 


7.) 


5 


77 


78 


5 


81 


7 s 


G 


78 


78 


G 


81 


78 


7 


79 


78 


7 


77 


78 


8 


79 


78 


8 


7J 


78 


9 


79 


78 


9 


71> 


78 


19 


81 


78 


1.) 


79 


78 


11 


83 


79 


11 


7!) 


78 


12 


83 


79 


12 


79 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 40' S. ; longitude 240 3G' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 OG S. ; longitude 24 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 43 S. ; longitude 25 14 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



263 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
January 24. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


8J 


78 


2 


78 


78 


2 


8'J 


78 


3 


78 


78 


3 


81 


78 


4 


78 


78 


4 


81 


78 


5 


78 


78 


5 


81 


78 


6 


78 


78 


G 


8J 


78 


7 


78 


78 


7 


79 


78 


8 


78 


78 


8 


79 


73 


9 


81 


78 


9 


77 


78 


10 


83 


78 


10 


77 


78 


11 


83 


78 


11 


77 


78 


12 


83 


78 


13 


77 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 5'^ 2j' S. ; 

12 m.— Latitude 5 42 S. : 

8 p. m. — Latitude 6 18 S. 



loniritade 2'P 31' W. 
loaTital3 25 46 W. 
lono-ttud3 25 43 W. 



January 25. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


83 


79 


2 


78 


78 


2 


83 


79 


3 


78 


78 


3 


83 


79 


4 


78 


78 


4 


82 


79 


5 


78 


77 


5 


80 


79 


6 


78 


78 


6 


89 


79 


7 


79 


78 


7 


78 


78 


8 


79 


78 


8 


79 


78 


9 


82 


78 


9 


79 


78 


10 


84 


78 


10 


79 


78 


11 


83 


78 


11 


78 


78 


12 


83 


78 


12 


78 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 6^ 53' S. ; loagituds 25^ 47' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 7 OJ S. ; loi:ritud3 25 41 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 6 21 S. ; longituda 23 23 W. 



January 26. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


77 


78 


1 


83 


79 


2 


77 


78 


2 


83 


79 


3 


77 


78 


3 


82 


79 


4 


77 


78 


4 


82 


79 


5 


78 


78 


5 


81 


79 


G 


79 


78 


G 


81 


78 


7 


79 


78 


7 


8J 


78 


8 


81 


78 


8 


89 


78 


9 


82 


79 


9 


8J 


7H 


10 


83 


79 


10 


79 


77 


11 


83 


79 


11 


79 


77 


12 


83 


79 


12 


79 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 5° 49' S. ; lt)u,ntud3 25^ 06' VV. 

12 m.— Latitude 5 1) S. ; loiixitule 21 41 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitud3 4 43 S. ; lo-ijitada 24 13 W 



2iS4 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
January 27. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
purlUcc. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


84 


80 


o 


78 


78 


2 


84 


80 


3 


78 


78 


3 


84 


80 


4 


78 


78 


4 


84 


79 


5 


78 


78 


5 


83 


79 


() 


79 


78 


G 


83 


79 


7 


82 


78 


7 


84 


79 


8 


83 


78 


8 


81 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


80 


79 


10 


87 


79 


10 


80 


79 


11 


■ 87 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


87 


79 


12 


80 


79 



[ a. m.— Latitude 4° 19' S ; longitude 24° 05' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 4 12 S. ; loiifrilude 24 05 W. 
I p. m.— Latitude 4 35 S.;: lonnitude 24 03 W. 

January 28. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


78 


1 


88 


79 


o 


80 


78 


o 


88 


79 


3 


80 


78 


.3 


88 


79 


4 


8J 


78 


4 


86 


79 


5 


80 


79 


5 


84 


79 


G 


81 


78 


G 


83 


79 


7 


82 


78 


7 


82 


79 


8 


83 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


79 


<) 


82 


79 


10 


86 


79 


10 


82 


78 


11 


87 


79 


11 


81 


78 


12 


88 


79 


12 


80 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 5° 11' 


S. 


, longitude 24° 19' 


W 


12 m.— Latitude 4 37 


S. 


longitude 23 49 


W 


8 p. m.— Latitude 4 09 


S. 


longitude 23 21 


w 



January 29. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 


78 


: 1 


89 


80 


2 


79 


79 


~ 


89 


80 


3 


80 


79 


1 3 


89 


80 


4 


80 


79 


1 4 


86 


80 


5 


80 


78 


1 ^ 


84 


79 


G 


81 


78 


1 G 


83 


79 


7 


82 


78 


1 7 


82 


79 


8 


83 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


78 


9 


82 


79 


10 


■ 86 


79 


10 


HI 


79 


11 


88 


79 


11 


81 


79 


12 


90 


79 


12 


82 


79 



4 a. ni.— Latitude 3° 44' S. ; longitude 23° 03' W. 

12 in.— Latitude 3 33 S. ; longitude 22 41 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 3 17 S. ; longitude 22 07 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



265 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Contitiued. 
Januaky 30. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


i 

P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


79 


! 1 


90 


79 


• 2 


82 


79 


: 2 


90 


79 


3 


81 


79 


3 


90 


80 


4 


80 


79 


: 4 


88 


80 


5 


81 


79 


1 5 


86 


79 


6 


80 


78 


i 6 


84 




7 


82 


78 


i 7 


S? 


79 


8 


84 


79 


i 8 


85 


80 


9 


86 


79 


1 9 


80 


79 


10 


87 


79 


1 10 


80 


79 


11 


87 


80 


i 11 


80 


79 


12 


88 


80 


' 12 

1 


80 


79 



a. m.— Latitude 3° 02' S. ; longitude 2lO 44' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 2 52 S. ; longitude 21 00 W. 
i p. m.— Latitude 2 44 S. ; longitude 20 44 W. 

January 31. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


1 P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


i 1 


87 


80 


2 


80 


79 


2 


88 


80 


3 


80 


79 


3 


87 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


84 


80 


5 


80 


79 


1 5 


86 


80 


6 






' 6 


84 


80 


7 


82 


79 


7 


84 


79 


8 


82 


79 


8 


82 


79 


9 


82 


79 


9 


81 


79 


10 


84 


79 


10 


81 


79 


11 


86 


79 


11 


81 


79 


12 


87 


79 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° 28' S. ; longitude 20O 49' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 24 S. ; longitude 20 46 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 18 S. ; longitude 20 38 W. 

February 1. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


1 


90 


80 


2 


80 


79 


2 


90 


8J 


3 


80 


79 


3 


89 


80 


4 


78 


79 


4 


87 


80 


5 


79 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


80 


79 


6 


84 


79 


7 


80 


79 


7 


83 


79 


8 


83 


79 


8 


82 


79 


9 


85 


80 


9 


82 


79 


10 


87 


80 


10 


82 


79 


11 


88 


80 


11 


82 


79 


12 


88 


BO 


12 


82 


79 



a. m.— Latitude 20 07' S. ; longitude 20O 39' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 2 00 S. ; longitude 20 32 W. 
I p. m.— Latitude 1 41 S. ; longitude 20 00 W. 



266 



». Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and fhc surface water — Continued. 
February 2. 




4 a. m.-— Latitude 

V2 m. — Latitude 

8 p. m. — Latitude 



10 21' S. ; longitad3 19^ 54' W. 
1 07 S. ; longitude 19 28 W. 
56 S. ; longitude 19 10 W. 



February 3. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 


78 


1 


87 


79 


2 


80 


77 


2 


87 


79 


3 


80 


77 


3 


87 


79 


4 


8J 


77 


4 


8(; 


79 


5 


8J 


77 


5 


85 


79 


G 


86 


18 


6 


85 


79 


7 


81 


78 


7 


82 


79 


8 


81 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


81 


7J 


9 


82 


79 


10 


86 


7J 


IJ 


82 


79 


11 


87 


7J 


11 


82 


79 


• 12 


87 


79 


12 


82 


79 



4 a. in.- 

12 m.- 

8 p. in.- 



-Latitude UO Ou' ; longitude 18© 59' W. 
-Latitude 18 N. ; longitude 18 41 W. 
-Latitude 19 N. ; longitude IS 42 W. 



Februauy 4. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


73 


1 


85 


89 


2 


81 


79 


o 


8G 


8J 


3 


81 


79 


3 


86 


8J 


4 


81 


7J 


4 


86 


79 


5 


8J 


7J 


5 


86 


73 


G 


8.) 


7J 


G 


83 


80 


7 


83 


7J 


7 


8J 


79 


8 


85 


79 


8 


80 


73 


9 


83 


79 


9 


8J 


79 


10 


86 


7J 


10 


80 


79 


H 


8S 


7J 


11 


80 


73 


12 


86 


" 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. in.— Latilu.le QO 37' N. ; longituda 133 38' W. 

12 in.— Litiludo 20 N. ; longitude 18 44 W. 

8 p. m.— Lititudo 13 N. ; lo.n^itada 18 43 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



267 



Temperature of the air and the surfacz zur^/'e?--^Continued. 
February 5. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


Houi . 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


1 


86 


80 


2 


8J 


79 


2 


86 


80 


3 


8J 


79 


3 


87 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


87 


79 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


• 80 


79 


6 


84 


79 


7 


81 


79 


7 


83 


79 


8 


8i 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


82 


79 


10 


8.i 


79 


10 


82 


79 


11 


86 


79 


11 


82 


79 


12 


86 


79 


12 


82 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° .30' N. ; longitude 18° 45' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 46 N. ; longitude 18 32 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 52 N. ; longitude 18 27 W. 



February 6. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


79 


1 


86 


80 


2 


81 


79 


2 


86 


80 


3 


80 


79 


3 


86 


81 


4 


8J 


79 


4 


85 


8J 


5 


79 


79 


5 


84 


80 


6 


79 


79 


6 


83 


80 


7 


80 


79 


7 


82 


80 


8 


80 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


82 


79 


9 


82 


80 


10 


84 


79 


10 


82 


80 


11 


85 


79 


11 


82 


80 


12 


86 


79 


12 


82 


80 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude QO 55' N. 
-Latitude I 00 N. 
-Latitude 1 10 N. 



longitude 180 17' W. 
longitude 18 04 W. 
longitude 17 33 W. 



February 7. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


88 


81 


2 


82 


79 


2 


88 


81 


3 


82 


79 


3 


88 


81 


4 


82 


79 


4 


86 


81 


5 


82 


79 


5 


86 


80 


6 


82 


80 


6 


85 


80 


7 


82 


8J 


7 


84 


80 


8 


84 


80 


8 


83 


80 


9 


84 


8J 


9 


82 


80 


10 


87 


80 


10 


81 


80 


11 


88 


8J 


11 


79 


80 


12 


89 


80 


12 


81 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 1° 35' N. ; longitude 170 0;V W. 

12 ni.— Latitude I 58 N. ; longitude 16 36 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 U9 N. ; longitude 16 19 W. 



268 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surfucc water — Continued. 
February 8. 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° 11' N. ; longitude 16= 
12 m.— Latitude 2 07 N. ; longitude 16 



12' W. 
13 W. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


86 


82 


2 


82 


8.) 


2 


90 


82 


3 


82 


83 


3 


91 


82 


4 


82 


8J 


. 4 


90 


82 


5 


81 


79 


5 


89 


82 


6 


81 


8J 


6 


87 


81 


7 


84 


8) 


7 


84 


81 


8 


85 


79 


8 


84 


81 


9 


85 


79 


i) 


82 


81 


10 


86 


89 


lU 


82 


81 


11 


86 


81 


11 


82 


81 


12 


87 


81 


12 


82 


81 



8 p. m.— Latitude 2 08 N. ; longitude 16 05 W. 



February 9. 



P.M. 


o 


o 


A.M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


92 


81 


2 


82 


80 


o 


93 


81 


3 


82 


80 


3 


94 


82 


4 


82 


79 


4 


93 


82 


5 


82 


80 


o 


91 


85 


G 


82 


S) 


6 


9D 


83 


7 


83 


80 


7 


87 


a3 


8 


85 


80 


8 


86 


82 


9 


88 


80 


9 


84 


81 


10 


92 


81 


10 


84 


81 


11 


90 


8) 


1' 


83 


81 


12 


90 


80 


>. 


84 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° 15' N. ; longitude 15° 45' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 18 N. ; longitude 15 44 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 16 N. ; longituda 15 42 W. 



February 10. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


1 

P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


84 


81 


1 
1 2 


90 


83 


2 


84 


81 


90 


83 


3 


84 


81 


3 


90 


81 


4 


84 


81 


4 


90 


82 


.'i 


83 


81 


f) 


88 


81 


G 


83 


81 


6 


86 


81 


7 


84 


81 


7 


85 


81 


8 


84 


81 


8 


85 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


83 


80 


10 


87 


81 


10 


82 


80 


11 


88 


81 


11 


82 


80 


12 


80 


81 


12 


81 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° IC N. ; longitude ISO 33' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 07 N. ; longitude 15 17 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude! 1 59 N. ; longitude 14 45 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



269 



Tempcraiurc of the air and the surface loater — Continued. 

FEBtiUARY 11. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


79 


1 


82 


82 


2 


82 


79 


2 


82 


82 


3 


82 


79 


3 


82 


82 


4 


82 


79 


4 


86 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


86 


81 


6 


8.3 


80 


6 


86 


81 


7 


84 


80 


7 


84 


81 


8 


85 


81 


8 


84 


81 


9 


85 


80 


9 


82 


81 


10 


85 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


87 


82 


11 


82 


8] 


12 


88 


82 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude lo 59' N. ; longitude 140 50' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 48 N. ; longitude 15 01 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 1 41 N. ; longitude 15 23 W. 

February 12. 



4 a. m.— Latitude lo 26' N. ; longitude 150 58' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 55 N. ; longitude 16 22 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 15 N. ; longitude 16 41 W. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


87 


81 


2 


82 


80 


2 


86 


81 


3 


82 


80 


3 


86 


81 


4 


82 


80 


4 


86 


81 


5 


82 


80 ■ 


5 


84 


80 


6 


. 82 


81 


6 


84 


80 


7 


83 


81 


7 


83 


81 


8 


86 


81 


8 


83 


80 


9 


88 


81 


9 


82 


79 


10 


88 


81 


10 


82 


79 


11 


88 


81 


11 


82 


79 


12 


88 


81 


12 


82 


79 



February 13. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


79 


1 


83 


79 


2 


82 


79 


o 


84 


79 


3 


82 


79 


3 


85 


79 


4 


82 


79 


4 


84 


79 


5 


82 


81 


o 


84 


79 


6 


82 


80 


6 


84 


79 


7 


82 


79 


7 


83 


79 


8 


85 


80 


8 


82 


79 


9 


86 


79 


9 


78 


79 


10 


88 


79 


10 


78 


79 


11 


88 


■ 81) 


li 


79 


78 


12 


88 


79 


12 


80 


79 



a. m.— Latitude (;0 IV S. ; longitude 10° .59' W. 
12 m.— Latitude L'6 S. ; J.irgitudc 17 M) W. 
! p. m.— Latitude o3 S. ; lur,gitude 17 50 W. 



270 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tonpcrahirc of the air and (he surface water — Continued. 
February 14. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water | 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surtace. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 




^0 • 


80 


1 


87 


80 


2 


8i) 


80 


2 


87 


8J 


3 


80 


80 


3 


87 


80 


4 


7i) 


8J 


4 


80 


79 


5 


81) 


79 


5 


79 


78 


6 


80 


78 


G 


80 


79 


7 






7 


78 


79 


8 


84 


79 


8 


78 


78 


9 


83 


79 


9 


78 


79 


10 


85 


79 . 


10 


78 


79 


11 


87 


8J 


11 


78 


79 


IQ 


87 

• 


80 

1 


12 


78 


79 



a. m.— Lalitucie LO AU S. ; longitude 18° cG' W. 
12 m.— Latitude S3 S. ; longitude 19 02 W. 
p. ni.— Latitude ii2 S. -, longitude 19 07 W. 

Februarv 15. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


7G 


79 


1 


85 


80 


2 


7G 


79 


o 


85 


80 


3 


7G 


79 


3 


84 


80 


4 


7G 


79 


4 


87 


80 


5 


7G 


78 


5 


87 


80 


G 


7G 


78 


G 


86 


79 


7 


78 


78 


7 


83 


79 


8 


77 


8J 


8 


81 


79 


9 


77 


79 


9 


80 


79 


10 


79 


79 


10 


80 


79 


11 


79 


79 


11 


8J 


79 


12 


82 


™ 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. m.— Lilitude 10 3b' S. ; loniiitude ISO 5? W. 

12 m.— Latitude c8 S ; longitude 18 59 W. 

8 p. ni.— Latitude 2G S. ; longitude 19 13 W, 



February 1G. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


1 


87 


80 


o 


8.J 


79 


o 


87 


80 


3 


8J 


79 


3 


8G 


8J 


4 


8) 


79 


4 


ec 


8) 


.f", 


80 


79 


i "^ 


8G 


80 


G 


8J 


79 


1 ^ 


83 


79 


7 


82 


79 


1 7 


82 


79 


8 


83 


78 


i « 


82 


79 


9 


84 


78 


9 


82 


7rf 


10 


8G 


78 


i 10 


8J 


79 


11 


87 


79 


i ^1 


82 


79 


12 


8G 


79 


1 12 


82 


™ 



a. m.— Latitude OO 30' S. ; longitude 2liO (l9' W. 
12 m.— l/itii„(lc 27 S.; longitude 20 51 W. 
1>. ni.— Lalitadj 24 fc". ; longitude 21 Id ^V. 



S. Dor. 59. 



271 



Tempera tm-e of the air ayul the surface uutcr — Continued. 
February 17. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


79 


1 


85 


79 


2 


82 


79 


£1 


85 


79 


3 


81 


79 


3 


85 


79 


4 


80 


79 


4 


85 


79 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


80 


78 


G 


84 


79 


7 


80 


78 


7 


82 


79 


8 


82 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


82 


79 


11) 


8.) 


79 


10 


82 


79 


11 


85 


79 


11 


82 


79 


12 


84 


78 


12 

1 


82 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 19' S. ; longitude 22° C6' AV. 

12 m.— Latitude 25 S. ; longitude 22 27 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 50 S. ; longitude 22 52 W. 



February 18. 



Hour. 





o 


P.M. 





o 


1 


81 


78 


1 


91 


80 


2 


8L 


78 


2 


92 


81 


3 


tl 


78 


3 


92 


80 


4 


81 


78 


4 


90 


79 


5 


81 


78 


5 


90 


79 


(J 


81 


79 


G 


88 


79 


7 


82 


78 


7 


84 


79 


8 


84 


78 


8 


82 


79 


9 


£G 


78 


9 


82 


79 


10 




.. 


10 


82 


79 


Jl 






11 


82 


79 


12 


90 


79 


12 


81 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 52' S. ; longitude 23° 00' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 01 S. ; longitude 23 18 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 57 S. ; longitude 23 27 W. 



February 19. 



A. M. 


o 


° 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


78 


1 


85 


79 


2 


81 


79 


o 


84 


79 


3 


80 


79 


3 


85 


79 


4 


81 


79 


4 


iG 


79 


5 


81 


79 


5 


HJ 


79 


G 


81 


79 


G 


£5 


79 


7 


83 


79 


7 






8 


84 


79 





82 


79 


9 


£6 


79 


9 


82 


79 


10 


£G 


79 


10 


82 


79 


11 


8G 


79 


i 11 


82 


79 


12 


CG 


79 


i '^ 


81 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 1° ]4' P. ; loigitude 24° 09' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 42 S. ; lonsritude 24 :9 W. 

8 p. m. — Latitude 1 49 S. ; longitude 24 53 W. 



272 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
February 20. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


^Vater 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


\ 


80 


79 


I 


85 


80 


2 


80 


79 


2 


85 


80 


3 


80 


79 


3 


85 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


85 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


80 


79 


6 


84 


79 


7 


82 


79 


7 


82 


79 


8 


85 


79 


8 


82 


79 


9 


86 


79 


9 


82 


79 


10 


87 


79 


10 


82 


79 


11 


86 


79 


11 


81 


79 


.. 


86 


80 ' 


12 


81 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 20 09' S. ; longitude 250 58' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 37 S. ; longitude 26 48'W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 51 S. ; longitude 27 34 W. 



February 21. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


1 


90 


79 


2 


80 


79 


2 


90 


79 


3 


80 


79 


3 


• 88 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


85 


80 


5 


81 


7!) 


5 


90 


.80 


6 


80 


79 


6 


85 


81 


7 


80 


79 


7 


83 


80 


8 


84 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


85 


79 


9 


81 


79 


10 


88 


79 


10 


81 


79 


11 


89 


79 


11 


81 


79 


12 


90 


79 


12 


80 


79 



a. ni.— Latitude 3° 06' S. ; longitude 28° 37' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 3 14 S. ; longitude 29 09 W. 
1 p. m.— Latitude 3 43 S. ; longitude 29 44 W. 

February 22. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


p. M. 


o 


1 

1 o 


1 


81 


79 


1 


85 


1 80 


2 


81 


79 


2 


85 


1 80 


3 


8J 


79 


3 


86 


80 


4 


m 


79 


4 


84 


I 80 


5 


81 


79 


5 


83 


1 80 


6 


82 


79 


6 


83 


1 8') 


7 


83 


79 


7 


82 


i 79 


8 


82 


H) 


8 


8-2 


i 79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


82 


i '•' 


10 


85 


8.) 


10 


82 


79 


11 


86 


8.) 


11 


82 


79 


12 


86 


so . 


,. 


82 


79 



4 a. in.— Latitude 30 So' S. ; longitude 30O 36' W. 

12 IT).— Latitudes Ab S. ; longitude 31 28 W. 

8 p. in —Latitudes 50 S. ; longitude 31 44 VV. 



S. Doc. 59. 



27a 



Temyeralure of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
February 23. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


O 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


79 


1 


84 


81 


2 


78 


79 


2 


86 


81 


3 


78 


79 


3 


86 


81 


4 


78 


79 


4 


85 


80 


5 


78 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


78 


79 


6 


85 


79 


7 


79 


79 


7 


82 


79 


8 


80 


79 


8 


82 




9 


80 


79 


9 


81 




10 


80 


79 


10 


81 




11 


82 


79 


11 


81 




12 


82 


79 


12 


81 





4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 32' S. ; longitude 31° 43' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 35 S. ; longitude 31 45 W. 

8 p. m — Latitude 3 48 S. ; longitude 32 07 W. 

February 24. 



o 


o 


1 P.M. 
mi 


o 


80 


79 


88 


80 


79 


% 


88 


80 


79 


i ^ 


88 


80 


79 


4 


88 


81 


79 


5 


87 


83 


79 


6 


87 


83 


79 


7 


87 


84 


79 


8 


86 


86 


79 


9 


84 


86 


79 


10 


82 


86 


80 


11 


82 


86 


80 


12 


82 



4 a. m. — Fernando de Noronha. 

12 m. — Fernando de Noronha. 

8 p. m. — Fernando de Noronha. 



February 25. 



' A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


79 


1 


88 




2 


82 


79 


2 


88 




3 


80 


79 


3 


88 


81 


4 


80 


79 


4 


87 


81 


5 


82 




5 


86 


81 


G 


82 


79 


6 


85 


81 


7 


83 




7 


82 


81 


8 


84 


79 


8 


82 


81 


9 


86 




9 


82 




\ 10 


88 


80 


10 


82 


79 


1 11 


88 




11 


82 




1 12 


88 


81 


12 


82 





23 



4 a. m. — Fernando de Noronha. 

12 ni. — Fernando de Noronha. 

8 p. m. — Fernando de Noronha. 



274 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
February 26. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surfacfi, 

! 






surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 1 


P. M. 


o 


o. 


1 


62 


80 1 


1 


82 


80 


2 


81 


79 ! 


2 


82 


80 


3 


80 


79 1 


3 


78 




4 


80 


79 


4 


78 




5 


80 


80 


5 


77 


.. 


6 


82 


80 


6 


76 


79 


7 


85 


80 1 


7 


78 




8 • 


87 


80 1 


8 


77 


79 


9 


89 


1 


9 


77 


79 


10 


90 


si 


10 


78 


80 


11 


89 


81 1 


11 


78 


80 


12 


89 


. 1 


12 


78 


80 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Fernando de Noronha. 
-Fernando de Noronha. 
-Fernando de Noronha. 



February 27. 



A.M. 

1 
o 


o 

78 

78 


M^ 


P. M. 

1 
2 


o 

85 

87 


o 

81 
81 


3 


78 




3 


87 


81 


4 


78 


79 


4 


86 


79 


5 


80 




5 


85 


79 


6 




,. 


6 


89 


80 


7 






7 


83 


80 


8 




.. 


8 


83 


80 


9 


85 


80 


9 


80 


81 


10 


8G 


80 


10 


79 


79 


11 


87 


80 


11 


79 


79 


12 


88 


80 


12 


79 


79 



4 a. in. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Fernando de Noronha. 

-Off" Fernando de Noronha. 

-Latitude 30 59' S. ; lontritude 32© 33' 



W. 



28. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P M. 


o 


o 


r 


78 


79 


■ 1 


78 


79 


2 


78 


79 


2 


80 


79 


3 


78 


79 


3 


80 


79 


4 


77 


79 


4 


80 


79 


5 


77 


79 


5 


80 


79 


6 


77 


79 


G 


80 


79 


7 


78 


79 


7 


82 


79 


8 


78 


80 


8 


82 


79 


9 


78 


79 


9 


80 


79 


10 


79 


79 


10 


80 


79 


11 


78 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


78 


79 


12 


81 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 4° 15' S. ; longitude 32° 45' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 30 S. ; longitude 32 37 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 42 S. ; longitude 32 46 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



275 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
February 29. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


J, 


1 


81 


79 


- 1 


84 


80 


2 


81 


79 


2 


84 


80 


3 


81 


79 


3 


84 


80 


4 


81 


79 


4 


83 


80 


5 


82 


79 


5 


85 


80 


6 


82 


79 


6 


84 


80 


7 


82 


79 


7 


83 


80 


8 


82 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


83 


79 


9 


82 


81 


10 


86 


80 


10 


82 


80 


11 


84 


80 


11 


82 


80 


12 


84 


80 


12 


82 


80 



12 m. 
i p. m. 



-Latitude 5° 24' S. ; longitude 32° 42' W. 
-Latitudes 55 S. ; longitude 32 56 W, 
-Latitude 6 44 S. ; longitude 33 15 W. 



March 1. 



A.M. 


o 





P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


84 


81 


2 


82 


80 


2 


85 


81 


3 


82 


80 


3 


84 


81 


4 


82 


80 


4 


88 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


86 


81 


6 


83 


80 


6 


84 


81 


7 


83 


80 


7 


83 


81 


8 


84 


79 


8 


83 


81 


9 


86 


80 


9 


83 


81 


10 


89 


80 


10 


83 


81 


11 


88 


SO 


11 


82 


81 


12 


87 


80 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m —Latitude 7° 26' S. ; longitude 33° 50' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 7 49 S. ; longitude 34 10 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 8 17 S. ; longitude 34 31 W. 



March 2. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 






2 


82 


80 


2 


90 


84 


3 


82 


81 


3 


91 


84 


4 


82 


80 


4 


90 


84 


5 


82 


80 


5 


89 


84 


6 


83 


80 


6 


87 


85 


7 


84 


80 


7 


86 


85 


8 


84 


80 


8 


80 


86 


9 


86 


81 


9 


84 




10 


88 


81 


10 


84 


83 


11 


92 


81 


11 


84 




12 


90 


81 


12 


84 


8i 



4 a. m. — Pcrnainbuco. 

12 m. — Pernaiiibuco. 

8 p. m. — Pernarabuco. 



276 



S. Doc. 59. 



TemperaLurc of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
March 3. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 




1 


88 


81 


2 


83 


81 


o 


88 


81 


3 


83 


81 


3 


88 


81 


4 


83 


81 


4 


88 


83 


5 


82 




,') 


85 




6 


80 


83 


6 


84 


83 


7 


80 




7 


84 


83 


8 


80 


81 


8 


84 


84 


9 


86 




9 


84 


82 


10 


86 


77 


10 


84 


81 


11 


86 




11 


84 


81 


12 


86 


78 


12 


83 


81 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Pernambuco. 
-Pfirnambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 



March 4. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 




I 


82 


81 


1 






2 


82 




2 






3 


81 


81 


3 






4 


80 




4 






5 


82 




5 






6 


81 


82 


6 






7 


81 




7 


86 


81 


8 


81 


81 


8 


86 


81 


9 


82 


81 


9 


86 


81 


10 


84 


81 


10 


86 


81 


11 


84 


81 


11 


85 


81 


12 


86 


81 


12 


84 


82 



4 a. m.- 

12 m.- 

8 p. m. 



-Pernambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 



March 5. 



A.M. 




o 


P. M. 


o 


^ 

o 


1 


83 


82 


1 


89 




2 


82 


81 


2 


91 




3 


82 




3 


92 




4 


82 




4 


91 


83 


5 


82 


82 


5 


89 




6 


82 


82 


6 


91 




7 


83 


82 


7 


89 




8 


84 


82 


8 


89 




9 


86 


82 


9 


83 




10 


86 


82 


10 


83 


82 


11 


86 


81 


11 


82 




12 


86 


81 


12 


82 





4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Pernambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 



S. Doc. 59. 



277 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
March 6. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 





P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 




1 


90 


.. 


2 


82 


82 


2 


90 


83 


3 


82 




3 


91 




4 


82 


81 


4 


90 


83 


5 


. 80 


81 


5 


90 




6 


80 


81 


6 


88 


83 


7 


82 


81 


7 ■ 


85 




8 


84 


81 


8 


84 




9 


83 




9 


84 




10 


84 


82 


10 


84 


83 


11 


84 




11 


84 




12 


88 


82 


12 


84 


83 



4 a. m. — Pernambuco. 

12 m. — Pernambuco. 

8 p. m. — Pernambuco. 



March 7. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


81 


1 


90 


81 


2 


81 


81 


2 


90 


81 


3 


81 


81 


3 


90 


81 


4 


81 


81 


4 






5 


79 




5 


86 


82 


6 


82 


81 


6 


86 


82 


7 


83 




7 , 


84 


81 


8 


84 


81 


8 


83 


81 


9 


85 




9 


84 


81 


10 


85 


81 


10 


84 


81 


11 . 


86 




11 


83 


81 


12 


88 


82 


12 


83 


81 



4 a. m.- 

12 m. 

8 p. m.- 



-Pernambuco. 
-Pernambuco. 
-Latitude 80 06' 



; longitude 34° 50' W. 



March 8, 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


i 1 


82 


81 


1 


86 




. ■ 2 


82 


81 


2 


87 




3 


82 


81 


3 


90 




4 


82 


80 


4 


88 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


85 


80 


«> 


83 


80 


6 


84 


80 


7 


,^ 85 


80 


7 


84 


8 


8 


86 


80 


8 


80 


81 


9 


89 


80 


9 


82 


80 


10 


89 


81 


10 


82 


80 


11 


88 


81 


11 


83 


80 


12 

i • 


88 


81 


12 


82 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 7° 42' S. ; longitude 34^ 37' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 7 14 S. ; loncritude 34 17 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 6 51 S. ; longitude 33 34 W. 



278 



S. Doc. 59. 



eraturc of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
March 9. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


88 


81 


2 


82 


80 


2 


88 


81 


3 


82 


80 


3 


88 


81 


4 


82 


82 


4 


87 


81 


5 


82 


81 


.*} 


86 


81 


6 


82 


81 


6 


85 


80 


7 


82 


81 


7 


84 


80 


8 


83 


80 


8 


82 


80 


9 


86 


81 


9 


83 • 


80 


10 


87 


80 


10 


82 


80 


11 


88 


80 


11 


82 


80 


12 


90. 


. 1 


12 

• 


82 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 60 19' S. ; longitude 33° 30' W. 

12 in.— Latitude 6 07 S. ; longitude 33 17 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 5 31 S. ; longitude 32 49 W. 



March 10. 



A.M. 


o 


o ! 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 1 


1 


87 


81 


2 


82 


80 i 


2 


86 


81 


3 


82 


80 ! 


3 


86 


81 


4 


82 


79 j 


4 


87 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


87 


81 


6 


82 


80 


6 


86 


81 


7 


84 


80 


7 


84 


80 


8 


86 


81 


8 


84 


80 


9 


86 


81 


9 


84 


80 


10 


87 


81 


10 


84 


80 


11 


87 


80 ; 


11 


84 


80 1 


12 


88 


81 i 


12 


84 


», 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 40 56' S. 
-Latitude 4 35 S. 
-Latitude 4 43 S, 



longitude 320 .31' W. 
longitude 32 23 W. 
longitude 32 54 W. 



March 11. 



A. M. 


o 




o 


P. M. 


o 


„■ 


1 


82 




79 


1 


88 


81 


2 


82 




79 




90 


81 


3 


82 




79 


3 






4 


82 




80 


4 




•- 1 


5 


83 




80 


r^ 




1 


6 


82 




80 


6 




.. 1 


7 


83 




80 


7 


84 




8 


84 




80 


8 


84 


81 


9 


86 




80 


9 


83 




10 


87 




80 


10 


82 


81 


11 


88 




80 


11 


82 




12 


88 




80 


12 


82 


79 




4 a, m. 


-Latitude 40 15' S. ; longitude 320 


45' W. 






12 m. 


—Latitude 3 57 S. ; loiijritude 32 


19 W. 






8 p. m. 


-Fe 


rnundo de Noro 


nha. 







S. Doc. 59. 



279 



TemiieraUire of the air and the surja.ce, vxbter — Continued. 
March 12. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


82 




1 


89 


80 


2 


82 


79 


2 


90 


81 


3 


82 




3 


90 




4 


82 


79 


4 


89 


81 


5 


82 




5 


86 




6 


84 


80 


6 


85 


81 


7 


84 




7 


85 




8 


84 


80 


8 


86 


82 


9 


84 




9 


8^ 




10 


86 


80 


10 


83 


80 


11 


86 




11 


^ 83 




12 


88 


80 


12 


83 


si 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m.- 



-Fernando de Noronha. 
-Fernando de Noronha, 
-Fernando de Noronha, 



March 13. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 




1 






2 


83 


80 


2 






3 


83 




3 






4 


82 


80 


4 


86 


81 


5 


81 




5 


86 


81 


6 


83 




6 


84 


80 


7 


83 


80 


7 


84 


81 


8 


83 


80 


8 


84 


81 


9 


86 


80 


9 


84 


81 


10 


86 


80 


10 


84 


80 


11 


88 


80 


11 


84 


80 


12 


87 


80 


12 


84 


80 



4 a. m. — Fernando de Noronha, 

12 m.— Latitude .30 52' S. ; longitude 33° 02' W, 
8 p, m,— Latitude 3 43 S. ; longitude 33 16 W. 



March 14. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


84 


81 


2 


82 


80 


2 


85 


80 


3 


82 


80 


3 


85 


81 


4 


82 


80 


4 






5 


82 


80 


5 






6 


84 


80 


. 6 






7 


84 


80 


7 


85 


81 


8 


84 


80 


8 


84 


81 


9 


84 


80 


9 


84 


81 


10 


84 


80 


10 


82 


81 


11 


85 


80 


11 


82 


80 


12 


86 


80 


.. 


82 


81 



4 a. 

12 

8 p. 



-Latitude 3° 17' S. ; longitude 33° 16' W. 
-Latitude 3 36 S. ; longitude 33 27 W. 
-Rocas. 



280 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivatcr — Continued. 
March 15. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
Burface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
Burface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


82 


80 


' 1 


87 


81 


2 


82 


80 


2 


87 


81 


3 


82 


81 


3 


88 


81 


4 


82 


80 


4 


88 


81 


5 


83 




5 


86 




6 


84 


80 


6 


85 


81 


7 


84 




7 


85 


81 


8 


84 


81 


8 


84 


81 


9 


85 


80 


9 


84 


81 


10 


85 


79 


10 


83 


81 


11 


86 




11 


83 




12 


86 




12 


83 


81 


• 













4 a. m. — Rocas. 

12 m. — Rocas. 

8 p. m. — Rocas. 



March 16. 



4 a m. — Rocas. 

12 m. — Rocas. 

8 p. in. — Rocas. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. JVI. 


o 


o 


1 


83 




1 


85 


.. 


2 


83 


80 


o 


85 


81 


3 


83 




3 


88 




4 


82 


80 


4 


88 


81 


5 


79 




5 


86 




6 


81 


80 


6 


85 


81 


7 


80 




7 


84 




8 


81 


si 


8 


84 


81 


f) 


82 




9 


84 




10 


84 


81 


10 


84 


81 


11 


85 




11 


84 




12 


86 


81 


12 


84 


si 



March 17. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


84 




1 


81 


80 


2 


84 


81 


2 


81 


80 


3 


84 




3 


82 


80 


4 


82 


81 


4 


82 


80 


5 


80 


80 


5 


82 


80 


6 




■•• 


6 


82 


80 


7 








82 


80 


8 






8 


82 


80 


9 


83 




9 


82 


81 


10 


84 


80 


10 


82 


80 


11 


82 


80 


11 


82 


80 


12 


82 


80 


12 


82 


80 



4 a m. — Rocas. 

12 m.— Latitude 30 53' S. ; longitude 33© 52' W. 
8 p. m.— Latitude 3 40 S. ; longitude 33 41 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



281 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
March 18. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


O 


1 


82 


80 


1 


85 


80 


2 


82 


80 


2 


85 


80 


3 


82 


80 


3 


85 


80 


4 


82 


80 


4 


86 


80 


5 


82 


80 


5 


86 


80 


6 


82 


80 


6 


84 


80 


7 


82 


80 


7 


84 


81 


8 


83 


80 


8 


84 


80 


9 


84 


80 


9 


84 


80 


10 


86 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


88 


80 


11 


82 


81 


" 


86 


81 


12 


82 


80 



12 m. 
p. m.- 



-Latitude 30 26' S. ; longitude 33° 55' W. 
-Latitude 3 51 S. ; longitude 33 56 W. 
-Latitude 3 30 S. ; longitude 33 40 W. 



March 19. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


80 


1 


89 


81 


2 


82 


80 


! 2 


91 


81 


3 


82 


80 


I 3 


90 


81 


4 


82 


80 


4 


88 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


86 


81 


•6 


82 


80 


i 6 


84 


81 


7 


84 


80 


7 


84 


81 


8 


85 


80 


8 


82 


81 


9 


85 


80 


9 


82 


81 


10 


85 


80 


10 


82 ■ 


81 


11 


87 


80 - 


11 


82 


81 


12 


87 


80 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 24' S. ; longitude 33° 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 34 S. ; longitude 33 49 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 3 02 S. ; longitude 33 30 W. 



March 20. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 


78 


80 


2 


80 


80 


2 


78 


80 


3 


80 


80 


3 


79 


80 


4 


80 


80 


4 


80 


80 


5 


78 


80 


5 


80 


80 


6 


78 


80 


6 


80 


80 


7 


78 


80 


7 


80 


80 


8 


78 


80 


8 


80 


80 


9 


76 


80 


9 


80 


80 


10 


78 


80' 


10 


80 


80 


11 


78 


80 


11 


80 


80 


12 


78 


80 


12 


80 


80 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 30 04' S. ; longitude 330 23' W. 
-Latitude 2 46 S. ; longitude 33 22 W. 
-Latitude 2 48 S. ; longitude 33 29 W. 



282 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tempemt7ire of ike air and the surface water — Coiilinued. 
March 21. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 






surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 


85 


81 


2 


80 


80 


2 


85 


81 


3 


80 


80 


3 


85 


81 


4 


80 


80 


4 


85 


81 


5 


80 


80 


5 


85 


81 


6 


82 


80 


6" 


85 


81 


7 


82 


■ 80 


7 


84 


80 


8 


84 


81 


8 


82 


80 


9 


84 


80 


9 


83 


80 


10 


84 • 


80 


10 


82 


81 


11 


84 


80 


11 


82 


81 


12 


84 


80 


12 


82 


81 



a. m.— Latitude 2° 46' S. ; longitude 330 O.V W, 
12 m.— Latitude 3 29 S. ; longitude 33 18 W. 
p. m.— Latitude 3 46 S. ; longitude 33 32 W. 



March 22. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


90 


81 


2 


82 


81 


2 


90 


81 


3 


82 


81 


3 . 


89 


81 


4 


82 


81 


4 


88 


81 


5 


82 


80 


5 


84 


8L 


6 


82 


80 


G 


84 


•81 


7 


85 


80 


< 






8 


84 


80 


8 


83 


81 


9 


88 


80 


9 


83 


81 


10 


88 


81 


10 


83 


81 


11 


88 


81 


11 


83 


81 


12 


88 


81 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. in.— Latitude 30 54' S. -, longitude 33° 29' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 35 S. ; longitude 33 35 W. 

J, #8 p. m.— Latitude 3 31 S. ; longitude 33 36 W. 

March 23. 



A.M. 


o 





P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


87 


83 


2 • 


82 


80 


o 


88 


83 


3 


82 


80 


3 


88 


82 


4 


82 


80 


4 


86 


82 


5 


82 


81 


5 


84 


81 


6 


82 


81 


6 


84 


81 


7 


82 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


82 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


82 


81 


10 


88 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


88 


81 


11 


82 


81 


12 


83 


81 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 28' S. ; longitude 33^ 46' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 30 S. ; longitude 33 49 W. 

8 p. ra.— Latitude 3 39 S. ; longitude 33 42 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



283 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
March 24. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


84 


81 


2 


82 


81 


2 


84 


81 


3 


82 


81 


3 


82 


81 


4 


82 


81 


4 


80 


80 


5 


82- 


81 


5 


80 


80 


6 


82 


81 


6 


79 


80 


7 


82 


81 


7 


78 


80 


8 


82 


81 


8 


77 


79 


9 


82 


81 


9 


77 


80 


10 


82 


-81 


10 


77 


80 


11 


82 


81 


11 


77 


81 


12 


83 


80 


12 


77 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 33' S. ; longitude 33° 44' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 46 S. •, longitude 33 42 W 

8 p. m.— Latitude 3 57 S. ; longitude 33 27 W. 

March 25. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 






1 


88 


82 


2 


74 


79 


2 


89 


82 


3 


74 


80 


3 


89 


82 


4 


74 


80 


4 


87 


83 


5 


76 


80 


5 


87 


83 


6 


78 


80 


6 


86 


81 


7 


77 


80 


7 


83 


81 


8 


82 


80 


8 


83 


81 


9 


84 


80 


9 


82 


81 


10 


86 


80 


10 


82 


81 


11 


90 


80 


11 


. 82 


82 


12 


90 


80 


12 


"82 


82 



4 a. m.— Latitude 3° 54' S. ; longitude 330 31' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 00 S. ; longitude 33 41 W. 

8 p. ra.— Latitude 4 03 S. ; longitude 33 46 W. 



March 26. 



A. M. 


o 




o 




P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 




81 




1 




81 


2 


82 




82 




2 




81 


3 


82 




81 


1 


3 




81 


4 


82 




81 




4 




81 


5 


83 




81 




5 




81 


6 


83 




81 




• 6 




81 


7 


85 




81 




7 




81 


8 






81 ■ 




8 




81 


9 


90 




82 




9 




82 


10 


92 




82 




10 




81 


11 


89 




82 




11 




81 


12 


89 




82 




12 




81 




4 a. m. 


—Latitude 40 10' 


S 


; longitude 340 05' W. 






12 m 


-^Latitude 3 59 


S 


. ; longitude 33 58 W. 






8 p. m 


— L 


ititude 3 47 


s 


. ; longitude 33 


55 W. 





284 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Cuntinued 
March 27. 



4 a. m.— Latitude 30 51' S. ; longitude 33° 53' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 49 S. ; longitude 33 59 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 00 S. ; longitude 34 17 W. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


j Hour. 

i 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


83 


81 


2 


80 


81 


2 


82 


81 


3 


80 


81 


3 


82 


81 


4 


80 


81 


i ^ 


83 


82 


5 


79 


81 


5 


83 


82 


6 


80 


81 


G 


83 


81 


7 


82 


81 


7 


83 


82 


8 


85 




8 


83 


82 


9 


86 


si 


9 


82 


81 


10 


85 


82 


10 


82 


81 


11 


85 


82 


11 


82 


81 


12 


83 


82 


12 


82 


81 



March 28. 



A.M. 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 
10 
11 
12 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 


81 


1 


88 


82 


2 


83 


81 


o 


87 


82 


3 


83 


81 


3 


88 


82 


4 


83 


81 


4 


90 


83 


5 


82 


82 


5 


88 


83 


6 


84 


82 


6 


88 


83 


7 


85 


82 


7 


86 


82 


8 


86 


82 


8 


84 


82 


9 


87 


81 


9 


83 


82 


10 


87 


82 


10 


83 


82 - 


11 


. 85 


82 


11 


83 


82 


12 


. ^85 


82 


12 


83 


82 



: a. m.— Latitude 40 19' S. ; lonffitude 34° 23' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 4 13 S. ; longitude 34 .38 W. 
I p. m. — Latitude 4 21 S. ; longitude 34 52 

March 29. 



w. 



o 


o 


P. M. 


O 


o 


82 


82 


I 1 


84 


83 


82 


81 


2 


86 


83 


82 


82 


! 3 


85 


83 


82 


82 


! 4 


85 


82 


82 


82 


' 5 


85 


82 


83 


83 


6 


85 


82 


83 


82 




82 


82 


86 


81 


' 8 


80 


81 


85 


82 


9 


80 


81 


85 


82 


10 


80 


81 


86 


82 


11 


79 


81 


87 


82 


u 


78 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 40 22' S. ; longitude 34© 58' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 30 S. ; longitude 35 03 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 28 S. ; longitude 35 06 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



285 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
March 30. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


81 


1 


86 


82 


2 


79 


81 


2 


86 


82 


3 


79 


81 


3 


86 


82 


4 


79 


81 


4 


88 


82 


5 


79 


81 


5 


85 


82 


6 


80 


81 


6 


85 


82 


7 


82 


81 


7 


83 


83 


8 


84 


81 


8 


82 


82 


9 


86 


82 


9 


82 


82 


10 


86 


82 


10 


82 


81 


11 


87 


82 


11 


82 


82 


12 


88 


83 


12 


82 


82 



4 a. m.— Latitude 4° 27' S. ; longitude 350 06' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 22 S. ; longitude 35 17 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 22 S. ; longitude 35 25 W. 

March 31. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


82 


1 




83 


2 


80 


82 


2 


.. 


83 


3 


80 


82 


3 




83 


4 


80 


82 


4 


87 


83 


5 


81 


82 


5 


85 


83 


6 


82 


82 


6 


85 


83 


7 


84 


82 


7 


82 


82 


8 


84 


82 


8 


82 


82 


9 


84 


82 


9 


82 


82 


10 


84 


82 


10 


80 


81 


11 


81 


82 


11 


78 


81 


12 


82 


82 


12 


79 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 40 24' S. ; longitude 350 22' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 17 S. ; longitude 35 19 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 19 S. ; longitude 35 24 W. 



April 1. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


81 


1 


88 


82 


2 


79 


81 


2 


86 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


85 


83 


4 


80 


81 


4 


85 


82 


5 


80 


81 


5 


85 


82 


6 


80 


81 


6 


83 


82 


7 


83 


82 


7 


84 


82 


8 


84 


82 


8 


84 


82 


9 


86 


82 


9 


84 


82 


10 


87 


82 


10 


84 


81 


11 


88 


82 


11 


82 


82 


12 


89 


82 


12 


82 


82 



4 a. m.~Latitude 40 13' S. ; longitude 35° 24' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 34 S. ; longitude 35 38 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 3 12 S. ; longitude 35 57 W. 



286 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivatcr — Continued. 
April 2. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air, 


Water 

surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


82 


82 


1 


88 


82 


2 


82 


82 


2 


88 


82 


3 


82 


82 


3 


86 


82 


4 


82 


82 


4 


85 


82 


5 


82 


82 


5 


83 


82 


6 


84 


82 


6 


83 


82 


7 


83 


81 


7 


82 


82 


8 


84 


81 


8 


62 


82 


9 


84 


82 


9 


82 


82 


10 


86 


82 


10 


82 


82 


11 


88 


82 


11 


82 


82 


12 


89 


82 


12 


82 


82 



4 a. m.— Latitude 20 40' S. ; longitude 36© 30' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 27 S. ; longitude 36 46 W. 

8 p. ni.— Latitude 2 27 S. ; longitude 36 46 W. 



April 3. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


82 


1 


84 


82 


2 


81 


82 


2 


84 


82 


3 


81 


82 


3 


85 


82 


4 


80 


82 


4 


87 


82 


5 


80 




5 


86 


82 


6 


80 




6 


86 


82 


7 


82 




7 


84 


82 


8 


83 




8 


84 


82 


9 


84 




9 


82 


82 


10 


84 




10 


82 


82 , 


11 


85 




11 


S2 


82 j 


12 


84 




12 


82 


- 



4 a. m.— Latitude 20 21' S. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 23 S. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 23 S. 



longitude 36° 36' W. 
longitude 36 36 W. 
longitude 36 32 W. 



April 4. 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° Uli' S. -, loniritude 3HO 34' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 16 S. ; longitude 36 38 W. 

8p. m.— Latitude 2 07 S. ; longitude 36 49 W. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 


91 


83 


2 


80 


80 


o 


88 


84 


3 


80 


80 


3 


86 


85 


4 


80 


80 


4 


87 


83 


5 


80 


81 


5 


87 


83 , 


6 


• 80 


81 


6 


86 


83 


7 


83 


81 


7 


84 


83 


8 


84 


81 


8 


83 


83 


9 


88 


82 


9 


82 


82 


10 


90 


82 


10 


82 


82 


11 


92 


82 


11 


82 


81 


12 


94 


82 


12 


82 


81 



S. Doc. 59. 



287 



Tcmperalure of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
April 5. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Wa?er 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


82 


81 


1 


87 


81 


2 


82 


81 


2 


86 


82 


3 


82 


81 


3 


86 


82 


4 


82 


81 


4 


86 


82 


5 


82 


81 


5 


85 


82 


6 


83 


81 


6 


85 


82 


7 


84 


81 


7 


86 


81 


8 


86 


81 


8 


84 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


83 


82 


10 


87 


81 


10 


83 


82 


11 


88 


82 


11 


82 


81 


12 


88 


82 


12 


82 


81 



a. m.- 
12 m.- 

' p. m.- 



-Latitude lo 43' S. 
-Latitude 1 J6 S. 
-Latitude 1 08 S. 



longitude 370 08' W. 
longitude 37 30 W. 
longitude 37 35 W. 



April 6. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


° 1 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


80 


81 


2 


81 


81 


2 


81 


81 


3 


81 


80 


3 


82 


81 


4 


80 


80 


4 


82 


80 


5 


78 . 


80 


5 


81 


80 


6 


78 


80 


6 


82 


80 


7 


78 


80 


7 


82 


80 


8 


78 


80 


8 


82 


80 


9 


78 


81 


9 


81 


80 


10 


78 


81 


10 


81 


80 


11 


78 


81 


11 


81 


80 


12 


78 


81 


12 , 


" 


«0 



4 a. in.— Latitude 0^ SC S. ; longitude 37° 37' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 16 S. ; longitude 37 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 06 S. ; longitude 38 01 W. 



April 7. 





A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 




1 


82 


80 


1 


87 


79 




2 


82 


79 


2 


84 


79 




3 


82 


81) 


3 


84 


79 




4 


82 


8:J 


4 


84 


79 




5 


82 


80 


5 


84 


79 




6 


82 


80 


6 


83 


79 




7 


82 


81 


7 


8] 


79 




8 


82 


80 


8 


82 


79 




9 


84 


80 


9 


82 


79 




10 


85 


80 


10 


80 


79 




11 


86 


80 


11 


80 


79 




12 


87 


80 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude UO 06' N. ; longitude 380 36' V/. 

12 m.— Latitude 19 N. ; longitude 38 59 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 44 N. ; longitude 39 42 W. 



288 S. Doc. 59. 

Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
April 8. 



«(yr. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 




surface. 






surface. 


A. iM. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 




91 


81 


2 


80 


79 


o 


90 


81 


3 


80 


79 


3 


90 


81 


4 


80 


79 


4 


84 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


84 


80 


6 


80 


79 


6 


83 


80 


7 


80 


79 


7 


82 


79 


8 


83 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


85 


70 


9 


81 


80 


10 


84 


79 


10 


81 


80 


11 


86 


79 


1] 


81 


80 


12 


92 


81 


12 


81 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude OO 43' N. ; longitude 40© 11' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 48 N. ; longitude 40 40 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 59 N. ; longitude 40 56 W. 

April 9. 



A. M. • 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 


91 


81 


2 


81 


80 


2 


90 


81 


3 


81 


80 


3 


86 


81 


4 


81 


79 


4 


87 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


84 


80 


6 


80 


79 


6 


84 


79 


7 


82 


79 


7 


82 


80 


8 


83 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


84 


79 


9 


80 


80 


10 


86 


79 


10 


80 


79 


11 


88 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


89 


80 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 50' N. ; longitude 40° 47' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 00 N. ; longitude 40 53 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 51 N. ; longitude 41 07 W. 









April 10. 






A.M. 


o 




o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 




79 


1 


79 


79 


2 


80 


! 79 


2 


80 


80 


3 


80 




79 


3 


80 


79 


4 


80 




79 


4 


82 


79 


5 


78 




80 


5 


82 


80 


6 


79 




80 


6 


82 


80 


7 


80 




80 


7 


82 


80 


8 


82 




80 


8 


81 


80 


9 


83 




80 


9 


80 


80 


10 


84 




80 


10 


80 


80 


11 


82 




80 


11 


80 


79 


12 


80 




80 


12 


80 


79 




4 a. in. 


—Latitude lO 10' N. ; longitude 410 22' W. 






12 m. 


—Latitude 53 N. ; longitude 41 04 W. 






8 p. in. 


-Lc 


ititudo 50 N 


. ; longitude 41 


03 W. 





S. Doc. 59. 



289 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
April 11. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


80 


79 


1 


86 


80 


2 


80 


80 


2 


86 


81 


3 


80 


79 


3 


87 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


88 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


84 


80 


6 


80 


80 


6 


83 


80 


7 


81 


80 


7 


84 


80 


8 


82 


80 


8 


82 


80 


9 


83 


79 


9 


82 


80 


10 


84 


80 


10 


82 


80 


11 


84 


80 


11 


82 


80 


12 


85 


80 


12 


82 


80 



4 a. m.- 

12 m.. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude lo 05' N. ; longitude 41o 06' W. 
-Latitude 1 00 N. ; longitude 41 04 W. 
-Latitude 1 01 N. ; longitude 41 48 W. 



April 12. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


80 


1 


87 


81 


2 


81 


80 


2 


88 


81 


3 


81 


80 


3 


87 


81 


4 


81 


80 


4 


85 


81 


5 


80 


80 


5 


86 


81 


6 


83 


80 


6 


84 


81 


7 


85 


80 


7 


82 


81 


8 


85 


80 


8 


82 


81 


9 


86 


80 


9 


82 


81 


10 


88 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


89 


81 


11 


82 


81 


12 


89 


81 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude lo 06' N. ; longitude 420 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 06 N. ; longitude 43 22 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 1 08 N. ; longitude 44 08 W. 



24 



4 a. m.- 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



April 13. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


91 


82 


2 


81 


81 


2 


92 


83 


3 


81 • 


81 


3 


91 


83 


4 


81 


81 


4 


89 


83 


5 


81 


81 


5 


88 


82 


6 


82 


81 


6 


86 


82 


7 


84 


81 


7 


83 


82 


8 


84 


81 


8 


83 


81 


9 


87 


81 


9 


81 


81 


10 


89 


81 


10 


81 


81 


11 


89 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


89 


82 


12 


80 


81 



-Latitude 0° 55' N. ; longitude 44° 57' W. 
-Latitude 49 N. ; longitude 45 13 W. 
-Latitude 21 N. -, longitude 45 35 W. 



290 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temiicraturc nf tlic air and the surface water — Coiilinucd. 
April 14. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 





P. iM. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


82 


1 


90 


62 


2 


80 


82 


2 


90 


82 


3 


83 


82 


3 


92 


84 


4 


8;) 


82 


4 


93 


83 


5 


80 


80 


5 


92 


83 


G 


81 


80 


G 


88 


83 


7 


82 


81 


7 


8G 


82 


8 


84 


81 


8 


86 


82 


9 


8G 


82 


9 


84 


82 


10 


86 


81 


10 


83 


81 


11 


88 


82 


11 


82 


81 


12 


88 


82 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m. — Latitude 0° 

12 m.— Latitude 

8 p. m. — Latitude 



10' N. 
10 S. 
33 S. 



longitude 45° 58' W. 
longitude 46 
longitude 46 



W. 
W. 



April 15. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


81 


1 


91 


83 


o 


81 


81 


2 


91 


S3 


3 


81 


81 


3 


83 


83 


4 


81 


81 


4 


88 


82 


5 


80 


81 


5 


86 


8-2 


G 


80 


81 


6 


86 


82 


7 


86 


81 


7 


84 


82 


8 


86 


81 


8 


82 


82 


9 


88 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


90 


81 


10 


80 


81 


1 • 11 


90 


81 


1) 


80 


81 


12 


92 


82 


12 


80 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude OO 38^ S. : 
12 m.— Latitude 39 S. : 
8 p. m. — Para river. 



longitude 46° 32' W. 
longitude 46 58 W. 



April 1G. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


90 


81 


o 


80 


81 


2 


90 


82 


3 


81 


81 


3 


90 


82 


4 


80 


82 


4 


83 


82 


5 


80 


81 


5 


88 


82 


G 


80 


81 


6 


87 


82 


7 


82 


81 


7 


86 


82 


8 


84 


81 


8 


86 


82 


9 


86 


82 


9 


84 


81 


10 


8H 


82 


10 


82 


• 81 


11 


80 


83 


11 


82 


81 


12 


00 


83 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m — Para river. 

12 111 — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



S Doc. 59. 



291 



Tcmjicratnrc rfthc air and the surface water- 
April 17. 



-Continued. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


92 


82 


2 


80 


81 


2 


92 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


92 


82 


4 


80 


81 


4 


92 


81 


5 


80 


81 


5 


92 


81 


G 


80 


81 


G 


90 


81 


7 


81 


82 


7 


89 


81 


8 


82 


82 


8 


88 


81 


9 


83 


82 


9 


81 


81 


10 


SG 


82 


10 


81 


81 


11 


86 


83 


11 


80 


80 


12 


90 

1 


84 


12 


78 


80 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Para river. 
-Para river. 
-Para river. 



April 18. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 




1 


78 


81 


1 


92 


81 


* 2 


78 


81 


2 


92 


81 


3 


78 


81 


3 


92 


8 




4 


78 


81 


4 


82 


8 




5 


78 


81 


5 


82 






G 


80 


81 


6 


81 






7 


81 


81 


7 


80 






8 


84 


81 


8 


80 






9 


87 


81 


9 


80 






10 


88 


81 


10 


79 






11 


90 


82 


11 


78 






12 


89 


83 


12 


78 







4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Para river. 
-Para river. 
-Para river. 



April 19. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o c 


) 


1 


78 




1 


86 




2 


78 




2 


86 




3 


78 




3 


86 




4 


78 


.. 


4 


86 




5 


78 




5 


66 




6 


78 




6 


86 




7 


80 




7 


81 




8 


82 




8 


78 




9 


82 




9 


78 




10 


83 




10 


78 




11 


8.5 




11 


78 




12 


86 


1 


12 


73 





4 a. ni. 

12 m. 

8 p. m, 



■rara river. 
-Para river. 



292 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface ivater — Continued. 
April 20. 



4 a. ra. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



April 21. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water" " 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


75 




1 


80 




2 


75 


74 


2 


81 






3 


75 




3 


80 






4 


75 


74 


4 


83 






5 


75 




5 


83 






6 


76 




6 


83 






7 


78 




7 


82 






8 


78 




8 


80 






9 


80 




9 


78 






10 


81 




10 


78 






11 


82 




11 


78 






12 


82 




12 


78 







A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 




1 


88 




2 


78 




2 


85 




3 


77 




3 


81 




4 


76 




4 


81 




5 


76 




5 


79 




6 


76 


.. 


6 


78 




7 


78 






78 


80 


8 


78 




8 


78 


80 


9 


84 




9 


78 


81 


10 


88 


.. 


10 


78 


81 


11 


90 




11 


77 


81 


12 


89 


•• 


12 


77 


81 





4 a. m.- 


-Para 


river. 














12 m.- 


—Para 


river. 














8 p. m. 


—Para 


river. 


















April 


22 








A.M. 









o 






P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 






81 






1 


86 


82 


2 


78 






80 






2 


86 


83 


3 


78 






80 






3 


85 


83 


4 


78 






80 






4 


s:j 


82 


5 


78 






80 






5 


M 


81 


6 


• 79 






80 






6 


M 


81 


7 


79 






80 






7 


81 


81 


8 


84 






82 






8 


80 


81 


9 


83 






81 






I) 


81 


81 


10 


84 






81 






lU 


81 


81 


11 


84 






81 






11 


81 


81 


12 


84 






81 






12 


81 


81 




4 a. m. 


-Para 


river. 














12 m. 


—Para 


river. 














8p. xn 


— Lt 


ititude OO 10' 


N 


-, longitude 480 


10' W. 





S. Doc. 59. 



293 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
April 23. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


! Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 





I P M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


80 


1 1 


78 


80 


2 


80 


80 


2 


79 


81 


3 


79 


80 


3 


80 


81 


4 


79 


81 


4 


80 


81 


5 


79 


81 


5 


81 


81 


6 


79 


81 


6 


81 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


78 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


78 


81 


9 


81 


81 


9 


78 


81 


10 


81 


81 


10 


78 


82 


11 


81 


81 


11 


78 


82 


12 


81 


81 


12 


78 


82 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 19' N. ; longitude 480 02' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 28 N. ; longitude 48 06 W 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 N. ; longitude 47 33 W. 

April 24. 



a. m.— Latitude 0° 24' N. ; longitude 47° 39' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 31 N. ; longitude 47 20 W. 
i p. m.— Latitude 33 N. ; longitude 46 46 W. 



A. M 


° 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


82 


1 


84 


82 


2 


78 


81 


2 


83 


81 


3 


78 


81 


3 


82 


81 


4 


78 


83 


4 


82 


81 


5 


78 


81 


5 


78 


81 


6 


79 


81 


6 


78 


81 


7 


79 


81 


7 


80 


81 


8 


81 


81 


8 


80 


81 


9 


84 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


84 


81 


10 


80 


81 


11 


84 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


84 


81 


12 


80 


81 



April 25. 



A.M. 


o 




P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


86 


82 


2 


80 


81 


2 


86 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


86 


82 


4 


80 


81 


4 


84 


81 


5 


82 


81 


5 


84 


81 


6 


82 


81 


6 


84 


81 


7 


82 


81 


7 


83 


81 


8 


84 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


84 


81 


9 


83 


81 


10 


84 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


84 


81 


11 


82 


81 


12 


84 


81 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude QO 19' N. ; longitude 460 25' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 30 N. ; longitude 46 07 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 22 N. ; longitude 45 42 W. 



294 



S. Doc. 59. 



TcihiKraturc of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
Apkil 2G. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


83 


81 


1 


86 


83 


2 


82 


HI 


2 


86 


82 


3 


82 


81 


3 


84 


82 


4 


82 


81 


4 


8.5 


82 




82 


81 


5 


84 


82 


G 


83 


81 


G 


Bt 


82 


7 


H4 


81 


7 


83 


81 


8 


84 


81 


8 


83 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


82 


82 


10 


87 


81 


10 


82 


82 


11 


88 


81 


11 


82 


82 


12 


88 


81 


12 


82 


82 



4 a. m.— Latitude 1° 00' N. 

12 m.— Latitude "iS N. 

8 p. ra.— Latitude 47 N. 



longitude 4 GO 19' W. 
longitude 45 56 W. 
longitude 45 20 W. 



April 27. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


82 


81 


1 


86 


82 


2 


82 


81 


o 


86 


82 


3 


82 


81 


3 


86 


82 


4 


82 


81 


4 


86 


82 


5 


82 


81 


5 


86 


82 


G 


83 


81 


G 


84 


82 


7 


84 


81 


7 


82 


82 


8 


85 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


85 


81 


9 


82 


82 


10 


8G 


81 


10 


8> 


81 


11 


85 


83 


11 


82 


81 


12 


85 


82 


12 


82 


82 





4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 4i' N 


. ; longitude 45° 


04' W. 






12 m.— Latitude 50 N. ; longitude 45 00 W. 






8 p. m.— Latitude 1 02 N. ; lungituda 44 36 W. 






ApraL 28. 




A. M. 


o 


o 


P M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


76 


81 


o 


80 


81 


o 


7G 


81 


3 


80 


81 


3 


78 


81 J 


4 


80 


81 


4 


IS 


81 1 


.0 


80 


81 


5 


IS 


81 1 


G 


81 


81 


G 


<8 


8« * 


7 


82 


81 


7 


78 


81 


8 


62 


81 


8 


78 


81 


9 


82 


82 


9 


78 


81 


10 


82 


81 


10 


78 


81 


11 


82 


81 


11 


79 


81 


12 


82 


81 


12 


80 


81 




4 a. m.— Latitude 1° 14' N. ; longitude 44° 12' W. 






12 m.— Latitude 1 15 N. ; longitude 43 59 W. 


1 




8 p. m.— Lat 


itudc 1 27 N. 


; longitude 44 


01 W. 


1 



S. Doc. 59. 



295 



Tcmjjcralure of the air and the mrface watei- — Continued. 
April 29. 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude Qo 52' N. 
-Latitude 1 10 N. 
-Latitude 1 UN. 



longitude 43° 25' W. 
longitude 43 31 W, 
longitude 43 08 W, 



Hour, 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


' Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


88 


82 


2 


80 


81 


2 


86 


81 


3 


80 


81 


3 


85 


81 


4 


80 


81 


4 


85 


81 


5 


80 


81 


5 


84 


81 


6 


81 


81 


6 


84 


81 


7 


82 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


83 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


81 


81 


10 


86 


81 


10 


81 


81 


11 


87 


81 


11 


81 


81 


12 


89 


81 


12 


81 


81 



April 30. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


81 


1 


90 


82 


2 


80 


80 


2 


91 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


92 


82 


4 


80 


81 


4 


92 


'• 82 


5 


81 


80 


5 


88 


82 


G 


81 


80 


6 


86 


82 


7 


81 


80. 


7 


83 


82 


8 


82 


80 


8 


83 


82 


9 


82 


80 


9 


82 


82 


10 


84 


80 


10 


82 


82 


]1 


86 


81 


11 


81 


82 


12 


86 


81 


12 


81 


82 



4 a. m. 

12 m.- 

8 p. m.- 



-Latitude 1° 14' N. 
-Latitude 1 08 N. 
-Latitude 38 N. 



longitude 43° 10' W. 



longitude 43 
longitude 43 



17 W. 

58 W. 



.AIay 1. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


82 


1 


79 


81 


2 


81 


82 


2 


7!) 


81 


3 


80 


82 


3 


79 


81 


4 


78 


82 


4 


79 


81 


5 


77 


82 


5 


80 


81 


6 


77 


81 


6 


80 


81 


7 


78 


82 


7 


80 


81 


8 


77 


82 


8 


80 


81 


9 


76 


81 


9 


79 


81 


10 


78 


81 


10 


79 


81 


31 


78 


81 


11 


79 


81 


12 


78 


81 


12 


80 


81 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 0° 34' N. ; longitude 44° 16' W. 
-Latitude 41 N. ; longitude 44 42 W. 
-Latitude 24 N. ; longitude 45 17 W. 



296 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tempe7'ature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
May 2. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 




80 


81 


1 


87 


82 


2 


80 


81 


2 


88 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


89 


83 


4 






4 


87 


83 


5 


78 


81 


5 


84 


83 


6 


78 


81 


6 


84 


82 


7 


79 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


81 


81 


9 


84 


81 


10 


82 


81 


10 


82 


81 


11 


84 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


85 


81 


12 


80 


81 



a. m.— Latitude 0° 28' 


N. 


longitude 45° 


30' 


W. 


12 m.— Latitude 13 


N. 


; longitude 46 


03 


W. 


p. m.— Latitude 18 


S. 


; longitude 46 


32 


W. 



May 3. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


86 


82 


2 


80 


81 


2 


88 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


86 


82 


4 


80 


81 


4 


85 


82 


5 


78 


81 


5 


83 


82 


6 


78 


81 


6 


82 


82 


7 


77 


81 


7 


80 


81 


8 


77 


81 


8 


78 


81 


9 


77 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


79 


81 


10 


80 


81 


11 


82 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


85 


81 


12 


79 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 0° 34' S. ; longitude 46° 35' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 32 S. ; longitude 46 57 W. 
8 p. m. — Para river. 



May 4. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 





1 


78 




1 


84 




2 


78 


81 


o 


86 


81 


3 


78 




3 


85 


81 


4 


78 


81 


4 


85 


81 


5 


78 


81 


5 


84 


81 


6 


78 


81 


6 


84 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


80 


81 


9 


82 


81 


10 


79 


81 


10 


80 


81 


11 


80 


81 


11 


81 


81 


12 


82 


81 


12 


82 


81 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



S. Doc. 59. 



297 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
May 5. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


81 


81 


1 


88 


81 


2 


81 


81 


2 


88 


81 


3 


81 


81 


3 


88 


81 


4 


81 


81 


4 


86 


82 


5 


81 


81 


5 


86 


82 


6 


82 


81 


6 


84 


82 


7 


82 


81 


7 


83 


82 


8 


86 


82 


8 


82 


82 


9 


88 


82 


9 


82 


81 


10 


88 


83 


10 


81 


81 


11 


90 


84 


11 


81 


81 


12 


91 


83 


12 


80 


81 



12 m. 
p. m. 



-Para river. 
-Para river. 
-Para river. 



May 6. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


92 


81 


2 


80 


81 


2 


92 


82 


3 


80 


81 


3 


92 


82 


4 


80 


81 


4 


90 


82 


5 


78 


80 


5 


88 


82 


6 


78 


80 


6 


84 


82 


7 


78 


80 


7 


84 


82 


8 


80 


80 


8 


84 


82 


9 


86 


80 


9 


82 


82 


10 


88 


81 


10 


82 


82 


11 


88 


81 


11 


80 


82 


12 




•• 


12 


80 


82 



4 a. m. — Para river 

12 m. 
8 p. m 



rara river. 
Para river. 



May 7. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


81 


1 


87 


82 


2 


79 


81 


2 


84 


82 


3 


78 


81 


3 


84 


82 


4 


78 


81 


4 


84 


81 


5 


78 


81 


5 


84 


81 


6 


79 


81 


6 


82 


81 


7 


85 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


87 


81 


8 


82 


81 


9 


88 


81 


9 


81 


81 


10 


88 


81 


10 


. 81 


81 


11 


90 


81 


11 


. 81 
' 81 


81 


12 


90 


82 


12 


81 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Para river. 
-Para river. 
-Para river. 



298 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continue J. 
May 8. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


83 


81 


2 


83 


81 


2 


83 


81 


3 


80 


8] 


3 


84 


81 


4 


80 


81 


4 


84 


81 


5 


80 


81 


5 


84 


81 


C 


80 


HI 


G 


84 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


78 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


78 


81 


9 


78 


81 


9 


78 


81 


10 


80 


81 


10 


8J 


81 


]1 


82 


81 


11 


79 


81 


12 


83 


81 


12 


79 


81 



12 m. 
\ p. m. 



-Para river. 
-Para river. 
-Para river. 



May 9. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


81 


1 


8G 


81 


C) 


78 


81 


2 


8G 


82 


3 


78 


81 


3 


8C 


82 


4 


78 


81 


4 


8G 


81 


f) 


77 


81 


f) 


85 


81 


G 


77 


81 


G 


85 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


84 


81 


8 


82 


81 





h3 


81 


!) 


83 


HI 


9 


80 


81 


]0 


85 


Hi 


10 


80 


81 


11 


85 


81 


11 


79 


81 


12 


85 


81 


1. 


79 


81 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 ni. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



May 10. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


81 


1 


83 


82 


o 


78 


81 


2 


88 


82 


3 


78 


81 


3 


85 


82 


4 


78 


81 


4 


79 


81 


5 


77 


81 


5 


79 


81 


G 


77 


81 


G 


7!) 


81 


7 


81 


81 


7 


78 


81 


8 


82 


81 


8 


78 


81 


9 


84 


81 


9 


78 


81 


10 


85 


81 


10 


78 


81 


11 


8C 


81 


11 


7;) 


81 


12 


8G 


81 


12 


79 


81 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



S. Doc. 59. 



299 



TcmpcralJirc of tlic air and (he surface water- 
May 11. 



-Continued. 



Hour, 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


76 


81 


1 


77 


81 


2 


76 


81 


2 


77 


81 


3 


75 


81 


3 


77 


80 


4 


75 


81 


4 


77 


80 


5 


75 


81 


5 


77 


80 


G 


76 


81 


6 


77 


80 


7 


76 


81 


7 


78 


80 


8 


76 


81 





76 


80 


9 


78 


80 


9 


76 


80 


10 


80 


SO 


10 


76 


80 


11 


80 


SO 


]1 


76 


80 


12 


82 


80 


12 


76 


80 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



May 12. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


76 


80 


1 


88 


82 




76 


80 


2 




.. 


3 


75 


80 


3 






4 


75 


80 


4 


90 


82 


5 


75 


83 


5 


88 


82 


6 


75 


80 


G 


86 


82 


7 


76 


80 


7 


82 


81 


8 


76 


80 


8 


82 


. 81 


9 


82 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


84 


81 


10 


80 


81 


n 


84 


81 


11 


78 


81 


12 


84 


81 


12 


78 


80 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



May 13. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


80 


1 


78 


80 


2 


78 


80 


2 


78 


80 


3 


78 


80 


3 


81 


80 


4 


78 


m 


4 


83 


80 


5 


77 


8i) 


5 


83 


81 


() 


77 


80 


C 


83 


81 


7 


77 


80 


7 


80 


81 


8 


76 


80 


8 


80 


81 


9 


77 


81 


9 


79 


81 


10 


78 


81 


10 


79 


81 


11 


78 


81 


11 


79 


81 


12 


78 


81 


12 


80 


81 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



300 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
May 14. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface 


A.M. 




o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


81 


1 


86 


81 


2 


79 


81 


2 


86 


81 


3 


79 


81 


3 


84 


81 


4 


79 


81 


4 


84 


81 


5 


79 


81 


5 


81 


81 


6 


79 


81 


G 


80 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


80 


81 


8 


82 


81 


8 


80 


81 


9 


86 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


88 


81 


10 


79 


81 


11 


89 


82 


11 


79 


81 


12 


88 


82 


12 


79 


81 



4 a. m. — Para river. 

12 m. — Para river. 

8 p. m. — Para river. 



May 15. 



a. m. — Para river. 




12 m.— Latitude 0° 08' S. 


longitude 48° 06' W 


p. m.— Latitude 23 N. 


; longitude 48 11 W 



A M. 


o 


° 1 


P. xM. 




o 


I 


78 


81 i 


1 


84 


82 


2 


78 


81 ! 


2 


84 


82 


3 


78 


81 1 


3 


84 


82 


4 


78 


81 ' 


4 


84 


82 


5 


78 


81 i 


5 


83 


82 


6 


79 


81 


6 


82 


82 


7 


80 


81 i 


7 


81 


82 


8 


80 


81 \ 


8 


80 


82 


9 


83 


81 


9 


80 


82 


10 


86 


81 


10 


80 


82 


11 


88 


81 


11 


80 


82 


12 


87 


8. 


12 


80 


82 



]May 16. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


82 


1 


86 


82 


o 


79 


82 


2 


85 


82 


3 


80 


82 


3 


84 


82 


4 


80 


82 


4 


84 


82 


5 


80 


82 


5 


84 


82 


6 


81 


81 


6 


83 


82 


7 


82 


80 


7 


82 


82 


8 


84 


80 


8 


81 


82 


9 


85 


81 


9 


78 


81 


10 


86 


81 


10 


78 


81 


11 


86 


81 


11 


78 


81 


12 


86 


81 


12 


78 


8. 



4 a. m.— Latitude 1° 06' N ; longitude 48° 43' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 39 N. ; longitude 48 55 W. 

8 p. ra.— Latitude 1 49 N. ; longitude 48 39 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



301 



Temperature of the air and the surface t(;a^e?-— Continued. 
May 17. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


1 

Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


■ P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


81 


i 1 


78 


81 


2 


78 


81 


! 2 


76 


81 


3 


78 


81 


i 3 


76 


81 


4 


78 


81 


1 4 


76 


81 


5 


79 


81 


5 


76 


81 


6 


80 


80 


! 6 


76 


80 


7 


80 


80 


i 7 


77 


80 


8 


82 


80 


i 8 


78 


80 


9 


83 


80 


9 


78 


80 


10 


80 


80 


1 10 


78 


80 


11 


79 


80 


1 11 


78 


80 


12 


78 


80 


1 12 

j 


78 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 1© 57' N. ; longitude 480 39' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 1 51 N. ; longitude 48 14 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 00 N. ; longitude 48 03 W. 



May 18. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


1 P.M. 1 


% 


o 


1 


78 


80 


i 1 


84 


81 


2 


78 


80 


2 


84 


82 


3 


78 


80 


' 3 


84 


82 


4 


78 


80 


: 4 I 


80 


81 


5 


78 


80 


i 5 i 


80 


81 


6 


80 


80 


: 6 j 


79 


81 


7 


81 


81 


' 7 1 


77 


81 


8 


84 


81 


1 8 


76 


81 


9 


84 


81 


i 9 


79 


80 


10 


86 


81 


1 10 ; 


79 


80 


11 


86 


82 


' 11 


79 


80 


12 


84 


82 


12 1 


79 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 2° 20' N. : 

12 m.— Latitude 2 29 N. : 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 31 N. : 



longitude 480 11' W. 
longitude 48 05 W. 
longitude 47 53 W. . 



May 19. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


' P.M. 


o 


o- 


1 


79 


80 


1 


82 


80 


2 


81 


80 


2 


82 


80 


3 


81 


80 


1 3 


81 


80 


4 


81 


80 


! 4 


80 


80 


5 


81 


80 


i 5 


79 


81 


6 


81 


80 


6 


78 


81 


7 


83 


SO 


7 


78 


81 


8 


83 


80 


8 


78 


81 


9 


84 


80 


! 9 


78 


81 


10 


85 


81 


10 


78 


80 


11 


85 


81 


11 


78 


80 


12 


86 


81 


12 


78 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 20 47' N. ; longitude 48° 06' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 2 24 N. ; longitude 47 44 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 2 42 N. : longitude 47 43 W. 



302 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature nfl/ic air and I he surface water — Ci^ntinucd 
May 20. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 




77 


80 


1 


84 


81 


2 




8J 


2 


84 


81 


3 


77 


80 


3 


84 


81 


4 


77 


8J 


4 


84 


81 


5 


77 


8J 


r> 


82 


81 


G 


79 


8J 


c 


81 


81 


7 


79 




7 


81 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


81 


81 


9 


82 


81 


9 


81 


81 


10 


83 


81 


10 


81 


81 


11 


84 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


84 


81 


n 


79 


. 81 



4 a. m. 
12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 3° 18' N. ; longitude 480 18' W. 
-Latitude 3 45 N. ; louo:itude 48 13 W. 
-Latitude 3 27 N. : lon'ritude 48 03 W. 



May 21. 



A.M. 


• 79 





P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


81 


1 


82 


82 


2 


79 


81 


2 


83 


81 


3 


79 


81 


3 


82 


81 


4 


79 


81 


4 


82 


81 


5 


79 


81 


5 


82 


81 


G 


79 


81 


G 


82 


81 


7 


80 


81 


7 


82 


81 


8 


80 


81 


8 


80 


81 


9 


80 


81 


9 


80 


81 


10 


84 


81 


10 


80 


bl 


11 


84 


81 


11 


80 


81 


12 


83 


81 


12 


79 


81 



4 a. m.— Latitude 30 35' N. ; longitude 480 05' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 3 58 N. ; longitude 48 01 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 4 07 N. ; longitude 47 55 W. 



xMay 22. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


81 


1 


82 


81 


o 


80 


81 


2 


81 


81 


3 


80 


81 


3 


80 


81 


4 


79 


81 


4 


78 


80 


5 


79 


81 


5 


78 


81 


G 


79 


81 


G 




80 


7 


79 


81 


7 


78 


81 


8 


81 


81 


8 


79 


81 


9 


82 


8.1 


9 


78 


80 


10 


82 


8:) 


10 


78 


80 


11 


83 


80 


11 


78 


80 


12 


83 


80 


12 


78 


80 



4 a. m. — Latitude 4° lo' N. ; iorgitude 4"iO AW W. 

12 m.— Latitude 4 39 N. ; longitude 47 43 W. 

8 p. ni.— Latitude 5 IS N. ; longitude 47 £G W. 



S. Doc. o9. 



303 



Temperature of the air and ihc surface water — Continued. 
May 23. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surfb.ce. 


A.M. 


O 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


78 


sa 


1 


79 


80 


2 


78 


80 


2 


80 


80 


3 


78 


80 


3 


80 


80 


4 


79 


80 


4 


80 


80 


5 


78 


80 


5 


80 


80 


G 


79 


80 


6 


80 


80 


7 


79 


80 


7 


78 


80 


8 


8'J 


80 


8 


79 


80 


9 


81J 


8J 


9 


79 


80 


10 


79 


80 


10 


79 


80 


11 


79 


80 


11 


79 


80 


12 


80 


80 


12 


79 


80 



4 a. m. — 

12 m. 
8 p. m.- 



Latitude 5° 5£' N. ; longitude 48° 0'2' W. 
Latitude G 38 N. ; longitude 47 54 V/ 
Latitude 7 02 N. ; longitude 47 45 W. 



May 24. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 


84 


80 


2 


79 


80 


2 


82 


80 


3 


79 


80 


3 


82 


80 


4 


79 


80 


4 


82 


80 


5 


79 


80 


5 


83 


80 


6 


80 


80 


6 


82 


80 


7 


80 


80 


7 


81 


80 


8 


82 


80 


8 


81 


80 


9 


84 


80 


9 


80 


80 


10 






10 


80 


80 


11 






11 


78 


80 


12 


86 


81 


12 


78 


80 



a. m. 
12 m. 
1 p. m. 



-Latitude 70 34' N. ; longitude 470 51' W. 
-Latitude 8 03 N. ; longitude 47 54 W. 
-Latitude 8 40 N. ; longitude 48 06 W. 



May 25. 



A.M. 








P. M. 








1 


78 


80 


1 


86 


80 


2 


78 


80 


2 


86 


80 


3 


78 


80 


3 


85 


80 


4 


78 


80 


4 


85 


80 


5 


73 


80 


5 


83 


80 


G 


80 


80 


6 


83 


80 


7 


82 


80 


7 


80 


80 


8 


83 


80 


8 


80 


80 


9 


84 


80 


9 


79 


80 


10 


85 


80 


10 


79 


80 


11 


86 


80 


11 


79 


80 


12 


86 


80 


12 


80 


80 



4 a. in.— Latitude 8^ 41/ N. ; lona'itude 48° OG' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 8 53 N. ; lon'gitude 47 49 W. 

8 1). ni.— Latitude 9 34 N. ; longitude 47 IG W. 



304 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface imter — Continued. 
May 26. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


A.. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 


86 


80 


2 


79 


80 


2 


86 


80 


3 


79 


80 


3 


85 


80 


4 


79 


81 


4 


88 


80 




79 


81 


5 


84 


80 


6 


81 


80 


6 


82 


80 


7 


81 


80 


7 


82 


79 


8 


82 


80 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


80 


9 


82 


79 


10 


87 


80 


10 


81 


79 


11 


87 


80 


11 


81 


79 


12 


88 


80 


12 


80 


79 





4 a. m.— Latitude 10° 31' N. 


; longitude 470 41' 


W. 






12 m.— Latitude 10 53 N. ; longitude 47 38 


w. 






8 p. m — Latitude 11 46 N. ; longitude 47 43 


w. 






May 27. 






A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 




o 


o 


1 


79 


80 


1 




83 


78 


2 


79 


80 


2 




83 


78 


3 


79 


79 


3 




83 


78 


4 


79 


79 


4 




83 


78 


5 


78 


79 


5 




83 


78 


6 


78 


78 


6 




82 


78 


7 


77 


78 


7 




82 


78 


8 


78 


78 


8 




81 


78 


9 


78 


79 


9 




79 


78 


10 


82 


79 


10 




79 


78 


11 


82 


78 


11 




79 


78 


12 


82 


78 


12 




79 


78 




4 a. m.— Latitude 120 42' N. ; longitude 470 49' 


W. 


1 




12 m.— Latitude 13 49 N. ; longitude 48 06 


W. 


1 




8 p. m.— Latitude 14 51 N. ; longitude 48 38 


W. 


1 




May 28. 




1 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 




o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 




84 


79 


2 


78 


78 


o 




86 


79 


3 


78 


78 


3 




86 


79 


4 


78 


78 


4 




86 


79 


5 


78 


78 


5 




64 


78 


6 


79 


78 


6 




84 


78 


7 


80 


78 


7 




80 


78 


8 


81 


78 


8 




80 


78 


9 


82 


78 


9 




79 


78 


10 


84 


79 


10 




78 


78 1 


n 


84 


79 


11 




78 


78 1 


12 


84 


79 


12 




78 


-s 1 




4 a. m.— Latitude 14° 50' N. ; longitude 48° 54' 


W. 


1 




12 m.— Latitude 14 48 N. ; longitude 48 58 


w. 


n 




8 p. m. — Lat 


itudelS 29 N 


. ; longitude 49 


08 


w. 





S, Dec. 59. 



805 



Temperature nj iJie air and the surface icatcr — Continued. 
May 29. 



Hour. 


Air. 


AVater 

surface. 


IIOMV, 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 




P, M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


73 


1 


81 


78 


2 


78 


78 


o 


81 


78 


3 


78 


78 


3 


82 


78 


4 


78 


78 


4 


82 




6 


78 


78 


5 


81 




6 


78 


78 


6 


80 




7 


79 


78 


7 


73 


78 


8 


8!) 


73 


8 


78 


78 


9 


82 


78 


9 


78 


78 


10 


82 


78 


10 


78 


78 


]l 


82 


78 


11 


78 


78 


12 


go 


78 


12 


78 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 15° 59' N. ; longitude 49° 14' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 16 (J4 N. ; longitude 49 30 V/, 

8 p. m.— Latitude 15 5G N. ; lorgitude 49 49 W. 



May 30. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


82 


78 


2 


78 


78 


o 


82 


78 


3 


77 


73 


3 


82 


78 


4 


77 


73 


4 


32 


78 


5 


76 


78 


5 


78 


78 


G 


73 


73 


G 


78 


78 


7 


83 


73 


7 


73 


78 


8 


83 


78 


8 


78 


78 


9 


81 


73 


9 


80 


78 


10 


82 


■/S 


10 


80 


78 


11 


&3 


78 


11 


79 


78 


12 


83 


79 


12 


79 


78 



4 a. 

12 



-Latitude 15° 23' N. 
-Latitude 14 46 N. 
-Latitude 14 11 N. 



longitude 50° 29' W. 
longitude 51 02 W. 
longitude 51 37 W. 



May 31. 



A.M. 


o 


o 




P. M. 




o 


o 


1 


78 


79 




1 




84 


79 


2 


73 


79 




2 




84 


79 


3 


73 


79 




3 




84 


-19 


4 


79 


79 




4 




84 


79 


5 


79 


79 




5 




83 


79 


G 


81 


79 




G 




82 


79 


7 


82 


79 




7 




60 


79 


8 


84 


79 




8 




8.) 


79 


9 


84 


79 




9 




80 


79 


10 


84 


79 




10 




80 


79 


11 


84 


79 




n 




80 


79 


12 


84 


79 




12 




89 


79 




4 a. m.— Latitude 13° 3.V 


N 


; lorgitude 520 20' 


w. 






12 m.— Latitude 13 04 


N 


; longitude 52 44 


W. 






8 p. m.— Latitude 12 41 


N 


; longitude 53 13 


W. 




25 

















306 



S. Doc. 59. 



TanjKraiure of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 1. 




a. m.— Latitude 12© 06' N. ; longitude 53° 40' W, 
12 m.— Latitude 11 46 N. ; longitude 53 34 W. 
p. m.— Latitude 11 55 N. ; longitude 53 55 W. 

June 2. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. . 


o 


o 


1 


79 


79 


1 


86 


81 


2 


79 


79 


2 


88 


81 


3 


80 


80 


3 


m 


81 


4 


80 


79 


4 


86 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


79 


6 


80 


79 


6 


85 


80 


7 


83 


79 


/ 


82 


80 


8 


84 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


84 


79 


9 


82 


80 


10 


87 


80 


10 


82 


80 


11 


87 


81 


11 


81 


80 


12 


87 


81 


12 


81 


80 



4 a. m.— Latitude 12° 21' N. ; longitude 54° 01' W. 

12ni.— Latitude 12 21 N. ; longitude 54 29 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 12 22 N. ; longitude 55 (J9 W, 



June 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


■ 82 


79 


1 


88 


80 


2 


82 


79 


2 


86 


80 


3 


82 


79 


3 


V{\ 


79 


4 


82 


79 


4 


8j 


79 


5 


82 


79 


5 


84 


79 


6 


82 


79 


6 


83 


79 


7 


83 


79 


7 


82 


79 


■ 8 


84 


79 


8 


82 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


82 


79 


10 


84 


79 


10 


82 


79 


H 


84 


79 


11 


82 


78 


12 


80 


79 


12 


82 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 13° 19' N. ; longitude 540 57' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 14 10 N. ; longitude 54 46 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 14 54 N. ; longitude 54 29 W. 



S. Doc. 59, 



307 



Temperature of tJi^ air and the surface water — -Continaed. 
June 4. 



Hour. 


Ai-r. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 





1 


SI 


78 


1 


85 


79 


2 


81 


78 





85 


79 


3 


81 


78 


5 


85 


79 


4 


80 


78 


4 


85 ■ i 


80 


5 


«0 


78 


5 


85 : 


80 


6 


80 


78 


6 


83 


8D 


7 


82 


79 


7 


82 '■ 


79 


8 


82 


79 


8 


82 ; 


79 


9 


82 


79 


9 


82 


79 


10 


85 


79 


10 


82 : 


79 


11 


85 


79 


11 


81 


79 


12 


85 


79 


12 


81 ; 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 15° 33' N, 

12 m. — Latitude 15 26 N. 

8 p. iQ.— Latitude 15 37 N. 



longitude 540 .39' w. 
longitude 55 05 W, 
longitude 55 -53 W, 



June 5. 



A.M. 





o 


P. M. 


o : 


o 


1 


81 


79 


1 


86 '■ 


80 


2 


81 


80 


2 


88 


80 


3 


81 


80 


i 3 


86 ; 


80 


4 


81 


80 


4 


.84 \ 


79 


5 


80 


79 


i 5 


84 : 


79 


6 


81 


79 


! 6 


84 • ■ 


79 


7 


81 


79 


! 7 


83 . 


79 


8 


80 


79 


8 


83 1 


79 


9 


85 


79 


9 


82 ': 


79 


10 


86 


79 


! 10 


82 , 


79 


11 


86 


79 


11 


80 i 


79 


12 


86 


80 


12 


80 i 


79 



4 a-, m.— Latitude 150 52' N. ; longitude 56° 40' W. 

12ra.— Latitude 16 03 N. ; longitude 57 21 W. 

8 p. m,— Latitude 16 16 N. ; longitude 58 06 W. 



June 6. 



A. M. 




o 


1 

P. M. 


o 





1 


80 


79 


1 


83 


79 


2 


80 


79 


o 


85 


80 


3 


80 


78 


3 


85 


80 


4 


80 


78 


4 


85 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


80 


6 


82 


79 


6 


83 ; 


80 


7 


83 


79 


7 


82 


89 


8 


83 


79 


8 


82 


80 


9 


84 


79 


9 


80 


79 


10 


86 


79 


10 


80 ; 


79- 


11 


86 ' 


79 


11 


80 ; 


79 


12 


86 


79 


12 


80 ; 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 16° 40' N. 

12 m.— Latitude 16 51 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 16 50 N. 



longitude 58° 05' W. 
longitude 58 34 W, 
longitude :>'i 57 W, 



308 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tcmj)cralurc cf the air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 7. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


1 

Hour. 


Air. 


W.itcr 
6urfacc. 


A.M. 


O 


O 


P. M. • 


o 


o , 


1 


85 


79 


1 


85 


79 1 


9 


fel) 


79 


2 


85 


79 \ 


3 


b;) 


79 


3 


85 


80 ' 


4 


63 


79 


4 


85 


80 


5 


80 


79 


5 


85 


80 


6 


61 


79 


G 


84 


80 


7 


62 


79 


7 


84 


80 


8 


84 


79 


8 


84 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


83 


79 


10 


84 


79 


10 


81 


79 


11 


85 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


85 


79 


12 


80 


79 1 



4 a. m. 

12 m. 

6 p. m. 



-Latitude 160 38' N. 
-Latitude 16 44 N. 
-Latitude IG 42 N. 



longitude 580 51' W. 
longitude 58 45 W. 
loncitude59 21 W. 



June 8. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o i 


1 


80 


79 


1 


66 


80 


2 


79 


79 


2 


66 


80 


3 


79 


79 


3 


85 


80 


4 


80 


79 


4 


84 


79 


5 


80 


79 


5 


84 


79 


6 


82 


79 


(] 


64 


79 


7 


83 


79 


7 




79 


8 


84 


79 


8 


82 


79 


9 


85 


79 


9 


82 


79 


30 


85 


79 


10 


80 


79 


11 


8G 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


bc 


79 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 170 39- N. ; longitude .590 29' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 18 38 N. ; longitude 59 31 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 19 08 N. ; longitude 59 24 W. 



June 9. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


79 


1 


84 


79 


2 


m 


IS 


o 


84 


79 


3 


80 


78 


3 


83 


79 


4 


80 


79 


4 


63 


79 


5 


79 


79 


r, 


63 


79 


C 


81 


79 


6 


62 


79 


7 


83 


79 


7 


62 


79 


8 


85 


79 


B 


hj 


79 


9 


84 


79 


9 


8J 


79 


10 


84 


79 


10 


60 


79 


11 


84 


79 


11 


6D 


78 


12 


84 


79 


12 


80 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 19° 54' N. ; longitude 59° 38' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 20 44 N. ; longitude 59 38 W, 

8p. m.— Latitude 21 30 N. ; longitude 69 21 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



309 



Temjjcrature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 10. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


O 


1 


79 


78 


1 


83 


79 


2 


79 


78 


2 


83 


79 


3 


78 


78 


3 


83 ■ 


79 


4 


78 


78 


4 


82 


79 


5 


78 


78 


5 


82 


79 


6 


78 


78 


6 


82 


79 


7 


79 


78 


7 


82 


73 


8 


82 


78 


8 


80 


73 


!) 


80 


78 


9 


79 


73 


10 


83 


78 


iO 


79 


73 


11 


83 


79 


11 


79 


78 


12 


82 


79 


12 


79 


73 



a. m.- 
12 m. 



-Latitude 220 23' N. ; longitude 5SO 32' W. 
-Latitude 23 01 N. ; longitude 59 26 W. 
-Latitude 23 43 N. ; longitude 59 33 W. 



June 11. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


78 


1 


84 


78 


2 


78 


78 


2 


84 


78 


3 


78 


78 


3 


84 


73 


4 


78 


• 73 


4 


84 


77 


5 


73 


78 


o 


83 


7? 


6 


78 


78 


6 


83 


77 


7 


78 


78 


7 


8) 


77 


8 


80 


78 


8 


79 


77 


9 


81 


78 


9 


73 


77 


10 


83 


78 


10 


79 


77 


11 


83 


78 


11 


73 


77 


12 


85 


73 


12 


73 


'^ 



4 a. ra. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 24^ 34' N. 
-Latitude 25 il N. 
-Latitude 25 52 N. 



longitude 59° 48' W. 
longitude 60 00 W. 
longitude 60 09 W. 



12. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


77 


1 


80 


75 


2 


78 


76 


2 


80 


74 


3 


73 


76 


3 


80 


74 


4 


76 


76 


4 


80 


76 


5 


76 


76 


5 


80 


76 


G 


73 


77 


6 


81 


75 


7 


78 


77 


7 


74 


75 


8 


80 


77 


8 


74 


76 


9 


78 


77 


9 


74 


75 


10 


73 


7G 


10 


74 


75 


11 


80 


76 


11 


74 


75 


13 


80 


76 


12 


74 


76 



4 a. m.— Latitude 26^ 23' N. ; lono-itude 6:]0 OS' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 26 23 N. ; longitude 60 04 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 25 34 N. ; longitude 60 05 W. 



310 



S. Doc. 59. 



; Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. SI 

June 13. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 






surface. 




surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


74 


76 


1 


81 




2 


74 


76 


2 


81 




3 


74 


7G 


3 


80 




4 


7i 


76 


4 


78 




5 


74 


76 


5 


78 




G 


78 


76 


6 


78 




7 


83 


76 


7 


78 




8 


81 


77 


8 


78 


76 


9 


8i) 


79 


9 


78 


76 


10 


8-3 


79 


10 


78 


76 


11 


82 


79 


11 


78 


76 


12 


81 


78 


12 


78 


76 



4 a. m.— Latitude 25° 01' 

12 m.— Latitude 24 36 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 03 



N. ; longitude 60O 30' W. 
N. ; longitude 60 4.5 W. 
N. ; longitude 61 04 W. 



June 14. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


76 


1 


80 


78 


2 


78 


76 


2 


80 


78 


3 


78 




3 


80 


78 


4 


78 




4 


80 


78 


5 


78 




• .5 


81 


78 


G . 


78 




6 


81 


78 


7 


77 




7 


80 


78 


8 


80 




8 


80 


78 


9 


81 




9 


79 


78 


10 


81 


77 


10 


79 


78 


11 


82 




11 


79 


78 


12 


82 




12 


79 


78 



4 a. m.— Latitude 240 13' N. ; 

12 m.— Latitude 24 20 N. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 13 N. 



longitude 610 12' W. 
lonofitude 61 40 W. 
longitude 61 50 W. 



June 1-5. 



A.M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


79 


77 


1 


77 


77 


2 


78 


78 


2 


78 


7T 


3 


78 


78 


3 


80 


77 


4 


78 


78 


4 


80 


78 


5 


78 


78 


5 


80 


78 


G 


78 


78 


6 




78 


7 


78 


78 


7 


79 


78 


8 


7.5 


78 


8 


79 


78 


9 


75 


77 


9 


76 


78 


10 


75 


77 


10 


76 


77 


H 


75 


77 


11 


76 


77 


12 


70 


77 


12 


76 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 240 27' N. ; longitude 62© 44' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 24 28 N. ; longitude 63 03 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 32 N. ; longitude 63 49 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



811 



Temiierature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 16. 



Hour. 


AU-. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


76 


77 


1 


82 


79 


2 


76 


77 


2 


. 82 


79 


3 


75 


77 


3 


82 


79 


4 


75 


76 


4 


80 


79 


5 


75 


76 


5 


78 


79 


6 


75 


76 


6 


78 


78 


7 


78 


76 


7 


78 


79 


8 


80 


76 


8 


78 


79 


9 


80 


78 


9 


77 


79 


10 


82 


78 


10 


77 


79 


11 


82 


78 


11 


77 


79 


12 


84 


78 


12 


77 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 24° 36' N. ; longitude 640 25' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 24 34 N. ; longitude 64 25 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 39 N. ; longitude 64 43 W. 

June 17. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


1 P.M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


79 


1 


85 


82 


2 


78 


79 


2 


85 


82 


3 


79 


79 


3 


85 


82 


4 


79 


79 


i • 4 


85 


81 


5 


78 ■ 


79 


! ^ 


84 


80 


6 


80 : 


79 


6 


83 


80 


7 


81 


79 


^ 


81 


80 


8 


84 


79 


1 8 


80 


80 


9 


85 


79 


i 9 


79 


79 


10 


85 


79 


10 


76 


79 


11 


86 


79 


11 


76 


79 


12 


86 


79 


! 12 


76 


79 



a. m.— Latitude 24° 35' N. ; longitude 64° 56' W. 
12 m.— Latitude 24 32 N. ; longitude 65 13 W. 
! p. m.— Latitude 24 34 N. ; longitude 65 30 W. 



June 18. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


77 


79 


i 1 


77 


79 


2 


77 


79 


2 


79 


79 


3 


77 


79 


: 3 


79 


79 


4 


77 


79 


1 4 


79 


79 


5 


78 


79 


! 5 


79 


79 


6 


78 


79 


1 6 


79 


79 


7 


8Q 


79 


I 7 


79 


79 


8 


81 


79 


i 8 


80 


79 


9 


81 


79 


9 


80 


79 


10 


81 


79 


i 10 


80 


79 


11 


78 


78 


1 11 


80 


79 


12 


78 


78 


12 


78 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 24° 48' 

12 m.— Latitude 24 43 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 44 



N. ; longitude 650 22' W. 
N. ; longitude 65 16 W. 
N. ; longitude 65 21 W. 



312 



S. Doc. 59. 



Temperature of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 19. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


79 


1 


87 


80 


2 


77 


79 


2 


87 


80 


3 


77 


79 


3 


85 


80 


4 


77 


79 


4 


84 


80 


5 


79 


79 


5 


84 


80 


6 


8) 


79 


G 


84 


80 


7 


83 


79 


7 


83 


80 


8 


8:) 


79 


8 


83 


79 


9 


83 


79 


9 


81 


79 


10 


84 


80 


10 


81 


79 


11 


87 


79 


11 


80 


79 


12 


90 


8J 


12 


8J 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 240 53' N. ; longitude 6.50 14' W. 

12 in.— Latitude 25 02 N. ; longitude 64 48 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 5G N. ; longitude 64 59 W. 



June 20. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


80 


70 


1 


82 


79 


o 


80 


79 


2 


82 


79 


3 


80 


79 


3 


82 


79 


4 


80 


79 


4 


81 


79 


5 


79 


79 


5 


81 


79 


6 


78 


79 


6 


79 


79 




8.-> 


79 


7 


79 


79 


8 


85 


80 


8 


79 


79 


9 


77 


80 


9 


79 


79 


10 


78 


80 


10 


79 


79 


11 


82 


80 


11 


79 


79 


12 


82 


80 


12 


78 


79 



4 a. m.— Latitude 24° 41' N. ; longitude 65° 17' W. 

12 m.— Latitude ?4 40 N. ; lonrritude 65 13 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 24 35 N. ; longitude 65 11 W. 



June 21. 



A. iM. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


79 


1 


84 


79 


2 


70 


79 


2 


85 


79 


3 


79 


70 


3 


85 


79 


4 


70 


70 


4 


8-3 


79 





70 


70 


5 


81 


79 


6 


80 


70 


G 


81 


79 


7 


80 


79 


7 


8) 


79 


8 


81 


70 


8 


HO 


89 


9 


82 


79 


<.) 


79 


79 


10 


80 


79 


10 


78 


78 


11 


79 


70 


11 


78 


78 


12 


80 


79 


12 


78 


79 



4 a. m,— Latitude 25° 03' N. ; longitude 65° .56' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 25 13 N. ; longitude 66 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 25 32 N. ; longitude 67 01 W. 



S. Doc. 59. 



313 



Temperature of the air and tlic surface icatcr — Continued. 
June 22. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 

surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


78 


79 


1 


77 


78 


2 


78 


79 


2 


77 


78 


3 


77 


79 


3 


77 


78 


4 


77 


79 


4 


78 


77 


5 


77 


78 


5 


81 


78 


6 


78 


78 


6 


80 


78 


. 7 


80 


78 


7 


80 


78 


8 


80 


78 


8 


80 


77 


9 


80 


78 


9 


76 


77 


10 


83 


78 


10 


76 


77 


11 


84 


78 


11 


77 


77 


12 


84 


,8 


12 


77 


77 



4 a. m.— Latitude 25^ 45' N. ; longitude 670 04' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 26 18 N. ; longitude 67 24 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 26 48 N. ; longitude 67 S5 V/. 

June 23. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


77 


1 


84 


79 


2 


78 


77 


2 


84 


'9 


3 


78 


77 


3 


84 


79 


4 


78 


77 


4 


85 


79 


5 


78 


77 


5 


85 


79 


G 


79 


77 


6 


83 


79 


7 


79 


77 


7 


81 


79 


8 


79 


77 


8 


8J 


79 


9 


8J 


77 


9 


80 


79 


10 


81 


78 


10 


80 


79 


11 


82 


78 


11 


80 


79 


12 


83 


78 


12 


80 


79 



4 a. ni. 

12 m. 

8 p. m. 



-Latitude 270 ]9' N. ; longitude 680 04' W. 
-Latitude 27 38 N. ; longitude 63 10 W. 
-Latitude 28 03 N. ; longitude 63 27 W, 



June 24. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


79 


79 


1 


84 


79 


2 


79 


78 


2 


84 


79 


3 


79 


78 


3 


84 


79 


4 


79 


78 


4 


84 


79 


5 


76 


78 


5 


84 


79 


6 


76 


78 


6 


84 


79 


7 


80 


78 


7 


81 


78 


8 


81 


79 


8 


80 


78 


9 


8-1 


79 


9 


79 


78 


10 


84 


79 


10 


79 


78 


11 


84 


79 


11 


79 


78 


12 


84 


79 


12 


-ig 


73 



4 a. m.— Latitude 280 36' N. ; longitude 6SO 51' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 29 03 N. ; longitude 69 05 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude £9 47 N. ; longitude 69 32 W. 



314 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tc7npcra!ure of the air and the surface water — Continued. 
Jl'ne 25. 



Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


O 


I 


7S 


78 


1 


81 


75 


9 


77 


78 


u 


811 


76 


3 


77 


78 


3 


8y 


7(> 


4 


77 


78 


4 


81 


77 


5 


7(i 


78 


5 


79 


7G 


6 


79 


75 


6 


78 


75 


7 


By 


74 


7 


79 


75 


8 


m 


75 


8 


78 


75 


9 


8i) 


75 


9 


77 


75 


10 


m 


75 


lil 


77 


75 


11 


m 


75 


11 


77 


75 


12 


8D 


75 


12 


" 


74 



4 a. in.— Latitude 30° 32' N. ; longitude 70o 06' W, 

12 m.— Latitude 31 12 N. ; longitude 70 27 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 32 04 N. ; longitude 71 03 W. 



JUxNE 26. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


71 


74 


1 


73 


72 


2 


70 


74 


2 


73 


73 


3 


70 


74 


3 


73 


73 


4 


70 


74 


4 


73 


72 


5 


70 


74 


5 


72 


72 


6 


70 


73 


6 


72 


72 


7 


70 


73 


7 


72 


72 


8 


71 


73 


8 


71 


72 


9 


72 


73 


9 


70 


72 


10 


73 


74 


10 


70 


72 


11 


73 


73 


11 


71 


72 


12 


73 


72 


12 


71 


72 



4 a. ni.— Latitude 320 17' N. ; longitude 71° 32' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 32 49 N. ; longitude 72 02 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 33 23 N. ; longitude 72 32 W. 



.JuxE 27. 



A. M. 


o 


o 


! P. M. 


o 


O 


1 


71 


72 


1 1 


73 


77 


2 


70 


73 


i 2 


73 


79 


3 


70 


73 


3 


73 


78 


4 


70 


74 


4 


73 


78 


5 


71 


74 


5 


73 


78 


G 


72 


73 


C 


73 


78 


7 


72 


74 


7 


73 


79 


8 


73 


75 


8 


72 


80 


9 


72 


76 


9 


73 


79 


10 


74 


76 


10 


73 


79 


11 


74 


76 


11 


73 


73 


12 


74 


78 


12 


73 


72 



a. m.— Latitude 34° 03' N. ; longitude 73° 07' W. 
12 m— Latitude 34 38 N. ; longitude 73 46 W. 
p. m.— Latitude 35 24 N. ; longitude 73 41 W. 



8 Doc. 59. 



315 



Temperature cfihc air and the surface water — Continued. 
June 28. 



Plour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


Hour. 


Air. 


Water 
surface. 


A. M. 


o 


O 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


73 


72 


1 


74 


70 


2 


73 


72 


2 


74 


70 


3 


73 


72 


3 


74 


71 


4 


73 


72 


4 


73 


70 


5 


72 


72 


5 


72 


70 


G 


72 


70 


6 


72 


70 


7 


72 


69 


7 


72 


70 


8 


75 


70 


8 


72 


70 


9 


73 


70 


9 


72 


69 


10 


76 


70 


10 


72 


69 


11 


75 


70 


11 


72 


69 


12 


75 


•• 


12 


70 


69 



4 a. m.— Latitude 35° 51' JN". ; longitude 73° 39' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 36 00 N. ; longitude 73 52 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 36 10 W. ; longitude 73 59 W. 

June 29. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


70 


68 


1 


72 


69 


2 


70 


68 


2 


72 


69 


3 


70 


68 


3 


72 


69 


4 


70 


68 


4 


70 


69 


5 


70 


66 


5 


71 


69 


6 


71 


67 


6 


71 


68 


7 


70 


68 


7 


71 


68 


8 


70 


68 


8 


70 


68 


9 


71 


68 


9 


70 


68 


10 


72 


68 


10 


70 


67 


11 


74 


68 


11 


70 


68 


12 


76 


68 


12 


70 


68 



4 a. m.— Latitude 300 24' N. ; longitude 740 37' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 37 GO N. ; longitude 74 28 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 37 36 N. ; longitude 74 28 W. 



June 30. 



A.M. 


o 


o 


P. M. 


o 


o 


1 


70 


67 


1 


74 


68 


2 


70 


67 


2 


75 


69 


3 


70 


67 


3 


75 


69 


4 


70 


67 


4 


75 


69 


5 


69 


67 


5 


75 


68 


6 


70 


67 


6 


73 


67 


7 


72 


67 


7 


70 


68 


8 


73 


67 


8 


70 


67 


9 


72 


68 


9 


70 


66 


10 


73 


68 


10 


70 


61 


11 


73 


68 


11 


66 


63 


12 


73 


68 


12 


64 


61 



4 a. m.— Latitude 380 06' N". ; longitude 74° 14' W. 

12 m.— Latitude 38 35 N. ; longitude 74 07 W. 

8 p. m.— Latitude 39 22 N. ; longitude 73 52 W. 



316 



S. Doc. 59. 



Tcmiyerati/r.j nfth': air and of the loa.'er at the mrface and at glcen depths — 
first, in the tropics ; second, in the Gidf Stream; and third, in the north 
temperate zone of the Atlantic ; with the 7nmn tcmpcraltirc in each case. 



TROPICS. 



Dat3. 



1851. 

Dassmber 5. . 

G.. 

7. . 

8.. 
1(J. . 
Jl.. 

];j. . 

14.. 
15.. 
15.. 
16.. 
Id.. 
17.. 
17.. 

1852. 

January 3. . 

6.. 

b'.'. 

9.. 
lU.. 
11.. 
1:2.. 
13.. 
14.. 
IG. . 
17.. 
IS.. 
19.. 



'S3. 
24. 
25. 
27. 
29. 
3U. 
31. 
February 2. 



Tc.aip. air 



Temperature of water. 



8J 



Surface. 10 

fati 



75 



80 to 100 

fatlioms. 



fathoms. 



S. Doc. 59, 



317 



Tcmjicraturc of the air and water in tlic tropics, ^c. — Continued. 

TROPICS— Continued. 



Temp. air. 



Temperature of water. 



Surface. 



10 
fathoms. 



78 



80 to 100 
fathoms. 



200 
fathoms 



m 



245 to 400 

fathoms. 



318 



S. Doc. 59, 



Temi)cralure of the air and luafc?- in the troj)ics, S^'c. — Continued. 
TROPICS— Continued. 





Temp. air. 


Temperature of water. 


Date. 


Surface. 


10 
fathoms. 


80 to 100 
fathoms. 


200 
fathoms. 


345 to 400 
fathoms. 


1852. 
June 9 


o 
83 

81) 
82 
78 
82 


o 

79 
78 
79 

78 
77 


o 
79 

77 
78 

77 


O 

75 
7G 
71 
75 


o 
73 
7« 
72 
73 
72 


O 
71 


]() 




10 




11 


71 


11 , 








Total 


9032 


87C6 


2030 


4983 


7429 


6509 






Number of custs 


110 


111 


26 


C8 107 

1 


98 


Mean 


820 


70O 


78.'o 


1 
73 "O fi9.'o 


GGi"^ 











GULF STREAM. 





Temp. air. 


Temperature of water. 


Date. 


Surface. 


10 
fathoms. 


80 to 100 
fatlioins. 


1 
200 345 to 400 
fatlioms. fathoms. 


1851 . 

Ortoh'^r 11 .... 


o 
71 

Gd 

<;;) 

G7 
71 
72 

70 
74 
72 


o 
75 
74 
76 
71 
74 
73 

74 
78 
80 




73 

7G 
79 




G9 
72 
73 



53 

70 
G9 

G7 
72 
74 





15 


47 
51 
61 


17 

IS 


20 




21 


G6 


1852. 


67 


27 




27 








Total 


G25 


G75 


228 


214 


4G2 


292 






Number of casts 


9 


9 


3 


3 


7 


5 




G9iO 


750 


7 GO 


71° 


G60 


58^0 







S. Doc. 59. 319 

Tem'pe7'ature of the avr and water m the tropics, S^'c. — Continued. 
MEAN TEMPERATURE IN THE TROPICS AND GULF STREAM. 



, 


Temp, air- 


Temperature of Vater, 




Surface, 


10 

fathoms. 


80 to 100 
fathoms. 


200 
fathoms. 


345 to 400 
fathoms. 




o 

9032 

G25 


o 

8766 

675 


O 

2036 
228 


O 

4988 
214 


o 

7429 

462 


O 
6509 


Gulf Stream 


292 


Total • 


9657 


9441 


2264 


5202 


7891 


6801 






Number of casts 


119 


120 


29 


71 


114 


103 


Mean 


81° 


18?,° 


78° 


73°| 


69^° 


66° 







320 S. Doc. 59. 

Tanpcralurc nf ihc air and ivalcr in the tropics, ^'c. — Continued. 
KORTII TE.MPERATE ZONE. 



Date. 



1851, 
October lU. 

lU.. 

25.. 

NoTD.Tibcr 2. . 

C. 

VA. 

15. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

2U.. 

22. 

23. 

24. 

27.. 

28. 

29. 

3U. 



Jizno 



1852. 
11... 
11... 
12... 
14... 
1.5. . . 
15... 
17... 
19... 
21... 
22... 
23... 
24... 
25... 
25... 
2G.., 
£G.., 
26... 



Total 

Nunbor of casts. 
Mem 



rcmp. air. 



:C20 



Temperature of water. 



Surface. 



2503 



10 

fathoms. 



80 to 100 
iatlioms. 



1GC3 1143 



200 
fathoms. 



73 



74 

71 
7) 
GG 



:325 



74iO 



"Gio 



71 jO G3.JO CGiO 



S. Doc. 59. 



321 



cH 


Specific 
gravity. 














: : 












•su8ini09ds 
JO -OR 




'.'.'.'.'-''.'. 








'.^ '. 












J 
















■ : 












•suaraioads 
JO -OM 










ll 


























•suaraioads 
JO -OM 


i"^^ : : : : : 
























1 
i 


CO. fcuD 


























•gustutoads 
JO -OK 


'^ *.:;;:'. '. 
















'■' 


1 


11 












: 














•suauiioads 
JO 'OK 




^r^y^^rl^ 1 


4 


• 


Latitude. 


Jforth. 
O ' 

38 53 11 
38 14 16 
37 53 30 
36 58 • 00 
32 46 00 
32 46 QU 
32 06 00 
31 17 00 
31 03 43 
31 03 47 
29 45 30 
27 54 12 
27 39 42 
26 42 42 
25 30 22 
25 30 00 
25 04 00 
24 23 40 
23 42 12 
23 41 12 

23 15 03 

24 08 00 
21 27 20 
20 02 54 
18 39 26 
17 38 23 


o 

a: 


: • • i • : s : 

s • s s ^ a i s 

>H 2 >* lo in o o «a 


^ ^ ^ „ .qTo (M -* .^ => «2 cr 


CO 






' 1 • 


1851. 
October 10....... 

15 

17 

21.. 

November 2.. 

6 

13 

15 


^^m^M^^^^ 


g 


a- 


? 


P 


t 

8 

Q 


E0«- 


• 


t- 


• a 


> j 



26 



322 



S. Doc. 59. 



-I 



s 

■1 



5 






























; 






















3 


'suauipads 
JO -ON 


-li-H-^r^ 


_4-,^^. 






it 




























; 
























•suauiioads 
JO -OK 


-HrH 


^^^ „,H „^^^^„^ 




1 

i 1 

1 
1 


It 




























\ 
























•suaniioads 
JO -OK 
















"^ 










' 
























! 

i 

o 


m So 








• 




















i 
























•saauipads 
JO -OM 
















'^ 


-" 






\ 
























1 


II 




























; 








•suauiioads 
JO -OM 






'-' .-(,-(,-(,-(,-1-^,- 


19 15 28 1 
19 20 27 1 
19 06 0(1 1 
18 49 39 1 

18 36 26 1 

19 22 00 1 
19 57 28 1 
21 45 GO 1 


Longitude. 


' " 
23 48 28 
22 50 27 
20 58 01 

20 47 36 

21 18 00 
21 38 02 ■ 

21 46 48 
• 22 28 48 

22 56 57 

23 12 51 

23 50 24 
22 57 42 
21 56 54 
20 52 00 
20 07 00 
19 34 46 
10 Qi ir. 


Latitude. 


Xorlh. 
O ' " 

18 11 23 
17 34 31 
16 29 31 
16 34 10 
16 59 00 
16 59 00 
15 24 08 
15 09 20 
15 08. 00 
15 02 57 

14 45 55 
13 01 30 
11 07 15 
8 43 00 
7 17 00 
5 36 30 
4 27 00 
4 05 10 
4 14 21 
3 42 18 
3 03 00 
3 01 26 
2 36 09 
2 10 00 
23 54 


Hour. 


030 


: s E : E 

^ O CD t^O « 




: E 


^E E£ £ - 

.!!. rt ej ci C, ' 

S P2 S n 




1,C 


• S E E E S 
d.^ d.ii d, 
5!'oo^2 S? 


i 


1 


c 


\ 


■<c 


b 


- 


u- 


^ 


J£ 


r- 




c 

E 


« 


>t' 


QOff 


C 


z 


1 


r- 


^ 


« 


r- 


a 


c; 


§ 





I 



S. Doc. 59. 



823 



I •.•I>!<I>I!>>IIII* 






CD O O t- O Ol 

coo •* O O i-H 

•^ lO C-! rH ^ lO 

OOOTCX) toio^ 



CO (M lO to »* 'S' LO !M O! O ■ 

CJ CO M< O CO CT CO »0 lO rt 1 



'OO! lOC^iO 



005Q0003-*GOOOOO 
C0C0r-<O'*C0Cr*OOC0 

■^t-cotMcnr-icot^tocyi 

COOJO-<*lOi— ICO^OIO 

ocj-^inw^coc^c^rH 



oioo'*co- 

00 O lO 00 t- cs 



O O O CJ <>J 1 






CNOcooco^c?T-H^crii-(LOi-i( 

lOlOT-HCOOlOGNfOCOC^C^iOff^i 

T-icMCTOiot~vo(Mi-iO'-<a5!r3«#QOO!. 



O O i-H — I CO CO ■ 



)i— nnT-lC\!C\!i-iC0!?< 
iL.Ot^tOCO'^^-^COOJO^ 



ci rt d nj d &I 



: S s : : 



s s 



a ,: s s s s 



s <^ : s s s s s 



(C^COkOCDlft CCOtOCOCOtDlO 



CO ■^ »0 00 Ol i-l 



324 



S. Doc. 59. 



i 
1 

1 


II 












































•suaunoads 
































^^ 








1 

o 


M til 


































• 








1 

1 
1 


•suamioads 
JO -0^ 












































i 

1 
1 


11 
M bo 












































■suauiioads 










































I 


o 


11 












































•suamioads 
JO -OM 












































1 


. it 










































! 

1 


•suauipads 
JO -OM 










. Sgggg 2S^S?lSSSSg5S?5?;?Ji3 

-* -a 


1 






2 


5j 

00^ 




U 


ig 




^ g 


i? 




ic 


i'7 


13 


«c 


k 


i^ 


i'i 


i? 


i? 


5 




iC 


) 



S. Doc. 59. 



325 



i 


11 


























































•suQiuioads 




.^^rH 








_ rH 










■rH 


1 


11 
OQ fan 


























































•suauiioads 
JO -OM 




^r-trH 






*"• 










o 

1 

1 


i-1 

02 hi 


























































•suatuioads 
JO -OM 




,-H^ 






^ 










^ 


o 


11 


























































•suaiuioads 
JO-OM 




^ 








^ : 
















II 


























































•suatupads 
JO -OM 


^^^^^^^^^^^ . 


, 


Longitude. 


n OOt-Ir-l:-l-OOCnO(MC<ICO'*'<#'*in'0^-<l<'*'iC^Q000010va305 




3 39 08 
7 57 43 

10 38 13 

11 11 42 
2 36 52 

15 00 15 
15 55 40 
15 16 05 
13 28 25 

12 47 30 

11 47 14 

12 21 25 
12 21 24 
12 20 17 

. 12 21 54 

12 • 48 42 

13 19 29 

13 40 17 

14 14 08 

15 25 07 

15 53 39 

16 43 22 
16 43 22 
16 42 11 

19 02 36 

20 12 30 

21 13 44 


Hour. 


s s ^ s ^ a s s s ^. ^. ^ : s s ^. a s s ^ s s a s s s a 

Oi Ol irTco ^Oi C<5 to ifS CO co'co" a CO OO t-n •* OO -K-Mrt lO irt -* '^ -^ t- '^ 




i 
Q 


> 


^ 


CO 


CO 


oj 


i 


i 


o 

CO 


CO 


CO 


3 


CM 


d 


cm' 


cm' 


CM 


CO 


CO 


CO 


- 


lO 


co' 


CO* 


- 


Qo' 


oi 


oj 





326 



S. Doc. 59. 



•suauiioads 
JO "ON 



auouiioatis 
JO -ON 



suaiuioads 
JO -ON 



suaratoads 
JO -OM 



•suamioads 
JO -fJN 



; oC'-i'^-a'»o«i-<i-i-^oooOTOJ'-i:»5-«t'-ii-'io 

5 CS 1-'^ CTJ 05 » '-0 rt ifl O) t" CO to -!)< O C-. CJ "- to lO r- — 5 o 

; ^ ffj CJ -^ irt O O -* lO >-l '.-^ C* O O -^ ifl « « S •^ -^ C5 lO 

"-" lO lO lO lf5 to CO to ?0 «) iO <» CO » t^ t^ t'- l'- i- t- t~ t- l- 



i«; 






O CJ CO "# Ifl 'fl to T»< •^ •>«»< ifl to t^ 00 C — (?J ! 



> lO CJ •^ -H U5 . 



SSSg 



: s : 






S. Doc. 59, 



327 



o 

D t* O) 

8^ I'd 

S I" H t:: 



So „ 

I'll 

•CSpi (13 



rj O O 

O-mSJH 






5 ca fc, 
c >- tS 

1^.1 



ocSS 



5^ a . § a. 






ES 'moO'^Oo 



p 3 -) 

S3 a 

cqQQ 



^ lo o mo 

O"^ CO 00 00 
CO CO ■* -^ 



CJ CN CT CO CO CO CO ■««< 

t-r-ftJDi-H!— IQOQOCOt^ 

ODQOOOCCWtOlOliOtO 



CI '-I 

oocjooo 



^ to O lO o 
~ -*i CO 1—1 CO 

S; O irt r-l CO 



lOiC 



^HCD ID 1-1 ■ 
—I .-no 1-1 ^ 

i-ocot^CQ-'i'ocsajt-i 

1-1 <M CO CO CJ <N r-l 

oooooocoo 



!>2 



•suauipads JO -o^ 



328 



S. Doc. 59. 















: 2 : 


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S. Doc. 59. 329 



POINTS OF PRACTICE ON BOARD THE DOLPHIN. 

Memorandum for Lieutenant O. H. Berryman, United States Navy, (my 
successor in the command of the United States surveying brig Dolphin,) 
forwarded through Commodore Morris, Chief of Bureau of Ordnance artd 
Hydrography, August 31st, 1852. 

Observations. 

One of the other officers always observed with the master. Each 
worked out and sent in the result of his own observations. Recorded 
all original observations for latitude, time, and variation, and the results 
thereof, and made a smooth record of the same. A clever marine 
kept this record, (which was verified by the respective observers and 
computers,) and marked time for the observers who observed together. 
Recorded the index error at each set of observations, and the dip due 
to the part of the vessel from which they were made, also the name of 
the object, observer, marker, and computer, the character of the obser- 
vation, whether good or otherwise, and, when not good, from what 
cause or causes. Tacked, lowered sail, &c., when necessary to get 
observations. The steering binnacle was amidships, (aft,) firom which 
spot all variation observations were made, and *' Gilbert's prismatic 
azimuth compass," the local deviation of which had been ascertained 
by swinging the vessel, was mounted on another well secured binnacle 
directly over it. Recorded the mean point on which the vessel headed 
whilst making variation observations. • 

The twilight observations of Polaris were taken when both the object 
and the horizon were distinct. Other twilight observations, as near the 
same period of distinct visibihty as practicable. 

• When astronomical observations are made, the time, latitude, and 
longitude should be carefully recorded. It would be well to have a 
separate record book of day's works, on which should be noted all the 
allowances, variation, current, &c., used daily.* 

Comparisons. 

Wound all the chronometers and compared them withthe standard 
at 10 a. m., dail}'. Let each observer compare for himself the hack 
watch with the standard chronometer. Recorded all comparisons, and 
by whom made. 

Log. 

Used the patent, recorded its index and the run by it when the course 
was changed, and when astronomical observations were made ; also, 

* [Such a complete record of the observations, reckoning, and results used, should be kept 
on board public and private vessels, and would expose the cause of many shipwrecks, ensure 
safe navigation, confirm or refute reports of dangerous reefs and shoals, and of unusual 
currents, &c. It would bo a great advantage to have bound volumes of convenient forms 
for the observations and computations made.] 



330 S. Doc. 59. 

hourly, when full and by, and at the end of each watch when going 
free. In another column made proportional allowance for lost interval 
whilst the log was out of water. Wiiilst taking temperature observa- 
tions, with all sails furled and yards square, took in patent log, which 
will not work truly when going less than two knots, and to prevent its 
getting jammed by the rudder. On such occasions got the rate or set 
by using a log line made of small fishing line, and marked to tenths by 
little painted pine corks, which was entered in another column of the 
log. These allowances were used in making up the reckoning. When 
going fast, the patent log requires fifty or sixty fathoms of line over 
the. stern, to prevent its jumping out of water. The patent log should 
not be allowed to touch the bottom lest sand should get into the works. 
The fight surface line was marked with black corks on the stray line, 
white cork at every other tenth, and red cork at every knot. 

Currents. 

Currents were found by comparing the run from in)on t(j noon with 
the observed latitude of the sun, and the mean position for longitude at each 
noon derived from the mean of a. m. and p. m. sun sights of that day 
reduced to noon by log. The run was also compared lor the same pur- 
pose with good a. m. and p. m. twilight and other observations. In calm 
and light weather and smooth water the boat was lowered, and anchored 
with a 32-lb shot attached to the small sounding line, or rode to the 
shot and about 1,000 fathoms of triple size line, and when the boat had 
steadied thereto the light surface log before described was hove several 
times for surface current. This 1,000 fathoms line was reeled up alter 
the observation was made. The under current was also tried at 10 
and at 80 fathoms, using a well-leaded, foot-square, white-painted pine 
block, suspended to canvas bags wet and blown up. A strong sus- 
pension cord and log line, with suitable stray line to it, were used for 
the last. The direction and rate and the boat's head were reported in 
writing by the officer of the boat and recorded in the log. 

Deep sea soundings. 

Used small fishing fine, as per sample, i>moothed with wax, and 
marked to each 100 fathoms with a small piece of colored bunting, just 
large enough to be seen when running, attached to a 32-lb condemned 
shot ; — (a long and pointed lead would sink better.) 

The first 300 fathoms of this line was doubled, and in some cases the 
first 100 was tripled. Marked the time of letting go tlie shot and the 
time at which each 100 fathom mark passed out, and carried the inter- 
val into another column. 

The line ran through a small bull's eye, held in one hand by a quar- 
termaster, who gave line with the other hand when neccssaiy to relieve 
the shot from the resistance of the reel. 

The reel was mounted on a braced stand just fcjrward of the stem 
sheets of the boat, and turned on friction rollers. Whilst the line was 
running out some oars were pulled just so much as to keep the fiuQ 
plumb, the boat being kept by the stern oar heading to wind, &c. 



S. Doc. 59. 331 

When the shot struck the bottom, stopped pulling, let the boat settle, 
and tried currents if the line did not part, then cut the line. Recorded 
written report of boat officer, stating strength of wind, height of swell, 
boat's head, &c., and his opinion of the observation. Pulled steadily, 
and hove the light log in returning to the vessel, the sails of which 
were furled and yards squared whilst taking drift and current obser- 
vations, and deep sea temperatures. The sounding line was measured 
on a light grooved board wheel, received from Captain Barron, United 
States ship John Adams, designed by Passed Midshipman James Hig- 
gins, United States Navy, and intended to measure a fathom in circum- 
ference, which marked each rotation by a click of a plain spring. 
Some 95 or 97 turns of this wheel made just 100 fathoms. All bad 
places were carefully cut out whilst measuring this line on deck from 
a reel mounted on a stand forward of the wheel, and it was waxed 
and reeled up on the running reel, (the one used in the boat,) tempora- 
rily mounted on a stand abaft the measuring wheel. 

In running from the boat the reel should be firm on its axis, the latter 
revolving on friction rollers. Use whale-boats, which should be double 
copper fastened and have no iron about them. The exact position of 
each current and sounding station and the local time should be 
recorded. 

Allowed but four attentive young petty officers to steer, one of 
whom, under the supervision of the officer of the boat, or the officer of 
the boat himself, always made a deep sea cast. 

ViGIAS. 

When looking for these, take and compute many good twilight and 
daylight astronomical observations, and when running down the paral- 
lel of the vigia and traversing it, keep the deep sea le|.d going, using 
the Stellwagen, or an armed lead, with Burt's nipper and buoy. 
Record in the sounding book the time against each sounding and the 
course ; and the time, latitude, and longitude of each tack (taken from 
the day's work) for plotting the track. 

A deep sea sounding, if practicable, should be taken on the exact 
position of each vigia. Several good lookouts should be stationed 
below and aloft, with and without spyglasses. The radius of vision 
should be marked in the log book against each hour of the day during 
the cruise. 

Mem. — A copy of the foregoing was sent to Commander Ringgold's 
surveying Expedition. 

March 3, 1853. 



ERRATA. 

Page 39, Deep-sea sounding, first cast, instead of 1600 fathoms, read 1160 fathoms. 

41, Deep-sea somiding, first trial, at 1500 fathoms, instead of 6h. 4Sni. 18s., read Sh. 

48m. 08s. 
84, Instead of "centre of reef east of our position by our survey, read " centre of 

reef east of above position by our survey." 
90, April 8, first line, instead of 9h. 20in. a. m, read 9/^. 10m. a. m. 

105, June 8, line 5, instead of " iimoaxed line," read "waxed line." 

106, June 9th, boat soundmg, instead of latitude 210 13" 44", read 210 13' U". 

115, Instead of " bound from New York to the Cape Verde Islands," read "on a sur- 
veying cruise in the North and South Atlantic." 

123, November 16, 4 a. m. barometer, instead of 59.99, read 29.99. 

127, November 30, noon, instead of no sounding, read bottom at 2200 fathoms. 

129, December 7, 4 p. m., barometer, instead of 29.25, read 29.95. 

131, December 17, Oh. 30m. p. m., temperature water, under surface, instead of 100 
fathoms, read 200 fathoms. 

152, March 22, 3 p. m., under currents, instead of 10 fathoms twice, the depths should 
be 10 and 80 fathoms. 

154, March 29, 6 a. m, insert variation 9° 49' W. 

160, April 23, 4 a. m., instead of longitude 440 42' 15", read 440 12' 15". 

162, April 29, 5h. 30m. a. m., under currents, depths, instead of 10 and 30 fathoms, 
read 10 and 80 fathoms. 

169, Jime 2, 2/^. 45m. p. m., barometer, instead of 39.02, read 30.02. 

171, June 7, Ah. 10m. p. m., temperatures under surface, instead of 750 at 300 fathoms, 
read 750 at 200 fathoms. 

186, Table, instead of " real strength," read " least strength." 

204, February 15, 1852, at 1200 and 1300 fathoms, instead of 3m. 39s.— 3m. 29s., read 
3m. 293.— 3?n. 39s. 

211, November 24, 1851, at 1700 fathoms, instead of 3m. 35s., read 3m. 25s. 

221, February 2, sunset, for 180 42', read 180 22', westerly variation. 

221, February 3, mean variation, instead of 170 00', read 170 09'. 

233, October 16, instead of latitude 360 43', read 370 43'. 

237, October 26, 12 p. m., air, instead of 740 read 720. 

238, October 30, 10 p.m., air, instead of 60O read 690. 

240, November 6, 12 p. m., air, instead of 740, read 71o. 

241, November 8, 9 p. m., water, instead of 750, read 730. 
257, January 8, 10, 11, 12, a. m., air, instead of 730, 730, 730, read 830, 830, 830. 

260, January 15, 12 p. m., water, instead of 890, read 80O. 

261, January 19, 11 p. m., air, instead of 70O, read 790. 

269, February 11, 1, 2, 3, p. m., air, instead of 820, 820, 820, read 880, 830, 870. 
318, 319, temperatures, instead of number of casts, read number of observations. 
327, April 26, latitude, instead of OO 1' 29", read 10 1' 29". 

ERRATA ON GENERAL TRACK CHART. 

November 20, 4 p. m., temperature, at 200 fathoms, instead of 520, read 590. 
June 9, variation, instead of =0 W., read 2^0 W. 



.2 



NOTES. 



The specimens of salt water taken at tlie surface and at certain depths, in various parts of 
the sea, (pp. 321, 326,) were transmitted to Professor B. Silliman, jr., who had kindly con- 
sented to analyze them. Professor S. subsequently concluded, that whilst the spccimcna 
were sufficient for ascertaining the "densities" and "solid contents," yet "that it would 
be in a great measure a loss of labor to undertake an extended series of chemical analyse;^ on 
such very limited quantities of waters." 

Ths speciraens of bottom off the Amazon, &c., (see list, pp. 327, 328,) have been submitted 
to Professor Baily, of West Point, for examination, who has already made some iatcrcsling 
discoveries in them ; but the investigation is not yet finished*. 



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